Winter road maintenance resource allocation models

"June 2010.""A Master's Thesis presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School University of Missouri In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science."Thesis supervisor: Dr. Wooseung Jang.Winter snow storms could cause serious disruptions to traffic and transportation. Because resources for winter road maintenance, such as snow removal trucks, are limited, using them properly would improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the winter maintenance work. However, a fixed resource allocation plan among service regions may not work well in several situations because of different types and intensity of winter storms. Therefore, reallocation of resources among service regions is often needed. The objective of this research is to develop a resource reallocation model that minimizes the total cost of reallocation operations and provides equitable resources to service regions. Road and weather condition factors, such as road classes, weather forecasts, and service levels, are taken into account in the model.Includes bibliographical references (pages 64-67)

Editor\u27s Forum

Welcome to another issue of the JAAER. We are pleased to share three exciting articles with you. Our first article addresses an interesting issue: what effect do certain variables have on how employees respond to training in the aviation environment. Erin Bowen\u27s article titled Predicting Impact of Maintenance Resource Management Training Utilizing Individual Difference Variables, reveals the findings of a study which was conducted to identify the predictive role certain variables play on the impact of maintenance resource management training program in an aviation maintenance setting

Maintenance Resource Management MRM

Dado o acréscimo considerável de acidentes aeronáuticos que têm na sua génese o erro humano em ambiente de manutenção aeronáutica, surge a necessidade de conhecer os fatores que contribuem para as falhas de manutenção, supervisão e inspeção e encontrar soluções adequadas à respetiva resolução. Neste trabalho, demonstrou-se que os programas de Maintenance Resource Management (MRM) visam, através de um maior esclarecimento do indivíduo sobre Fatores Humanos, garantir a mutação das suas atitudes e comportamentos. Em função dos dados obtidos e respetiva análise à luz dos conceitos teóricos e melhores práticas, concluiu-se do impacto positivo que esta iniciativa poderá ter na Segurança de Voo da Força Aérea Portuguesa e da pertinência da sua implementação. Quanto à melhor forma de endereçar o treino inicial e recorrente de Fatores Humanos em ambiente de manutenção aeronáutica, recomenda-se a estruturação de um programa integrado de MRM de raiz, que beneficie da experiência de outras Organizações na implementação de programas desta natureza e que seja passível de acomodar as necessidades específicas de cada Unidade da Força Aérea Portuguesa. Como resultado deste trabalho de investigação foram identificadas algumas das áreas de intervenção mais críticas na Força Aérea Portuguesa, a endereçar no programa, e estabelecidas as linhas de orientação a seguir, ao nível da cultura de segurança, dos fatores organizacionais, individuais e ambientais, da norma, da comunicação e trabalho em equipa e da liderança e planeamento. Por último, teceram-se um conjunto de recomendações condicionantes do sucesso do programa, que se prendem com o envolvimento de toda a organização e o apoio do topo da hierarquia, com a definição de mecanismos de comunicação específicos do programa e com a importância da definição dos parâmetros de avaliação e métodos corretivos. Abstract: Given the considerable increase of aviation accidents caused by maintenance human error, there is a clear need of better knowing the factors that contribute to maintenance, supervision and inspection failure and find the appropriate solutions to their resolution. In this essay it was evidenced that Maintenance Resource Management (MRM) programs aim to guarantee attitude and behaviour changes, through each individual Human Factors better awareness. The collected data and its respective analysis based on the theoretical concepts and best practices, made it possible to draw the conclusion towards the positive impact of these programs in the improvement of Portuguese Air Force Flight Safety and the relevance of its implementation. As regards to the best approach for initial and continuation Human Factors training in aeronautical maintenance environment, the recommendation goes to structuring an integrated Maintenance Resource Management program, benefiting from other organizations previous implementation experience and however flexible to accommodate the specific requirements of each Air Base. As a result of this research, the most critical maintenance areas to be addressed in the Maintenance Resource Management program were identified and guidelines were established as regards to safety culture, organizational, individual and environmental factors, procedures, communication and team work, leadership and planning perspectives. Finally, several recommendations were put together as the program critical success factors, encompassing global organization participation, hierarchy commitment to the program, establishing the appropriate communication channels and demystifying the importance of defining evaluation parameters and corrective procedures

