Light element abundances in He-rich stars

We present an abundance analysis of light elements in He-rich stars. The analysis is based on both low and high resolution observations collected at ESO, La Silla, Chile in the optical region and includes 6 standards and 21 He-rich stars. Light-element abundances display a diverse pattern: they range from under-solar up to above-solar values.Comment: 4 pages, no figure, to appear in: Proc. of the 26th workshop of the European Working Group on CP stars, eds. P. North, A. Schnell and J. Ziznovsky, Contrib. Astr. Obs. Skalnate Pleso Vol. 27, No

Search for vertical helium abundance in He-rich star

Abstract. Based on high-resolution spectra the helium vertical stratification in He-r stars was studied. Fully consistent NLTE and LTE models altogether with available photometry were used to derive basic stellar parameters as well as the relation for stellar luminosity. Study of the helium 402.6 nm transition long ward-wing revealed several candidates for the stratification amongst 1 standard and 5 He-r stars. The search gives the support to helium settlement within narrow interval of depth-mass-variable above local continuum forming region, and helium enlargement according to line central depth in several cases. The HeI 400.9 nm transition deserves up-date profile tables in the temperature-pressure plane

Neutron-induced background in the CONUS experiment

CONUS is a novel experiment aiming at detecting elastic neutrino nucleus scattering in the fully coherent regime using high-purity Germanium (Ge) detectors and a reactor as antineutrino ($\bar\nu$) source. The detector setup is installed at the commercial nuclear power plant in Brokdorf, Germany, at a very small distance to the reactor core in order to guarantee a high flux of more than 10$^{13}\bar\nu$/(s$\cdot$cm$^2$). For the experiment, a good understanding of neutron-induced background events is required, as the neutron recoil signals can mimic the predicted neutrino interactions. Especially neutron-induced events correlated with the thermal power generation are troublesome for CONUS. On-site measurements revealed the presence of a thermal power correlated, highly thermalized neutron field with a fluence rate of (745$\pm$30)cm$^{-2}$d$^{-1}$. These neutrons that are produced by nuclear fission inside the reactor core, are reduced by a factor of $\sim$10$^{20}$ on their way to the CONUS shield. With a high-purity Ge detector without shield the $\gamma$-ray background was examined including highly thermal power correlated $^{16}$N decay products as well as $\gamma$-lines from neutron capture. Using the measured neutron spectrum as input, it was shown, with the help of Monte Carlo simulations, that the thermal power correlated field is successfully mitigated by the installed CONUS shield. The reactor-induced background contribution in the region of interest is exceeded by the expected signal by at least one order of magnitude assuming a realistic ionization quenching factor of 0.2.Comment: 28 pages, 28 figure

X-ray Evidence of the Common Envelope Phase of V471 Tauri

Chandra Low Energy Transmission Grating Spectrograph observations of the pre-cataclysmic binary V471 Tau have been used to estimate the C/N abundance ratio of the K dwarf component for the first time. While the white dwarf component dominates the spectrum longward of 50 AA, at shorter wavelengths the observed X-ray emission is entirely due to coronal emission from the K dwarf. The H-like resonance lines of C and N yield an estimate of their logarithmic abundance ratio relative to the Sun of [C/N]=-0.38+/-0.15 - half of the currently accepted solar value. We interpret this result as the first clear observational evidence for the presumed common envelope phase of this system, during which the surface of the K dwarf was contaminated by CN-cycle processed material dredged up into the red giant envelope. We use the measured C/N ratio to deduce that 0.015-0.04 Msun was accreted by the K dwarf while engulfed, and show that this is consistent with a recent tentative detection of 13C in the K dwarf photosphere, and with the measured Li abundance in the scenario where the red giant companion was Li-rich during the common envelope phase.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, ApJL accepte

