A Further Examination of the Distinction Between Dependency-Oriented and Achievement-Oriented Parental Psychological Control: Psychometric Properties of the DAPCS with French-Speaking Late Adolescents

Psychological control refers to parental behaviors that intrude on the psychological and emotional development of the child. In 2010, Soenens et al. proposed a distinction between two domain-specific expressions of psychological control, that is, Dependency-oriented Psychological Control (DPC) and Achievement-oriented Psychological Control (APC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the factor structure, reliability, and convergent validity of the French form of the Dependency-oriented and Achievement-oriented Psychological Control Scale (DAPCS; Soenens et al. in J Pers 78(1):217-256, 2010) in a sample of late adolescents (N=291, mean age=21.65). Confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the hypothesized two-factor solution of the DAPCS for paternal as well as for maternal ratings. Moreover, high indices of internal consistency indicated that both subscales produced reliable scores. Further, convergent validity was confirmed by theoretically consistent associations between the DAPCS' subscales and well-established assessments of general parenting style dimensions. Finally, results evidenced gender specific patterns supporting the relevance of domain differentiation in the assessment of psychological control. Overall, the results of this study indicated that the French form of the DAPCS might be a useful instrument to assess two domain-specific types of parental psychological control among French-speaking adolescent

Relations entre profils identitaires et profils motivationnels au lycée

International audienceLes années lycées correspondent aux années importantes en termes d'explorations et de choix dans des domaines qui comptent pour la construction identitaire (qui suis-je, qu'est-ce que je vaux, où vais-je ? etc). La motivation intrinsèque ou l'autodétermination (intégration d'une régulation externe de la motivation) des élèves sont des facteurs de réussite scolaire (Vallerand, Fortier & Guay (1997). De nombreux travaux menés auprès de lycéens ou de collégiens ont étudiés la présence de profils d'élèves autodéterminés ou non autodéterminés (Ratelle, Guay, Vallerand, Larose et Senecal, 2007). Dans le cadre d'une étude exploratoire, notre objectif est de définir chez les lycéens des profils motivationnels et d'étudier la façon dont ceux-ci se caractérisent du point de vue des statuts identitaires et du niveau d'autodétermination. L'échantillon de population est constitué de 427 lycéens scolarisés en Terminale dans des établissements des villes de Toulouse, Bordeaux et Grenoble (moyenne d'âge =16.84, ET= .87 ; 62.3% filles). Les dimensions identitaires sont évaluées à partir de la version française de la DIDS (Dimension of Identity Development Scale - Luyckx et al., 2008) validée par notre équipe (Zimmermann et al., EARA 2012) et les profils motivationnels à partir de l'échelle de motivation dans les études (EME-U28) de Vallerand et al. (1989). A partir d'une analyse en clusters nous identifions 4 profils allant de la motivation complète à l'a-motivation. Le croisement entre les profils motivationnels et le genre et les profils identitaires (statuts et processus) montrent des associations significatives. Par exemple, les garçons et les identités diffuses (en particulier les diffus insouciants) se retrouvent plutôt dans la classe des amotivés. Le croisement des clusters motivationnels et identitaires, en nous permettant de disposer à la fois des caractéristiques de la motivation, de l'identité et du genre, nous amène à identifier des profils d'élèves à risque de décrochage

Eating and weight related cognitions in people with Schizophrenia : A case control study

BACKGROUND: Patients with antipsychotic-induced weight gain (WG) regularly report on unsuccessful dietary trials, which suggests strong biological weight gain drive that is extremely hard to overcome with thoughts, such that behaviour doesn't change despite some intent to change. The purpose of the present study was to assess cognitions specifically related to restrained eating in severely overweight patients with schizophrenia treated with antipsychotic drugs. METHODS: Forty outpatients with schizophrenia and 40 controls without psychiatric disability were included. Both groups were composed of one subgroup severely overweight (defined as a BMI > 28), and a comparison sample (BMI<28). The revised version of the Mizes Anorectic cognitive questionnaire (MAC-R) was used in this cross-sectional case-control study. RESULTS: Gender was significantly related to eating disorders cognition, women scoring higher than men. Patients with schizophrenia in general scored higher on the MAC-R total scale and on the MAC-R subscale 2, the latter score representing rigid weight regulation and fear of weight gain. When comparing the two groups of subjects with BMI < 28, it appeared that patients with schizophrenia also scored higher on MAC-R total scale, the subscales 2 and 3, the latter subscale 3, indicating altered self control and self-esteem. CONCLUSION: As is the case in weight gain of subjects without schizophrenia, the present results suggest that the cognitive distortions, as assessed by the MAC-R, may play an important role in weight gain also in patients with schizophrenia, and in weight gain associated with antipsychotic pharmacotherapy. Particular attention to these processes may help to improve the management of antipsychotic drugs induced weight gain

Does General Parenting Context Modify Adolescents' Appraisals and Coping with a Situation of Parental Regulation? The Case of Autonomy-Supportive Parenting

Theory and research suggest that adolescents differ in their appraisals and coping reactions in response to parental regulation. Less is known, however, about factors that determine these differences in adolescents’ responses. In this study, we examined whether adolescents' appraisals and coping reactions depend upon parents’ situation-specific autonomy-supportive or controlling communication style (i.e., the situation) in interaction with adolescents’ past experiences with general autonomy-supportive parenting (i.e., the parenting context). Whereas in Study 1 (N = 176) adolescents’ perceived general autonomy-supportive parenting context was assessed at one point in time, in Study 2 (N = 126) it was assessed multiple times across a 6-year period, allowing for an estimation of trajectories of perceived autonomy-supportive parenting context. In each study, adolescents read a vignette-based scenario depicting a situation of maternal regulation (i.e., a request to study more), which was communicated in either an autonomy-supportive or a controlling way. Following this scenario, they reported upon their appraisals and their anticipated coping reactions. Results of each study indicated that both the autonomy-supportive (relative to the controlling) situation and the perceived autonomy-supportive parenting context generally related to more positive appraisals (i.e., more autonomy need satisfaction, less autonomy need frustration), as well as to more constructive coping responses (i.e., less oppositional defiance and submission, more negotiation and accommodation). In addition, situation × context interactions were found, whereby adolescents growing up in a more autonomy-supportive context seemed to derive greater benefits from the exposure to an autonomy-supportive situation and reacted more constructively to a controlling situation

Chapitre 14. La prévention et l’intervention psychologique auprès des adolescents

Things do not change, we change (Henry David Thoreau) L’adolescence est aujourd’hui souvent perçue comme une période de transition où l’individu est confronté à des changements et des réaménagements importants qui vont lui permettre de s’inscrire dans la vie d’adulte. Dans le monde occidental, la deuxième décennie de la vie est très souvent associée à la notion de « crise ». Cette référence à la crise permet en général de souligner l’extraordinaire diversité et intensité des changemen..