抗光老化海洋生物活性物质作用机制研究进展

紫外辐射是导致皮肤光老化的主要因素。近年防止紫外线对皮肤的伤害已被大众所重视,探索预防光老化活性物质成为研究热点。海洋是人类巨大的生物资源和物质资源宝库,特殊的环境条件造就了许多具备化妆品功效的海洋生物活性物质。综述阐述了皮肤光老化的外在表现及机制,总结了海洋多糖、酚类化合物、类胡萝卜素、萜类化合物和类菌胞素氨基酸等海洋生物活性物质抗皮肤光老化的保护机制,为其在光保护海洋功能化妆品中的研究和应用提供理论依据。福建省省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2017R1003-13);;福建省海洋与渔业结构调整专项[2015];;闽海洋高新[2016]07

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定水产品中玉米赤霉醇类激素药物残留量

文章建立用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(HPLC-MS/MS)测定水产品中玉米赤霉醇类激素药物残留量的方法。用乙腈提取水产品中6种玉米赤霉醇类药物,正己烷脱脂,氨基固相萃取柱净化。采用电喷雾电离,负离子扫描,选择反应监测模式(SRM)监测,外标法定量。该法对6种玉米赤霉醇类药物标准曲线的线性回归系数均在0.99以上,线性范围0~25μg.kg-1,方法定量限1.0μg.kg-1。6种玉米赤霉醇类激素药物回收率75.9%~103.8%,相对标准偏差3.90%~13.5%。该法简单、灵敏,结果可靠,可满足实验室批量样品分析的需求

Accumulation and elimination of avermectin in perch (Lateolabrax japonicus) muscle

为了解实际养殖过程中使用阿维菌素药物后,鲈(lATEOlAbrAX JAPOnICuS)对阿维菌素的蓄积及消除规律,以指导阿维菌素药物在实际生产中的应用。以毒性试验为基础,在确定96 H半致死质量浓度(lC50)后,以0.25倍lC50,即指导用药量,质量浓度为4 ng·Ml-1,结合实际养殖用药情况,药浴72 H后换水,观察阿维菌素在鲈鱼肌肉组织中的残留与消除规律。文章建立高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定鲈鱼中阿维菌素残留量的方法,并以此法测定鲈鱼肌肉组织中阿维菌素的质量浓度。结果表明,随着药浴时间的延长,鲈鱼肌肉组织中的阿维菌素质量分数逐步增加,在药浴结束时达到峰值8.767μg·kg-1,随后阿维菌素在体内的残留量随消除试验的进行逐渐下降,至第528小时降至检测限以下。To investigate the accumulation and elimination rules of avermectin in perch(Lateolabrax japonicus) muscle during actual breeding process,we determined the median lethal concentration in 96 h as 4 ng·mL-1 based on a toxicity test,and exposed the perch to 4 ng·mL-1 of avermectin for 72 h,and then transfered the solution into seawater.Thus,we develop a method by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to determine avermectin in perch muscle.The results show that the avermectin concentration in perch muscle gradually increases with passing medicated bath time,and reaches the peak of 8.767·kg-1 at the end of the medicated bath.Later,the avermectin in perch muscle gradually decreases and reduces below the detection limit at 528th hour.福建省海洋与渔业厅重点项目(KJXH-2010-007); 国家星火计划项目(2011GA72001

胶原特性及其制备方法研究进展

本文阐述了胶原、明胶和胶原多肽三者的概念和不同点,介绍了胶原的结构以及Ⅰ型胶原和Ⅱ型胶原的差异,总结了胶原的七种制备方法,并对各种制备方法的优缺点进行分析,为水产动物资源制备胶原提供参考。福建省海洋生物增养殖与高值化利用重点实验室(361013);;福建省海洋生物资源开发利用协同创新中心(361013

