Визначення залежності рівня глюкози крові від рівня глюкози лімфи

Цель исследования - определение зависимости уровня глюкозы в крови от уровня глюкозы в лимфе при отсутствии сахарного диабета. В результате исследования было доведено, что в лимфе здорового человека глюкоза отсутствует, а уровень глюкозы крови зависим от уровня глюкозы в лимфе и не может повышаться, если уровень глюкозы в лимфе не превышает 6 мМ/л. Показатель уровня глюкозы лимфы с достоверностью 99,99% может характеризовать состояние пациента по отношению к заболеванию сахарным диабетом. Это новейший подход к диагностике сахарного диабета с использованием новейших направлений медицинской науки - вегетативной неврологии и лимфологии. Уровень глюкозы лимфы есть очень существенным и вероятным диагностическим показателем для постановки диагноза сахарный диабет и определения склонности пациента к заболеванию сахарным диабетом, так как этот показатель всегда опережает повышение уровня глюкозы в крови. Определение уровня глюкозы лимфы показало высокий процент (77%) склонности людей к заболеванию сахарным диабетом на современном этапе.Diagnostics of saccharine diabetes on the modern stage uses blood and test-sistemy of analyses of blood tests exceptionally (glyukozovannyy haemoglobin, #-peptid...). In any research of blood or testsisteme of not foreseen the amount of selection of insulin, presence or absence of him, is unchecked in blood, nor in one research or test-sisteme not foreseen and unchecked how many insulin is producted by the aits of Langengarsa. The purpose of this labour is determination of level of glucose in a lymph, got from between cellular space of hypodermic cellulose of overhead surface of foot in default of saccharine diabetes and determination of dependence of level of glucose in blood from the level of glucose in a lymph. It was led to as a result of experiment, that level of glucose of blood is dependency upon the level of glucose in a lymph and can not rise, if level of glucose in a lymph no more approximately 6 mmol/l. Index of level of glucose of lymph, with authenticity 99,99% can characterize the state of patient in relation to a disease saccharine diabetes. It is the newest approach to diagnostics of saccharine diabetes with the use of the newest directions of medical science vegetative neurology and limfology. A level of glucose of lymph is a very substantial and credible diagnostic index for determination of diagnosis saccharine diabetes, determination of inclination of patient to the disease saccharine diabetes, because this index is always passed ahead by the increase of level of glucose in blood. The increase of level of glucose of lymph in 99.99% cases specifies on the threat of increase or increase of level of glucose in blood, and on liability to the disease saccharine diabetes and early diagnostics of disease. The level of glucose of lymph of healthy man is equal 0,00 mmol/l. Determination of level of glucose of lymph showed the high percent (77%) of inclination of people to the disease saccharine diabetes on the modern stage

Assay of steady-state level of glucose-6-phosphate

Assay of glucose-6-phosphat

The antibacterial activity of honey: 1. The nature of the antibacterial activity

Honey has been used as a medicine since ancient times in many cultures and is still used in ‘folk medicine’. The use of honey as a therapeutic substance has been rediscovered by the medical profession in more recent times, and it is gaining acceptance as an antibacterial agent for the treatment of ulcers and bed sores, and other infections resulting from burns and wounds. In many of the cases in the cited reports, honey was used on infections not responding to standard effective in rapidly clearing up infection and promoting healing. Honey has also been found to be effective in treating bacterial gastoentertis in infants

UJI ANTIDIABETIK INFUSA KELOPAK BUNGA ROSELLA (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.) PADA TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN GALUR WISTAR YANG DIINDUKSI GLUKOSA

