Database Systems - Present and Future

The database systems have nowadays an increasingly important role in the knowledge-based society, in which computers have penetrated all fields of activity and the Internet tends to develop worldwide. In the current informatics context, the development of the applications with databases is the work of the specialists. Using databases, reach a database from various applications, and also some of related concepts, have become accessible to all categories of IT users. This paper aims to summarize the curricular area regarding the fundamental database systems issues, which are necessary in order to train specialists in economic informatics higher education. The database systems integrate and interfere with several informatics technologies and therefore are more difficult to understand and use. Thus, students should know already a set of minimum, mandatory concepts and their practical implementation: computer systems, programming techniques, programming languages, data structures. The article also presents the actual trends in the evolution of the database systems, in the context of economic informatics.database systems - DBS, database management systems – DBMS, database – DB, programming languages, data models, database design, relational database, object-oriented systems, distributed systems, advanced database systems

IFC Classification for FOSS HBIM: Open Issues and a Schema Proposal for Cultural Heritage Assets

: The IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) open format has been developed by BuildingSMART and regularized through ISO standards. It has been implemented into a BIM (Building Information Modeling) informative system for the AEC industry (Architecture Engineering and Construction). The IFC format has changed interoperability processes concerning architectural and technical entities in a semantic way. However, because this standard open format was specifically designed for the modern AEC industry, it may not cater to the demands of cultural heritage assets. Since IFC classification is fundamental for informative systems, it should become a standard also concerning heritage assets, even if nowadays there is no regularized IFC classification for historical existing buildings. Specific cultural heritage peculiarities therefore need semantic classification based on historical asset families. For this reason, this work is based on a proposal and experimental IFC classification implemented inside an HBIM open source software (FreeCAD), whereby limitations of IFC standards can be overcome thanks to the freedom of access to libraries and codes. Moreover, this work is based on IFC objects management outside the platform for interoperability purposes

Security problems of universal data management systems

Стаття присвячена розгляду проблеми безпеки універсальних систем управління даними. Зроблено аналіз та класифікація сучасних систем управління даними за різними критеріями. На основі аналізу літератури та використання досвіду створення корпоративних систем, визначені два підходи до організації універсальних платформ управління даними: використання мультимодельних систем та інтегрованих платформ управління даними. На підставі проведеного аналізу загроз та засобів захисту даних для SQL, NoSQL, NewSQL систем управління базами даних, сховищ даних (Data WareHouse), озер даних (Data Lake) та хмар даних визначені основні підходи до захисту даних кожної категорії продуктів. Визначені сучасні тенденції розвитку технологій управління даними та засобів захисту даних. Саме стрімкий розвиток NoSQL, NewSQL систем і обмін функціональністю між ними призвів до появи систем, що мають функції багатьох класів. Визначено проблеми захисту даних для мультимодельних СУБД та інтегрованих платформ даних та запропоновано шляхи їх подолання. Адже для універсальної платформи управління даними недостатньо простої інтеграції засобів безпеки різних типів систем управління даними, необхідні нові підходи. Для інтегрованих середовищ особливої актуальності набуває підхід Data Centric Security, який орієнтовано на захист критичних даних на всіх етапах їх обробки – від збору і передачі до аналізу і розміщення в сховищах даних. Організація доступу до даних через логічні вітрини даних з використанням семантичних технологій, онтологічних моделей даних забезпечує перетворення набору розрізнених даних в єдиний масив шляхом «віртуалізації даних». Обґрунтовано актуальність та доцільність застосування когнітивних технологій та штучного інтелекту в області інформаційної безпеки, що відкрило нові можливості для створення автоматизованих, «розумних» засобів безпеки систем управління даними. Таким системам притаманна здатність до самоаналізу і конфігурування. Застосування технології машинного навчання дозволяє виявляти слабкі місця в системі безпеки СУБД. Поєднання інтелектуальних рішень безпеки та управління з технологіями баз даних дозволить швидко реагувати на нові виклики в сфері захисту сховищ та озер даних різного типуThe article deals with the security of universal data management systems. The analysis and classification of modern data management systems by different criteria has been made. Based on the analysis of the literature and the experience of creating corporate systems, two approaches to the organization of universal data management systems have been identified: the use of multimodel systems and integrated data management platforms. Based on the analysis of threats and data protection tools for database management systems SQL, NoSQL, NewSQL, Data Warehouse, Data Lake and data clouds, the main approaches to data protection of each product category have been identified. The current trends in the development of data management technologies and data security have been identified. The development of NoSQL, NewSQL systems and the exchange of functionalities between them has led to the development of systems, which have functions of many classes. The problems of data protection for multimodel database management systems and for integrated data platforms have been identified and ways to overcome the identified problems have been suggested. For a universal data management platform, it is not enough to combine security features of different types of DBMS but new approaches are needed. The Data Centric Security approach is suitable for integrated environments; it is focused on protecting critical data at all stages of their processing - from collection and transmission to analysis and deployment in data warehouses. The organization of access to data through logical data marts using semantic technologies, ontological data models provides the transformation of a set of different types of data into a single array by "data virtualization". The article has substantiated the relevance and feasibility of the use of cognitive technologies and artificial intelligence in the field of information security, which opened new opportunities for the creation of automated, "smart" security tools for data management systems. Such systems have the ability to self-analyse and configure. The use of machine learning technology allows to identify weaknesses in the database security system. The combination of intelligent security and management solutions with database technologies will allow developers to respond quickly to new challenges in the protection of integrated data management systems of various type