The Carina-Near Moving Group

We identify a group of ~20 co-moving, mostly southern hemisphere, ~200 Myr old stars near Earth. Of the stars likely to be members of this Carina-Near Moving Group, in either its nucleus (~30 pc from Earth) or surrounding stream, all but 3 are plausible members of a multiple star system. The nucleus is (coincidentally) located quite close to the nucleus of the AB Doradus moving group notwithstanding that the two groups have substantially different ages and Galactic space motions, UVW.Comment: 9 pages, 1 table, 2 figures. Accepted in ApJ

Fundamental Parameters of He-Weak and He-Strong Stars

We carried out low resolution spectroscopic observations in the wavelength range 3400-4700 A of 20 He-weak and 8 He-strong stars to determine their fundamental parameters by means of the Divan-Chalonge-Barbier (BCD) spectrophotometric system. For a few He-weak stars we also estimate the effective temperatures and the angular diameters by integrating absolute fluxes observed over a wide spectral range. Non-LTE model calculations are carried out to study the influence of the He/H abundance ratio on the emergent radiation of He-strong stars and on their Teff determination. We find that the effective temperatures, surface gravities and bolometric absolute magnitudes of He-weak stars estimated with the BCD system and the integrated flux method are in good agreement between each other, and they also agree with previous determinations based on several different methods. The mean discrepancy between the visual absolute magnitudes derived using the Hipparcos parallaxes and the BCD values is on average 0.3 mag for He-weak stars, while it is 0.5 mag for He-strong stars. For He-strong stars, we note that the BCD calibration, based on stars in the solar environment, leads to overestimated values of Teff. By means of model atmosphere calculations with enhanced He/H abundance ratios we show that larger He/H ratios produce smaller BD which naturally explains the Teff overestimation. We take advantage of these calculations to introduce a method to estimate the He/H abundance ratio in He-strong stars. The BD of HD 37479 suggests that the Teff of this star remains fairly constant as the star spectrum undergoes changes in the intensity of H and He absorption lines. Data for the He-strong star HD 66765 are reported for the first time.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&

Defect engineering over anisotropic brookite toward substrate-specific photo-oxidation of alcohols

Generally adopted strategies for enhancing the photocatalytic activity are aimed at tuning the visible light response, the exposed crystal facets, and the nanocrystal shape. Here, we present a different approach for designing efficient photocatalysts displaying a substrate-specific reactivity upon defect engineering. The platinized, defective anisotropic brookite TiO2 photocatalysts are tested for alcohol photoreforming showing up to an 11-fold increase in methanol oxidation rate, compared with the pristine one, while presenting much lower ethanol or isopropanol specific oxidation rates. We demonstrate that the substrate- specific alcohol oxidation and hydrogen evolution reactions are tightly related, and when the former is increased, the latter is boosted. The reduced anisotropic brookite shows up to 18-fold higher specific photoactivity with respect to anatase and brookite with isotropic nanocrystals. Advanced in situ characterizations and theoretical investigations reveal that controlled engineering over oxygen vacancies and lattice strain produces large electron polarons hosting the substratespecific active sites for alcohol photo-oxidation

Limits on the release of Rb isotopes from a zeolite based 83mKr calibration source for the XENON project

The isomer 83mKr with its half-life of 1.83 h is an ideal calibration source for a liquid noble gas dark matter experiment like the XENON project. However, the risk of contamination of the detector with traces of the much longer lived mother isotop 83Rb (86.2 d half-life) has to be ruled out. In this work the release of 83Rb atoms from a 1.8 MBq 83Rb source embedded in zeolite beads has been investigated. To do so, a cryogenic trap has been connected to the source for about 10 days, after which it was removed and probed for the strongest 83Rb gamma-rays with an ultra-sensitive Germanium detector. No signal has been found. The corresponding upper limit on the released 83Rb activity means that the investigated type of source can be used in the XENON project and similar low-background experiments as 83mKr generator without a significant risk of contaminating the detector. The measurements also allow to set upper limits on the possible release of the isotopes 84Rb and 86Rb, traces of which were created alongside the production of 83Rb at the Rez cyclotron.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Journal of Instrumentatio