Implementing the REPAIRER Human Factors Safety Reporting System Through MRM (MxHF) to Meet SMS Compliance in Aviation Maintenance

Reiterating the importance of having a human factor related safety reporting system for aviation maintenance to reduce human error and utilizing it to gain SMS compliance, the REPAIRER method of identifying and reporting human factors hazards in aviation maintenance is reintroduced. How and why the REPAIRER method system is of such importance in the implementation of aviation maintenance safety programs can be linked to the success and evolution of maintenance resource management and human factors programs which have been effective in reducing human error in aviation maintenance. These programs are rooted in effective communication methods, as well as the identification of human factor elements. To illustrate this point, the successes of maintenance resource management are discussed. Additionally, the incredible strides that the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has taken to propel a human factorscentered safety program in aviation maintenance are brought to light with the FAA’s latest transition of MRM (Maintenance Resource Management) to MxHF (Maintenance Human Factors). This newly appointed program, which replaced a decades old FAA MRM program, highlights the significant changes in MRM, notably the emphasis on human factors. Given the significant shift from MRM to MxHF, the authors explore the implementation of the REPAIRER aviation maintenance reporting system under the new guidelines and demonstrate how it could fulfill many of the desired outcomes of both programs, while still gaining SMS compliance

Predicting Impact of Maintenance Resource Management Training Utilizing Individual Difference Variables

Human error has been identified as a leading cause of accidents and incidents in many high-consequence industries, such as aviation and medicine. These industries have evolved widespread employee training programs to prevent such errors or to mitigate their impact on the public. In addition, common perceptions exist in these industries regarding the role of age, employee tenure, and type of position held in an employee\u27s responsiveness to such training. This study was conducted to identify the predictive role individual difference variables may play in the impact of maintenance resource management training programs in an aviation maintenance setting. Using multiple regression analyses, the study identifies common misperceptions in the industry regarding the effect of these variables on employees\u27 responses to training

Developing competitive advantage through tracking tools in service business

This research is about the utilization of tracking tools in maintenance resource coordination to investigate the benefits of tracking in the coordination processes. Based on service industry, this study uses a pilot project, questionnaires and interviews as research methods. Various challenges were found in the field of mobile workforce management; coordination, safety at work, achieving optimization goals of cost-efficiency, quality and customer service. Many of these challenges can be facilitated with tracking. However, the possibilities of tracking utilization vary in differing business areas of case company. Four dimensions in the existing business were identified. They are connected with the mobility and management style of service technicians. Further, the main tracking opportunities were introduced into each of these business fields. The successful usage and implementation of a tracking system necessitates strong support from management. Tracking tools offer numerous opportunities for maintenance resource coordination. Undoubtedly, the tracking implementation and utilization require consideration of several managerial matters.fi=vertaisarvioitu|en=peerReviewed

A Meta-Analysis of Crew Resource Management/Incident Command Systems Implementation Studies in the Fire and Emergency Services

The presentation will summarize a meta-analysis of studies on Crew Resource Management/Incident Command System implementation in the fire and emergency services. The need for using participative leadership tools such as CRM evolved from an NTSB recommendation that followed United Airlines Flight 173 crash in 1978. NASA, civilian and military aviation communities implemented Crew Resource Management (CRM) training to improve decisionmaking during flight operations. Maintenance Resource Management (MRM) was a variant of CRM and first appeared in a Federal Aviation Administration circular in 2000. CRM was adopted by the medical community in the 1990s, specifically in the surgical and nursing areas, to prevent untoward outcomes (including infections). Since the mid-1990s, fire and emergency services organizations began using CRM and Incident Command Systems training to reduce human error in firefighting and prehospital care. This research focuses on fire and emergency services studies to determine if CRM/Incident Command Systems training impact attitude and performance in a meaningful way. Meta-analysis statistical procedures will identify differences and levels of heterogeneity between these studies, where possible, to support findings and recommendations for future research. Keywords: crew resource management, incident command systems, fire, emergency services, maintenance resource management, participative leadershi

