The Relationship between Patient Safety Climate and Medical Error Reporting Rate among Iranian Hospitals Using a Structural Equation Modeling

BACKGROUND: Improving patient safety is a global health imperative, and patient safety climate is one of the components one that plays an important role in promoting patient safety. Medical error reporting is a way through which it can be evaluated and prevented in the future. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between patient safety climate and medical error reporting in military and civilian hospitals.METHODS: This research was conducted by using structural equation modeling in the selected hospitals of Iran in 2018. The study community consisted of 200 nurses in the military and 400 nurses in the civilian hospitals. By using Structural Equation Modeling, the relationship between patient safety climate and the rate of medical error reporting in the hospitals was measured by a questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS 17 and LISREL 8.8 software.RESULTS: The mean score of patient safety climate was moderate in the hospitals. There was no significant relationship between the rate of medical error reporting and patient safety climate, while a significant difference was found between patient safety climate score and age, sex, job category, and type of hospital (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: The results suggested that patient safety climate and the rate of reporting errors were not favorable in the studied hospitals, while there was a difference between safety climate dimensions

The relationship between job involvement and demographic characteristics in nurses in hospitals of Tehran and Kerman in 2013

Background and aim: Nowadays, job involvement is introduced as an important factor in the effectiveness of the organization, so that the high job involvement will increase the effectiveness of the organization. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between job involvement and demographic characteristics of the nurses. Methods: In this cross - sectional descriptive-analytic study, 436 nurses from hospitals in Tehran and Kerman in 2013 were recruited by convenience sampling. The Job Involvement Questionnaire was used for data collection. The cutoff point for job involvement score was 40 and the relationship between job involvement and demographic characteristics of the nurses was evaluated. Results: Most the average age of participating nurses in the study 31-40 years. The mean score of job involvement was 36.07± 10.02. Among the demographic characteristics, in terms of gender, men had higher job involvement than women (P=0.01). Also, the job involvement of nurses in military hospitals was higher than civilian hospitals (P0.05). Conclusion: According to the low scores of job involvement, attention to the effective factors and motivation factors in environment variables to improve nurses' job involvement is recommended

Burst Out of the Dead Land by the Help of Spirituality: A Case Study of Living with Blindness and Cancer

Blindness is one of the most complex problems related to health throughout the world. The condition is worse when such stress is accompanied with cancer. The aim of this case study was to introduce a patient with both these conditions who could come over her problems well. A phenomenological hermeneutic approach influenced by Ricoeur was used to explore the experience of the patient. Data were collected through unstructured and deep interview and by checking patient medical records. The patient is an Iranian 58-year-old teacher residing in Kerman who became blind at age 32 due to bloodshed inside the eye and was affected by breast cancer at age 52. The patient could come over these divine tests through the help of spirituality so that she believed blindness and cancer was the best events in her life. Spirituality is one of the human aspects that give meaning and purposes to life. Health care providers are suggested to implement spiritual strategies such as instructional workshops for increasing spirituality in settings, such as oncologic wards for patients to pass stages of adaptation to such great stresses easily and rapidly

Comparison of the Effect of Traditional and Mannequin-Based Simulation Teaching of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation on Knowledge and Practice of Emergency Medicine Students

Background & Objective: Nursing care in terms of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) requires education that causes a better and deep learning of the science and practical skills. The current study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effect of traditional and mannequin-based simulation teaching of CPR on knowledge and practice of emergency medicine students. Methods: This experimental study was conducted using intervention and control groups and pre-test and post-test. The students were randomly divided into two groups of 15 individuals. In the experimental group, the students were trained through mannequin-based stimulation. In the control group, traditional CPR training method was used. The scientific knowledge and skills of the participants were assessed in three stages of before the study, at the end of the semester, and 4 months after the intervention using a researcher-made questionnaire and checklist. The collected data were analyzed using t-test and repeated measurement test. Results: The results showed no significant difference between the mean and standard deviation of the theory test and practical skill assessment in the control and intervention group before the study (P > 0.05). At the end of the semester, the scores of the control group were, respectively, 14.86 ± 1.92 and 22.53 ± 1.84, and of the intervention group were, respectively, 14.80 ± 1.69 and 34.80 ± 5.05. There was only a significant difference between the two groups in the practical test score (P = 0.001). Four months after the intervention, scores of the control group were 10.33 ± 3.26 and 19.4 ± 2.13 and of the intervention group were 11.86 ± 1.88 and 34.80 ± 5.05, respectively. Yet again, only the practical test score showed significant difference between two groups (P = 0.001). Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, it is suggested that the mannequin-based stimulation method of teaching be used for training emergency medicine students. Key Words: Simulation, Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), Motor skills, Student, Knowledge, Educatio