An object-oriented database methodology for application development with extended relational or object-oriented DBMS : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Computer Science at Massey University

Recently development methodologies have been proposed which describe themselves as "Object Oriented". While all of them offer approaches to extended data and behavioural modelling, none of them seem fully adequate to address the total concept of object-oriented development. They often do not provide constructs which lead to the use of databases, nor do they always recognise the shift from sequential to prototyping style which is inherent in much object-oriented technology. The objective of this thesis is to lay a framework for an object-oriented methodology suitable for OODBMS. Details of conventional methods for developing database applications, and of the recent OO methods, have been examined and compared in order to propose a coherent set of tasks and deliverables. Account has also been taken of designing for re-use, which has been one of the main selling points of the OO approach. The proposed methodology attempts to address related side issues, with particular focus on object concurrency, which seems particularly thinly covered in many of the current proposals. Many other side issues are also mentioned, but due to time constraints, they are not given any further discussion. The topic is an extremely multidisciplinary one, and a very wide range of expertise would be necessary to do justice to all these aspects. Mapping of the new methodology has been tried on two case study examples using Postgres and Ontos. Postgres is an extended relational DBMS developed as a research prototype at University of California, Berkeley. Ontos is the commercial object-oriented DBMS marketed by Ontos Incorporated, Burlington, Massachusetts. Some details of these implementation examples are included

Unified Digital Infrastructure of the Modern Scientific Library on the Basis of Web Technologies

Purpose. Digitization, expansion of the scientific library infomedia and its integration into the global digital space require the creation of a full-fledged, multifunctional Web-oriented ecosystem. The work is aimed at researching rational ways and implementation of separate tools within the framework of an interactive library information system on the basis of Web-technologies, which includes a single API gateway (library site) and combines separate library management systems (LMS). Methodology. The research was conducted on the basis of the Scientific and Technical Library of the Dnipro National University of Railway Transport named after Academician V. Lazaryan (DNURT). We analysed the structure and condition of the existing out-of-dated library information system, based on the technologies of breaking up separate subsystems into separate services. We considered the possibilities and peculiarities of the transition to a single interactive system with the help of a central Web-application, which combines scattered services. This system is integrated into the system of «IRBIS-64» LMS (although any LMS can be used). Attention is focused on the reliability and protection of user data from unauthorized access. Findings. The ways, means and peculiarities of the transition to a full-fledged, multifunctional Web-oriented ecosystem of the DNURT library are explored. The system has its own API-based interface, which allows it to be easily scalable, thanks to the use of the current framework on the basis of Laravel – OctoberCMS. The system has an administrator and user panel. A subsystem – the DB «Publication Profile of University Science» –has been developed to provide the necessary functionality for plugins and applications: 1) for synchronization withScopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar – in Pyhton language; 2) for automated reporting – in C# language for Windows. Originality. The researchers analysed the possibilities and suggested optimal and effective solutions for creating an interactive information system of the library based on Web-technologies, which includes a single API gateway (library site) and combines separate library automation systems. It is proved that the application of the increased level of abstraction using specialized PHP-frameworks and ORM instead of pure SQL allows the developer to focus on the development of a rather complex and at the same time a simple system from the point of view of development, which is sufficiently effective in the absence of time and material resources in the scientific libraries of Ukraine. The performed researches allow to assert about the partial implementation of the «Library 2.0» paradigm requirements in the library of DNURT. Practical value. The offered interactive information system of the scientific library allows to practically abandon the cumbersome and morally outdated IRBIS 64 system in the issues of service for readers (there is an opportunity even to execute orders of printed literature in a personal account, like in user accounts of modern courier services). The developed software that synchronizes with IRBIS in the C# language allows to upload data from the IRBIS LMS to any modern open-source LMS in the future. Realization of possibilities of the subsystem «Publication Profile of University Science» will allow receiving a statistically reliable picture of the publication activity and influence of scientists, departments, university as a whole

