Process for the extracting oxygen and iron from iron oxide-containing ores

Oxygen and metallic iron are produced from an iron oxide-containing mineral, such as ilmenite, by extracting iron from the mineral with hydrochloric acid, separating solid residue from the resulting solution and drying same, electrolyzing the separated, iron chloride- containing solution to produce electrolytic iron and chlorine gas, combining the chlorine gas with water recovered from the drying and/or iron chloride-containing solution electrolysis steps of regenerate hydrochloric acid and recycling the hydrochloric acid to the extraction step. In an alternate embodiment, the chlorine gas is reacted with recovered water in the presence of a catalyst to produce hydrochloric acid which is recycled to the extraction step, thereby eliminating the need for water electrolysis and a separate hydrochloric acid regeneration step. In another alternate embodiment, electrolysis of the iron chloride-containing solution is operated to produce oxygen instead of chlorine gas at the anode and hydrochloric acid is generated concurrently with plating of iron at the cathode. This hydrochloric acid is recycled to the extraction step, thereby eliminating the need for water electrolysis and a separate hydrochloric acid regeneration step.https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/patents/1089/thumbnail.jp

Assessment of possible environmental effects of space shuttle operations

The potential of shuttle operations to contribute to atmospheric pollution is investigated. Presented in this interim report are results of the study to date on rocket exhaust inventory, exhaust interactions, dispersion of the ground cloud, detection and measurement of hydrochloric acid and aluminum oxide, environmental effects of hydrochloric acid and aluminum oxide, stratospheric effects of shuttle effluents, and mesospheric and ionospheric effects of orbiter reentry. The results indicate space shuttle operation will not result in adverse environmental effects if appropriate launch constraints are met

Potentiometric investigation of the oxidation of ferrous chloride by oxygen

Effect of various catalyzers, hydrochloric acid, and iron chloride concentrations on oxidation rate of bivalent iron ions at room temperatur

Minimization of spent acid waste from galvanizing plant in Malaysia

Hydrochloric acid is used as pickling acid in galvanizing industry to remove rust from steel. Usage of this acid incurs high expenditure cost when it is disposed as scheduled waste. The importance of this study is to come up with a better way to minimize the cost being spent for hydrochloric acid disposal by optimizing and extending the life span of the hydrochloric acid. The methodology used in this project is by conducting experiment of regeneration of Hydrochloric acid using Kleingarn acid management system, collecting experiment data and calculating the short and long term cost eduction that can be achieved. The results obtained through experimentation shows that acid purchase time has been successfully extended; which in return helps to reduce the fresh hydrochloric acid purchase frequency. Implementation of Kleingarn acid management system helped the acid dumping frequency to be extended. This is a positive result because extension of the acid disposal time also means that lesser spent acid waste are being produced and lesser hazardous waste will be disposed in the future

Hydrochloric Acid Leaching of Cobalt-Rich Ferromanganese Crust using Hydrogen Peroxide and Sodium Sulfite as Reducing Agents

Hydrochloric acid leaching of Co, Ni, Cu, Mn and Fe from the cobalt-rich ferromanganese crust under reducing conditions was performed using hydrogen peroxide and sodium sulfite as reducing agents. Hydrochloric acid concentration more than 3.0 mol/dm3 is required to obtain the high extraction of Co and Ni without reducing agents at ambient temperature. The high extraction of Cu in dilute hydrochloric acid solution without reducing agents at ammbient temperature explains the different form of Cu from other metals present in cobalt-rich ferromanganese crusts. When hydrogen peroxide or sodium sulfite was used as reducing agent, the high extraction of Co and Ni was obtained with dilute hydrochloric acid at ambient temperature. In particular, hydrogen peroxide extracts metals in stoichiometric amounts. The extraction of Ni depends significantly on the leaching temperature, regardless of the presence or absence of reducing agents

До питання захисту від корозії свердловинного обладнання у процесі інтенсифікації видобутку вуглеводнів

сліджено вплив інгібованої соляної кислоти на корозію сталі НКТ марок Д, Е і Р 110 при різних температурах, концентраціях соляної кислоти та інгібіторів. Установлено, що вітчизняний інгібітор корозії Інко К зменшує швидкість корозії сталі в розчинах соляної кислоти нарівні кращих відомих інгібіторів.The influence of inhibited hydrochloric acid on corrosion of D, E and R 110 grades tubing strings steel at different temperatures, concentrations of hydrochloric acid and inhibitors. It was established that Inko К domestic corrosion inhibitor reduces the corrosion rate of steel in solutions of hydrochloric acid at the level of the best known inhibitors

Studies on the preparation of fish silage. 1. Effect of quality of raw material and type of acid

An experiment was undertaken in which silver bellies (Leiognathus splendens) of different quality were used to produce silages using different concentrations of hydrochloric acid and formic acid. The quality and storage life of the various preparations are reported. Silages which keep for at least 30 days can be produced from silver belly held for 3 or 12 hours at 28°C by: 1) reducing the pH by addition of hydrochloric acid; 2) adding 0.5% formic acid and reducing the pH to 3.5 with hydrochloric acid; or 3) adding 2.5% formic acid

Metal etching composition

The present invention is directed to a chemical etching composition for etching metals or metallic alloys. The composition includes a solution of hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, ethylene glycol, and an oxidizing agent. The etching composition is particularly useful for etching metal surfaces in preparation for subsequent fluorescent penetrant inspection

Kualitas Fisik Gelatin Hasil Ekstraksi Kulit Sapi Dengan Lama Perendaman Dan Konsentrasi Asam Klorida (Hcl) Yang Berbed

Gelatin is a compound hydrolysis of collagen fibers. The purpose of this research was to determine the influence of concentration of hydrochloric acid (HCl). and soaking time on the bovine hide making toward physical quality gelatin. The materials were bovine hide, hydrochloric acid and distilled water. Data were statistically analyzed by A Completely Random Design with factorial pattern consist two factors; hydrochloric acid concentration (3% and 5%) and soaking time (4, 8, 12 and 16 hours) with three times replications. Parameters measured were pH, gel strength, yield and viscosity. The result showed that pH, bloom strogh, yield and viscosity, centipoise (cP) of gelatin was 2.70-4.12, 53,33-185,00 g, 18.04-37.93% and 1.49-1,79, respectively. An interaction between hydrochloric acid and soaking time significantly (P˂0.01) influence in following categories: T pH, gel strength, viscosity and yield. It is conclude that the best combination treatments is HCl 3% and 12 hours of soaking soaking

DEVELOPMENT INHIBITOR FOR SALTY ACID PROCESSING THE BORE HOLES

In the article are described the protective effect of different corrosion inhibitors. The possibilities of reducing the corrosiveness of hydrochloric acid were studied.In the article are described the protective effect of different corrosion inhibitors. The possibilities of reducing the corrosiveness of hydrochloric acid were studied