皱纹盘鲍内脏脂质对人肝癌细胞HepG2脂质调节作用研究

本研究探讨了皱纹盘鲍(Haliotis discus hannai)内脏脂质(Haliotis discus hannai visceral lipid,HDHL)对人肝癌细胞HepG2的脂质代谢的影响,对HDHL脂肪酸成分、HepG2细胞活性、细胞内胆固醇和甘油三酯含量以及脂肪...海洋公益性行业科研专项(201405016

皱纹盘鲍内脏脂质对人肝癌细胞HepG2脂质调节作用研究

本研究探讨了皱纹盘鲍(Haliotis discus hannai)内脏脂质(Haliotis discus hannai visceral lipid,HDHL)对人肝癌细胞HepG2的脂质代谢的影响,对HDHL脂肪酸成分、HepG2细胞活性、细胞内胆固醇和甘油三酯含量以及脂肪酸代谢相关mRNA基因的表达情况进行了研究。研究发现HDHL中不饱和脂肪酸占总脂肪酸含量59.50%,其中多不饱和脂肪酸占29.71%。HDHL与HepG2细胞共孵培养24 h及48 h后,浓度为0～240μg/mL的HDHL对HepG2细胞无毒性影响。30～240μg/mL HDHL可显著降低HepG2总胆固醇含量,30～120μg/mL HDHL共孵HepG2细胞后,细胞内甘油三酯含量显著降低。qPCR结果显示HDHL可显著降低HepG2细胞脂肪酸合成相关基因SREBP1c、ACC1、FAS和脂肪酸转运吸收相关基因CD36 mRNA水平的表达,提高线粒体脂肪酸氧化基因CPT1的表达。因此,HDHL可能通过抑制脂肪酸合成和脂肪酸转运,增强线粒体中脂肪酸氧化等途径有效调节细胞脂质代谢,该研究为脂质调节功能食品的开发提供理论依据。海洋公益性行业科研专项(201405016

皱纹盘鲍HdhTPX2基因在毕赤酵母中的表达及抗氧化活性研究

为研究皱纹盘鲍Haliotis discus hannai Ino硫氧还蛋白过氧化物酶（TPX2）蛋白的抗氧化活性,将HdhTPX2基因克隆至pPIC9K载体,通过电击转化至毕赤酵母GS115菌株中,获得重组表达质粒pPIC9K-HdhTPX2,经甲醇诱导及亲和层析纯化得到重组HdhTPX2蛋白,并进行质谱鉴定及体外抗氧化功能检测。结果表明:本研究中成功构建了重组毕赤酵母菌株GS115/pPIC9K-HdhTPX2,经表达条件的优化,在pH为7的培养基中用0.5%甲醇诱导表达72 h,分泌表达上清液中得到相对分子质量约为25 000的稳定表达产物,纯化后的蛋白经质谱鉴定为目的蛋白;体外活性测定发现,该蛋白清除羟自由基（·OH）能力强于维生素C,并对H2O2引起的细胞损伤具有一定的保护作用。研究表明,皱纹盘鲍硫氧还蛋白过氧化物酶HdhTPX2在毕赤酵母表达系统中得到高效表达,重组表达产物具有抗氧化活性功能。福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2017J01041);;\n国家海洋公益性行业科研专项(201405016);;\n福建省海洋生物增养殖与高值化利用重点实验室开放课题(2015fjscq04

Detection of inorganic arsenic in algae by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