Physical rehabilitation based on kinect serious games: ThG therapy game

This thesis presents a serious game platform developed using Unity 3D game Engine and Kinect V2 sensor as a natural user interface. The aim of this work was to provide a tool for objective evaluation of patients’ movements during physiotherapy sessions as well as a pleasant way that may increase patient engagement on training motor rehabilitation exercises. The developed platform based on Kinect V2 sensor detects 3D motion of different body joints and provides data storage capability in a remote database. The platform for patient’s data management during physiotherapy process includes biometric data, some data relevant for physiotherapist related to patient’s clinical history, obtained scores during serious game based training and values of metrics such as the distance between feet during a game, left and right feet usage frequency and execution time for imposed movement associated with game mechanics. A description of technologies and techniques used for development of the platform and some results related to usability of the platform are presented in this thesis.Esta tese apresenta uma plataforma de jogo séria desenvolvida usando o motor de jogo Unity 3D juntamente com o sensor Kinect V2 como uma interface natural de utilizador. O objetivo deste trabalho foi fornecer uma ferramenta para avaliação objetiva dos movimentos dos pacientes durante as sessões de fisioterapia, bem como uma maneira agradá- vel que possa aumentar o envolvimento do paciente nos treinos de reabilitação motora. A plataforma desenvolvida baseada no sensor Kinect V2 deteta o movimento 3D de diferentes articulações do corpo e fornece capacidade de armazenamento de dados em uma base de dados remota. A plataforma que gere só dados do paciente durante o processo de fisioterapia inclui dados biométricos, alguns dados relevantes para fisioterapeuta relacionados com o historial clínico do paciente, pontuações durante o treino e valores de métricas, como a distância entre os pés durante o jogo, o uso do pé esquerdo e direito, frequência e tempo de execução do movimento associado à mecânica do jogo. A tese apresenta a descrição das tecnologias e técnicas utilizadas para o desenvolvimento da plataforma, e alguns resultados relacionados com o uso da plataforma

ПРОБЛЕМИ БЕЗПЕКИ УНІВЕРСАЛЬНИХ ПЛАТФОРМ УПРАВЛІННЯ ДАНИМИ

The article deals with the security of universal data management systems. The analysis and classification of modern data management systems by different criteria has been made. Based on the analysis of the literature and the experience of creating corporate systems, two approaches to the organization of universal data management systems have been identified: the use of multimodel systems and integrated data management platforms. Based on the analysis of threats and data protection tools for database management systems SQL, NoSQL, NewSQL, Data Warehouse, Data Lake and data clouds, the main approaches to data protection of each product category have been identified. The current trends in the development of data management technologies and data security have been identified. The development of NoSQL, NewSQL systems and the exchange of functionalities between them has led to the development of systems, which have functions of many classes. The problems of data protection for multimodel database management systems and for integrated data platforms have been identified and ways to overcome the identified problems have been suggested. For a universal data management platform, it is not enough to combine security features of different types of DBMS but new approaches are needed. The Data Centric Security approach is suitable for integrated environments; it is focused on protecting critical data at all stages of their processing - from collection and transmission to analysis and deployment in data warehouses. The organization of access to data through logical data marts using semantic technologies, ontological data models provides the transformation of a set of different types of data into a single array by "data virtualization". The article has substantiated the relevance and feasibility of the use of cognitive technologies and artificial intelligence in the field of information security, which opened new opportunities for the creation of automated, "smart" security tools for data management systems. Such systems have the ability to self-analyse and configure. The use of machine learning technology allows to identify weaknesses in the database security system. The combination of intelligent security and management solutions with database technologies will allow developers to respond quickly to new challenges in the protection of integrated data management systems of various types.Стаття присвячена розгляду проблеми безпеки універсальних систем управління даними. Зроблено аналіз та класифікація сучасних систем управління даними за різними критеріями. На основі аналізу літератури та використання досвіду створення корпоративних систем, визначені два підходи до організації універсальних платформ управління даними: використання мультимодельних систем та інтегрованих платформ управління даними. На підставі проведеного аналізу загроз та засобів захисту даних для SQL, NoSQL, NewSQL систем управління базами даних, сховищ даних (Data WareHouse), озер даних (Data Lake) та хмар даних визначені основні підходи до захисту даних кожної категорії продуктів. Визначені сучасні тенденції розвитку технологій управління даними та засобів захисту даних. Саме стрімкий розвиток NoSQL, NewSQL систем і обмін функціональністю між ними призвів до появи систем, що мають функції багатьох класів. Визначено проблеми захисту даних для мультимодельних СУБД та інтегрованих платформ даних та запропоновано шляхи їх подолання. Адже для універсальної платформи управління даними недостатньо простої інтеграції засобів безпеки різних типів систем управління даними, необхідні нові підходи. Для інтегрованих середовищ особливої актуальності набуває підхід Data Centric Security, який орієнтовано на захист критичних даних на всіх етапах їх обробки – від збору і передачі до аналізу і розміщення в сховищах даних. Організація доступу до даних через логічні вітрини даних з використанням семантичних технологій, онтологічних моделей даних забезпечує перетворення набору розрізнених даних в єдиний масив шляхом «віртуалізації даних». Обґрунтовано актуальність та доцільність застосування когнітивних технологій та штучного інтелекту в області інформаційної безпеки, що відкрило нові можливості для створення автоматизованих, «розумних» засобів безпеки систем управління даними. Таким системам притаманна здатність до самоаналізу і конфігурування. Застосування технології машинного навчання дозволяє виявляти слабкі місця в системі безпеки СУБД. Поєднання інтелектуальних рішень безпеки та управління з технологіями баз даних дозволить швидко реагувати на нові виклики в сфері захисту сховищ та озер даних різного типу