ABSTRACT Background. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) occurred do to inability of using and over product of glucose Various types of treatment have been done by using synthetic and traditional medicine. One them with flower petals  of rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.) as a traditional medicine. Objective. Know impact of rosella petals infuse concentrate to decrease level of glucose. Methode. Type of  research is pure experiment with design One Group Pre and Post Test With Control Design. The subjects were  twenty five of white male rat of wistar strain, two month old, and weight between 150-200 grams. Independent variable is infuse rosella flower petals, dependent variable is reduction  level of glucose. Data analysis was done by Anova and  followed by LSD test . Result. Average reduction of blood glucose levels with the highest concentration of 250 mg/200 g BB of 41,86 and the lowest concentration of  62,5 mg/ 200 g BB of 10,96. ANOVA test showed that p value = 0,000 (p 0,05), meant of no significant decrease on the white male rat of wistar strain. Conclusion. There were significant impact in various concentrations of infuse roselle petals to decrease level of glucose on the white male rat of wistar strain . Key words.  Infuse, rosella petals, decreasing level of glucose, white male rat of wistar strain. ABSTRAK Latar Belakang : Diabetes Mellitus (DM) terjadi akibat ketidakmampuan menggunakan dan over produksi glukusa (hiperglikemik). Berbagai jenis pengobatan sudah dilakukan yaitu dengan menggunakan obat sintesis maupun tradisional. Salah satunya dengan memanfaatkan kelopak bunga rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.) sebagai obat tradisional. Tujuan :Mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi infusa kelopak bunga rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.) terhadap penurunan kadar glukosa. Metode : Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen murni dengan desain penelitian One Group Pre and Post Test With Control Design. Subjek penelitian adalah 25 ekor  tikus putih jantan galur wistar  yang berumur 2 bulan, dengan berat badan antara 150-200 gram. Variabel bebas adalah infusa kelopak bunga rosella, variabel terikat adalah penurunan kadar glukosa. Analisis data dengan uji Anova dilanjutkan uji LSD. Hasil : Rata - rata penurunan kadar glukosa darah tertinggi pada konsentrasi 250 mg/200 gBB sebesar 41,86 dan terendah pada konsentrasi 62,5 mg/200 gBB sebesar 10,96. Berdasarkan uji Anova dapat diketahui bahwa p value = 0,000 (p 0,05) artinya pasangan tersebut menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan penurunan kadar glukosa darah pada tikus putih galur wistar. Kesimpulan : Ada pengaruh yang bermakna berbagai konsentrasi infusa kelopak bunga rosella terhadap penurunan kadar glukosa darah pada tikus putih jantan galur wistar. Kata kunci : Infusa, kelopak bunga rosella, penurunan kadar glukosa, tikus putih jantan galur wistar

Sugar and chromosome stability: Clastogenic effects of sugars in vitamin B6-deficient cells

Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), the active form of vitamin B6, has been implicated in preventing human pathologies, such as diabetes and cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of PLP are still unclear. Using Drosophila as a model system, we show that PLP deficiency caused either by mutations in the pyridoxal kinase-coding gene (dPdxk) or by vitamin B6 antagonists results in chromosome aberrations (CABs). The CAB frequency in PLP-depleted cells was strongly enhanced by sucrose, glucose or fructose treatments, and dPdxk mutant cells consistently displayed higher glucose contents than their wild type counterparts, an effect that is at least in part a consequence of an acquired insulin resistance. Together, our results indicate that a high intracellular level of glucose has a dramatic clastogenic effect if combined with PLP deficiency. This is likely due to an elevated level of Advanced Glycation End-products (AGE) formation. Treatment of dPdxk mutant cells with alpha lipoic acid (ALA) lowered both AGE formation and CAB frequency, suggesting a possible AGE-CAB cause-effect relationship. The clastogenic effect of glucose in PLP-depleted cells is evolutionarily conserved. RNAi-mediated silencing of PDXK in human cells or treatments with PLP inhibitors resulted in chromosome breakage, which was potentiated by glucose and reduced by ALA. These results suggest that patients with concomitant hyperglycemia and vitamin B6 deficiency may suffer chromosome damage. This might impact on cancer risk, as CABs are a well-known tumorigenic factor