建立了基于分子量测定海藻中无机砷含量的新方法——电喷雾质谱法。探讨了提取方法、溶液PH、还原剂、螯合剂、提取剂、质谱仪参数等实验条件对实验准确度、灵敏度的影响。在优化条件下,AS(Ⅲ)的线性范围为0~151.4 ng/Ml,AS(V)的线性范围为0~175.0 ng/Ml,相关线性回归系数均在0.99以上,方法检出限(S/n>3)0.024 Mg/kg,方法定量限(S/n>10)0.048 Mg/kg。实验在不同浓度下加标回收率为81.0%~95.6%,相对标准偏差为2.52%~7.54%。该方法简单,灵敏度高,重现性好,避免了有机砷引起的假阳性现象,适用于海藻中无机砷的测定,可为海藻中无机砷监督检验提供有力技术支撑。A new method based on molecular mass for rapid determination of inorganic arsenic in algae by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry was developed.Several conditions affecting accuracy and sensitivity such as extraction method,pH of solvent,reductant,chelating agent,extractant and instrument parameters were studied.Under the optimum conditions,the calibration curve of As( Ⅲ) was linear in the range of 0-151.4 ng /mL,the calibration curve of As( Ⅴ) was linear in the range of 0- 175.0 ng /mL,and the correlation coefficients were all above 0.99.The limit of detection( S /N > 3) was 0.024 mg /kg and the limit of quantitation( S /N > 10) was 0.048 mg /kg.The recoveries at different spiked concentration levels ranged from 81.0% to 95.6% with relative standard deviations( 2.52%- 7.54%).This method is simple,of high sensitivity and good reproducibility,without interference of organic arsenic.It can be applied to analyze inorganic arsenic in algae and can provide technological support for food safety management.福建省自然科学基金面上项目(2010J01020); 厦门市科技局项目(3502z2011201); 福建省海洋与渔业厅项目(KJXH-2010-007); 石狮市重点项目(2010SN04

Monitoring

利用不同空间分辨率、多时相卫星遥感数据,对2007—2010年间黄海、东海发生的绿潮(大型绿藻———浒苔)进行了监测与评估。江苏北部浅滩沿岸水体浑浊,浒苔在该海域中光谱混合现象严重,高空间分辨率的遥感影像有利于其检测;在水体极浑浊的射阳河口检测到的浒苔离岸最近距离为1 km左右。反演结果表明,浒苔在5月初会沿苏北沿岸流向南漂移、影响东海海域;随着东亚夏季季风的加强,浒苔主要漂向南黄海并影响山东半岛邻近海域;在有利的风和海流作用下,亦可横跨黄海、影响朝鲜半岛南部邻近海域。 &nbsp

鱼油的绿色制备工艺、标准规范 及营养功效研究进展Progress on green preparation process, standard specifications and nutritional efficacy of fish oil

鱼油富含ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸、维生素A、维生素D和天然色素等营养物质，具有多种营养功效。为促进我国鱼油产业的绿色可持续发展，保障产品质量安全，结合国内外研究进展，分别从鱼油的绿色制备工艺、标准规范和营养功效等方面进行综述，梳理了应用于鱼油生产的水酶法、超临界流体萃取法、超声辅助提取法、微波辅助提取法等绿色制备工艺，基于国内外鱼油相关的标准规范，阐述了鱼油的基本成分和质量指标、污染物限量和添加剂限量等，探讨了鱼油在预防心血管疾病、抗炎和预防脑部疾病方面的营养功效，并针对鱼油应用中存在的问题进行了分析和展望。未来应深入研究鱼油制备新工艺，完善相关标准规范，并进一步探究其生物活性机制。 Fish oil is rich in nutrients such as omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFA), vitamin A/D and natural pigments, and has a variety of nutritional efficacy. To promote the green and sustainable development of the fish oil industry of China and ensure the safety and quality of fish oil products, the green preparation process, standard specifications and nutritional efficacy of fish oil were reviewed based on recent progresses at home and abroad. Several green preparation processes, including aqueous enzymatic extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction methods were analyzed. Based on the relevant standard specifications of fish oil at home and abroad, the basic components and quality indicators, pollutant limits, and additive limits of fish oil were elaborated. The nutritional efficacy of fish oil in preventing cardiovascular diseases, anti-inflammation and preventing brain diseases were investigated, and the issues present in the application of fish oil were analyzed and prospected. In the future, it is necessary to conduct extensive research on the development of new preparation process for fish oil, as well as to improve the related standard specifications. Furthermore, it is essential to explore the biological activity mechanisms of fish oil in greater depth