Visual telemetry transmission in marine environment using Robot Operating System platform

Εθνικό Μετσόβιο Πολυτεχνείο--Μεταπτυχιακή Εργασία. Διεπιστημονικό-Διατμηματικό Πρόγραμμα Μεταπτυχιακών Σπουδών (Δ.Π.Μ.Σ.) “Συστήματα Αυτοματισμού

Diverse intrusion-tolerant database replication

Tese de mestrado em Segurança Informática, apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa, através da Faculdade de Ciências, 2012A combinação da replicação de bases de dados com mecanismos de tolerância a falhas bizantinas ainda é um campo de pesquisa recente com projetos a surgirem nestes últimos anos. No entanto, a maioria dos protótipos desenvolvidos ou se focam em problemas muito específicos, ou são baseados em suposições que são muito difíceis de garantir numa situação do mundo real, como por exemplo ter um componente confiável. Nesta tese apresentamos DivDB, um sistema de replicação de bases de dados diverso e tolerante a intrusões. O sistema está desenhado para ser incorporado dentro de um driver JDBC, o qual irá abstrair o utilizador de qualquer complexidade adicional dos mecanismos de tolerância a falhas bizantinas. O DivDB baseia-se na combinação de máquinas de estados replicadas com um algoritmo de processamento de transações, a fim de melhorar o seu desempenho. Para além disso, no DivDB é possível ligar cada réplica a um sistema de gestão de base de dados diferente, proporcionando assim diversidade ao sistema. Propusemos, resolvemos e implementamos três problemas em aberto, existentes na conceção de um sistema de gestão de base de dados replicado: autenticação, processamento de transações e transferência de estado. Estas características torna o DivDB exclusivo, pois é o único sistema que compreende essas três funcionalidades implementadas num sistema de base de dados replicado. A nossa implementação é suficientemente robusta para funcionar de forma segura num simples sistema de processamento de transações online. Para testar isso, utilizou-se o TPC-C, uma ferramenta de benchmarking que simula esse tipo de ambientes.The combination of database replication with Byzantine fault tolerance mechanism is a recent field of research with projects appearing in the last few years. However most of the prototypes produced are either focused on very specific problems or are based on assumptions that are very hard to accomplish in a real world scenario (e.g., trusted component). In this thesis we present DivDB, a Diverse Intrusion-Tolerant Database Replication system. It is designed to be incorporated inside a JDBC driver so that it abstracts the user from any added complexity from Byzantine Fault Tolerance mechanism. DivDB is based in State Machine Replication combined with a transaction handling algorithm in order to enhance its performance. DivDB is also able to have different database systems connected at each replica, enabling to achieve diversity. We proposed, solved and implemented three open problems in the design of a replicated database system: authentication, transaction handling and state-transfer. This makes DivDB unique since it is the only system that comprises all these three features in a single database replication system. Our implementation is robust enough to operate reliably in a simple Online Transaction Processing system. To test that, we used TPC-C, a benchmark tool that simulates that kind of environments