Relationship between spiritual health with stress, anxiety and depression in patients with chronic diseases

Introduction: Stress, anxiety and depression are common in people with chronic diseases. There is a close relationship between spiritual health and mental health. Various cultural factors such as religious and spiritual beliefs can have significant effects on the prevalence of stress, anxiety and depression in patients with chronic diseases. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between spiritual health and stress, anxiety and depression in patients with chronic diseases. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 360 patients with chronic disease were selected by convenience sampling method in Pasteur Hospital of Bam. Data collection questionnaires included demographic information form, DASS-21 standard questionnaire for stress, anxiety and depression and 20-item spiritual health questionnaire by Palutzian and Ellison. Data were analyzed by SPSS using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (chi-square and Pearson correlation). Results: The level of spiritual health score was medium to high (80.62) and the mean scores of stress, anxiety and depression were (10.58), (6.70) and (7.32) respectively. The majority of patients had moderate levels of stress and depression and severe anxiety. There was a reverse relationship between overall score of spiritual health dimensions and stress, anxiety and depression. Conclusion: Spiritual health has a significant effect on coping with disease and recovery from illness. Mental health indicators are highly dependent to spiritual health. Identifying the spiritual needs of patients and apply appropriate care methods can reduce the complications of mental disorders in chronic patients

Nurses’ viewpoints on incivility in nursing in Iran

Background: Incivility behaviors in work environments are a serious threat and lead to shame and endanger the health of nurses and patients. Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate nurses' viewpoints on Incivility behaviors in clinical setting in Bam University of Medical Sciences. Method: This descriptive cross-sectional study was done on 221 nurses working in Pasteur Hospital in Bam. Data were collected through a demographic questionnaire and Nursing Incivility Scale by census sampling after obtaining the consent of the participants. Data were analyzed by SPSS 19 software using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Bonferroni post hoc and Spearman correlation tests with 95% confidence interval. Result: The results of this study showed that the mean score of uncivil behavior among nurses was 85.99 ± 27.26. The most uncivil behaviors in nurses were related to interaction with patients and visitors (20.79 ± 8.01), and the lowest uncivil behavior was related to interaction with supervisors (13.46 ± 6.29). Results indicated that nurses experience moderate levels of Incivility. Conclusion: Religious differences as one of the determinants of the occurrence of Incivility can lead to job pressures and job dissatisfaction. Therefore, specific attention should be paid to the factors that lead to the emergence of uncivil behavior in nurses' work environment. With training of religiosity, the strengthening of religious beliefs and religious conciliatory, it is possible to reduce the incidence of uncivil behaviors

The relationship between cultural sensitivity and levels of work interaction among emergency medical services staff in Iran

Introduction: Proper implementation of primary medical care requires appropriate interaction between personnel and the patient. Cultural sensitivity refers to acceptance, openness, and respect for colleagues and patients, regardless of their culture and ethnicity. Due to the importance of cultural sensitivity in emergency medical services (EMS), this study aimed to investigate the status of intercultural sensitivity among EMS staff and its relationship with their levels of work interaction in the workplace. Materials and Methods: This study is a descriptive-correlational study conducted in 2022 with the participation of the EMS staff of Bam University of Medical Sciences. Data were collected through the workforce diversity questionnaire (WDQ-II), and the multicultural sensitivity scale (MSS) by stratified random sampling. Content validity was determined using the opinions of experts and specialists, and the reliability of the tools was assessed using the test–retest method. Findings: This study showed that intercultural sensitivity among EMS staff was not significantly different from the mean score, but work interaction was significantly higher than the mean. The Pearson correlation coefficient test results also indicated a significant inverse correlation between intercultural sensitivity and work interaction. Conclusion: According to the findings, to reduce intercultural sensitivity, it is necessary to familiarize people with each other and transfer information on and awareness of different cultures in the region to the personnel. Therefore, it seems logical that improvement of the interaction between the treatment team, especially among staff of emergency medical services, should receive more attention as one of the factors affecting patient safety and care