Canada in a Climate Disrupted World

Climate change has already begun impacting economies and societies across the globe, and its impacts are expected to increase into the future. Adaptation to climate change is and will continue to be one of the greatest policy challenges facing the Canadian government. However, im- portant and much-needed work on understanding the future of climate change has not yet been completed. Gaps remain in the body of academic, government, and other policy-relevant publications. Specifically, there is a relative paucity of research done on the indirect impacts of climate change on Canada. These external impacts outside of Canada’s borders may have second-order effects, the implications of which have thus far remained largely unexplored. In this report, we identify key issue areas which are currently or potentially affected by these indirect impacts. We also undergo a thorough literature review, and locate areas in which further data re- search is required

La (in)visibilización de la diversidad de género en el desarrollo curricular de la formación docente inicial de Tucumán

Este artículo presenta avances de una investigación que indaga concepciones sobre género y diversidad sexual presentes en diseños curriculares y escenarios educativos de la formación docente inicial de la provincia de Tucumán, así como las tensiones que estas concepciones producen en el curriculum formal, el oculto y el vivido por los/as estudiantes. Adopta, como marco interpretativo, conceptos de las teorías críticas del curriculum en articulación con una perspectiva de género. Se pretende responder, entre otras, las siguientes preguntas: ¿Cuáles son las nociones (y contradicciones) en torno al género y a la diversidad que aparecen en los diferentes planos del curriculum y en los distintos momentos del desarrollo curricular de la formación docente? ¿Qué sentidos y disputas moviliza, en las carreras de profesorado, la obligatoriedad del tratamiento de temáticas de género y diversidad a partir de la Ley de Educación Sexual Integral? ¿Cómo se visibiliza/invisibiliza la diversidad sexual en la formación docente y cómo esto impacta en los otros niveles de la educación? Con esto, se pretende examinar vicisitudes, contradicciones y condiciones de posibilidad para la implementación de una Educación Sexual Integral en todos los niveles del sistema y desde un enfoque de género y derechos humanos. Actualmente el estudio se encuentra en la etapa de recolección, sistematización e interpretación de datos, luego de haber concluido una etapa exploratoria en tres instituciones seleccionadas. Los datos se recogen mediante observación de documentos oficiales, entrevistas en profundad y grupos focales de discusión y se organizan en categorías y dimensiones de análisis que son desentrañadas y puestas en diálogo con marcos teóricos que permiten aproximar interpretaciones y formular nuevas preguntas

AeroStat: NASA Giovanni Tool for Statistical Intercomparison of Aerosols

No abstract availabl

Brief Report: Excitatory and Inhibitory Brain Metabolites as Targets of Motor Cortex Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Therapy and Predictors of Its Efficacy in Fibromyalgia

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/110535/1/art38945.pd

Identification of a humanized mouse model for functional testing of immune-mediated biomaterial foreign body response.

Biomedical devices comprise a major component of modern medicine, however immune-mediated fibrosis and rejection can limit their function over time. Here, we describe a humanized mouse model that recapitulates fibrosis following biomaterial implantation. Cellular and cytokine responses to multiple biomaterials were evaluated across different implant sites. Human innate immune macrophages were verified as essential to biomaterial rejection in this model and were capable of cross-talk with mouse fibroblasts for collagen matrix deposition. Cytokine and cytokine receptor array analysis confirmed core signaling in the fibrotic cascade. Foreign body giant cell formation, often unobserved in mice, was also prominent. Last, high-resolution microscopy coupled with multiplexed antibody capture digital profiling analysis supplied spatial resolution of rejection responses. This model enables the study of human immune cell-mediated fibrosis and interactions with implanted biomaterials and devices

Presynaptic monoaminergic vesicles in Parkinson's disease and normal aging

We present development and human application of a method for determining the regional cerebral density of the type 2 vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT2) using positron emission tomography (PET) and [ 11 C]dihydrotetrabenazine (DTBZ). Previous animal studies indicate striatal VMAT2 density is linearly related to the integrity of substantia nigra dopamine neurons and is not subject to drug-or lesion-compensatory regulation. In the present studies, kinetic compartmental modeling was employed to estimate blood-brain [ 11 C]DTBZ transport ( K 1 ,) and VMAT2 binding site density (tissue-to-plasma DTBZ distribution volume, DV )from the cerebral and plasma DTBZ time courses her intravenous tracer injection. In controls, we found reductions of putamen DTBZ DV with advancing age, corresponding to losses of 0.77% per year in specific VMAT2 binding. Parkinson's disease (PD) patients had reduction in specific DTBZ DV in the putamen (−61%) and in the caudate nucleus (−43%). There was no overlap of lowest specific putamen DTBZ DV between individual elderly controls and PD patients. The present results indicate the suitability of [ 11 C]DTBZ PET for objective quantification of nigrostriatal integrity, including evaluation of PD progression and its possible therapeutic modification.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/50362/1/410400609_ftp.pd

TEDH y gestación por sustitución

Grado en Derecho. Derecho Internacional Privado Grupo II, 2020-201[ES]Cuando hablamos de gestación por sustitución, observamos que existe una denominación muy variada acerca del tema que hacen referencia a un mismo fenómeno: gestación por sustitución, maternidad subrogada, gestación subrogada, etc. Si bien, de conformidad con la Real Academia Española la gestación por sustitución es definida como el embarazo en el que media un contrato en virtud del cual, la gestante renuncia a la declaración de maternidad del hijo en favor del reconocimiento de la filiación biológica de otras personas, los padres comitentes o intencionales. Si observamos las definiciones que da la doctrina acerca de la gestación por sustitución, todas ellas van a coincidir en la existencia de una serie de aspectos: de un contrato entre las partes, de una gestante, de un progenitor o unos progenitores legales, y de una entrega del bebé cuando finaliza el proceso. Por lo tanto, podemos considerar que estos elementos encuadran la base de la gestación por sustitución

Regulation of Progranulin Expression in Human Microglia and Proteolysis of Progranulin by Matrix Metalloproteinase-12 (MMP-12)

Background: The essential role of progranulin (PGRN) as a neurotrophic factor has been demonstrated by the discovery that haploinsufficiency due to GRN gene mutations causes frontotemporal lobar dementia. In addition to neurons, microglia in vivo express PGRN, but little is known about the regulation of PGRN expression by microglia. Goal: In the current study, we examined the regulation of expression and function of PGRN, its proteolytic enzyme macrophage elastase (MMP-12), as well as the inhibitor of PGRN proteolysis, secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), in human CNS cells. Methods: Cultures of primary human microglia and astrocytes were stimulated with the TLR ligands (LPS or poly IC), Th1 cytokines (IL-1/IFNc), or Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-13). Results were analyzed by Q-PCR, immunoblotting or ELISA. The roles of MMP-12 and SLPI in PGRN cleavage were also examined. Results: Unstimulated microglia produced nanogram levels of PGRN, and PGRN release from microglia was suppressed by the TLR ligands or IL-1/IFNc, but increased by IL-4 or IL-13. Unexpectedly, while astrocytes stimulated with proinflammatory factors released large amounts of SLPI, none were detected in microglial cultures. We also identified MMP-12 as a PGRN proteolytic enzyme, and SLPI as an inhibitor of MMP-12-induced PGRN proteolysis. Experiments employing PGRN siRNA demonstrated that microglial PGRN was involved in the cytokine and chemokine production following TLR3/4 activation