A Meta-Analysis of Crew Resource Management/Incident Command Systems Implementation Studies in the Fire and Emergency Services

The presentation will summarize a meta-analysis of studies on Crew Resource Management/Incident Command System implementation in the fire and emergency services. The need for using participative leadership tools such as CRM evolved from an NTSB recommendation that followed United Airlines Flight 173 crash in 1978. NASA, civilian and military aviation communities implemented Crew Resource Management (CRM) training to improve decisionmaking during flight operations. Maintenance Resource Management (MRM) was a variant of CRM and first appeared in a Federal Aviation Administration circular in 2000. CRM was adopted by the medical community in the 1990s, specifically in the surgical and nursing areas, to prevent untoward outcomes (including infections). Since the mid-1990s, fire and emergency services organizations began using CRM and Incident Command Systems training to reduce human error in firefighting and prehospital care. This research focuses on fire and emergency services studies to determine if CRM/Incident Command Systems training impact attitude and performance in a meaningful way. Meta-analysis statistical procedures will identify differences and levels of heterogeneity between these studies, where possible, to support findings and recommendations for future research. Keywords: crew resource management, incident command systems, fire, emergency services, maintenance resource management, participative leadershi

\u3ci\u3eCollegiate Aviation Research and Education Solutions to Critical Safety Issues\u3c/i\u3e

UNOAI Report 2001-5 This document contains four papers concerning collegiate aviation research and education solutions to critical safety issues. “Panel Proposal Titled Collegiate Aviation Research and Education Solutions to Critical Safety Issues for the Tim Forte Collegiate Aviation Safety Symposium” (Brent Bowen) presents proposals for panels on the following topics: geographic north versus magnetic north to provide enhanced national airspace system safety; weather safety training for general aviation pilots through computer flight simulation; identification of human behavior and aircraft maintenance safety issues; disaster preparedness, emergency response, and curriculum development; the collegiate aviation emergency response checklist; and systemic initiatives in aviation safety research. “Current Regulatory Status in Regard to Maintenance Resource Management” (Chien-tsung Lu, Brent Bowen) explores documents, evidence, and perspectives on maintenance resource management training. “Disaster Preparedness, Emergency Response, and Curriculum Development” (Michaela M. Schaaf, Brent D. Bowen) discusses a new upper-level aviation course at the University of Nebraska at Omaha that grew out of research in the area of safety, disaster preparedness, and emergency response. “The Collegiate Aviation Emergency Response Checklist: Fundamental Pre-crisis Planning” (Mary M. Fink, Michael K. Larson) discusses and presents the University of Nebraska at Omaha Aviation Institute’s emergency response checklist, which is designed for use is a flight student is involved in an aircraft accident or incident.https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/facultybooks/1170/thumbnail.jp

Environmental Audit improvements in industrial systems through FRAM

Environmental risk management requires specific methodologies to focus audit activities on the most critical elements of production systems. Limited resources require a clear motivation to put attention on specific technological, human, organizational components, and often should address the monitor of interactions among these elements. Recent research in environmental risk looks at methods to deal with complexity as interesting tools to reduce real impacts on pollution and consumption. In this paper, we provide evidence of the advantage in using the Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM), not only to identify the criticalities of a complex production system but to provide a methodology to continuously improve the audit activities in parallel with the introduction of technique to reduce environmental risk. The case study presents the evolution of environmental audit in a sinter plant, proving the need for a review of the criticality list and the successful application of FRAM to refocus the control activities