Protein markers for insulin-producing beta cells with higher glucose sensitivity

Background and Methodology: Pancreatic beta cells show intercellular differences in their metabolic glucose sensitivity and associated activation of insulin production. To identify protein markers for these variations in functional glucose sensitivity, rat beta cell subpopulations were flow-sorted for their level of glucose-induced NAD(P) H and their proteomes were quantified by label-free data independent alternate scanning LC-MS. Beta cell-selective proteins were also identified through comparison with rat brain and liver tissue and with purified islet alpha cells, after geometrical normalization using 6 stably expressed reference proteins. Principal Findings: All tissues combined, 943 proteins were reliably quantified. In beta cells, 93 out of 467 quantifiable proteins were uniquely detected in this cell type; several other proteins presented a high molar abundance in beta cells. The proteome of the beta cell subpopulation with high metabolic and biosynthetic responsiveness to 7.5 mM glucose was characterized by (i) an on average 50% higher expression of protein biosynthesis regulators such as 40S and 60S ribosomal constituents, NADPH-dependent protein folding factors and translation elongation factors; (ii) 50% higher levels of enzymes involved in glycolysis and in the cytosolic arm of the malate/aspartate-NADH-shuttle. No differences were noticed in mitochondrial enzymes of the Krebs cycle, beta-oxidation or respiratory chain. Conclusions: Quantification of subtle variations in the proteome using alternate scanning LC-MS shows that beta cell metabolic glucose responsiveness is mostly associated with higher levels of glycolytic but not of mitochondrial enzymes

The role of Computer Aided Process Engineering in physiology and clinical medicine

This paper discusses the potential role for Computer Aided Process Engineering (CAPE) in developing engineering analysis and design approaches to biological systems across multiple levels—cell signalling networks, gene, protein and metabolic networks, cellular systems, through to physiological systems. The 21st Century challenge in the Life Sciences is to bring together widely dispersed models and knowledge in order to enable a system-wide understanding of these complex systems. This systems level understanding should have broad clinical benefits. Computer Aided Process Engineering can bring systems approaches to (i) improving understanding of these complex chemical and physical (particularly molecular transport in complex flow regimes) interactions at multiple scales in living systems, (ii) analysis of these models to help to identify critical missing information and to explore the consequences on major output variables resulting from disturbances to the system, and (iii) ‘design’ potential interventions in in vivo systems which can have significant beneficial, or potentially harmful, effects which need to be understood. This paper develops these three themes drawing on recent projects at UCL. The first project has modeled the effects of blood flow on endothelial cells lining arteries, taking into account cell shape change resulting in changes in the cell skeleton which cause consequent chemical changes. A second is a project which is building an in silico model of the human liver, tieing together models from the molecular level to the liver. The composite model models glucose regulation in the liver and associated organs. Both projects involve molecular transport, chemical reactions, and complex multiscale systems, tackled by approaches from CAPE. Chemical Engineers solve multiple scale problems in manufacturing processes – from molecular scale through unit operations scale to plant-wide and enterprise wide systems – so have an appropriate skill set for tackling problems in physiology and clinical medicine, in collaboration with life and clinical scientists

Development and application of a self-referencing glucose microsensor for the measurement of glucose consumption by pancreatic ?-cells

Glucose gradients generated by an artificial source and ?-cells were measured using an enzyme-based glucose microsensor, 8-?m tip diameter, as a self-referencing electrode. The technique is based on a difference measurement between two locations in a gradient and thus allows us to obtain real-time flux values with minimal impact of sensor drift or noise. Flux values were derived by incorporation of the measured differential current into Fick's first equation. In an artificial glucose gradient, a flux detection limit of 8.2 ± 0.4 pmol·cm-2·s-1 (mean ± SEM, n = 7) with a sensor sensitivity of 7.0 ± 0.4 pA/mM (mean ± SEM, n = 16) was demonstrated. Under biological conditions, the glucose sensor showed no oxygen dependence with 5 mM glucose in the bulk medium. The addition of catalase to the bulk medium was shown to ameliorate surface-dependent flux distortion close to specimens, suggesting an underlying local accumulation of hydrogen peroxide. Glucose flux from ?-cell clusters, measured in the presence of 5 mM glucose, was 61.7 ± 9.5 fmol·nL-1·s-1 (mean ± SEM, n = 9) and could be pharmacologically modulated. Glucose consumption in response to FCCP (1 ?M) transiently increased, subsequently decreasing to below basal by 93 ± 16 and 56 ± 6%, respectively (mean ± SEM, n = 5). Consumption was decreased after the application of 10 ?M rotenone by 74 ± 5% (mean ± SEM, n = 4). These results demonstrate that an enzyme-based amperometric microsensor can be applied in the self-referencing mode. Further, in obtaining glucose flux measurements from small clusters of cells, these are the first recordings of the real-time dynamic of glucose movements in a biological microenvironment. <br/