Information Use and Decision Making by Market Women in Lagos, Nigeria

The purpose of this study was to investigate how the use of information assists market women in making informed decisions. It is well documented in literature that businesses that boom in the 21st century are businesses that are information driven. However, it’s not clear if market women do make information a priority to make business decisions. A survey research design was used with disproportionate stratified sampling technique. Four hundred market women  in Alade market Lagos participated in the study. A self developed questionnaire  Out of 400 copies of questionnaire distributed, 300 (75%) of them were returned. The findings indicated that there was  a significant relationship between information utilization by market women and their  decision making practices. The use of  newspapers,  information about distributors, radio and television were among the key sources women consulted in order to make their decisions concerning their businesses. The study recommended that information professionals and the Ministry of Commerce should work together to conduct and sponsor research on trends in the market and  make them available to market women in formats such as daily and business newspapers.   Keywords: Information sources, Information use, Decision making, Market women

Perceived Effect of Information on Reformation of Prisoners in Ogun State, Nigeria

Abstract: The paper principally focused on perception of prisoners and prison officials on the effect of information on the reformation of prisoners. Using the descriptive and quantitative approach, i.e. questionnaires and visits to the prison yards, the paper established that prisoners do need information for survival while serving sentence but more importantly as a tool for rehabilitation and reformation in preparation for life after prison. Majority of the prisoners surveyed 96 % believe that information is an important tool for reformation. Though it was established that Library is a good source of information to prisoners as stated in international (UN ECOSOC Article 40, 1977) and government policies, the facility was lacking in the two prisons surveyed due to lack of adequate funding and policy of information restriction. Prison managers had to rely on non-governmental organizations (mostly religious bodies) for the provision of reading materials. In order to make information available to prisoners, recommendations ranging from adequate funding, need for professional associations’ intervention like their counterparts in developed countries to the need for public libraries in Nigeria to focus on special groups like prisoners in their information provision activities were made. Key words: Perception; Information; Reformation; Prisoners; Ogun State; Nigeria Résumé: Le document se concentre essentiellement sur la perception des détenus et du personnel pénitentiaire de l'effet de l'information sur la réforme des prisonniers. En utilisant l'approche descriptive et quantitative, c’est-à-dire des questionnaires et des visites sur les lieux, l’article constate que les prisonniers ont besoin des informations pour la survie en purgeant une peine, mais surtout pour la réhabilitation et la réformation en préparation de la vie après la prison. La majorité des détenus enquêtés, soit 96% estiment que l'information est un outil important pour la réformation. Bien qu'il ait été constaté que la bibliothèque est une bonne source d'information pour les prisonniers comme indiqué dans les politiques internationales (ONU ECOSOC article 40, 1977) et gouvernementales, il manque des installations dans les cinq prisons enquêtés en raison d’un défaut de financement adéquat et d’une politique de restriction des informations. Les directeurs de prison ont dû compter sur les organisations non gouvernementales (surtout des organismes religieux) pour la provision de matériels de lecture. Afin de rendre l'information accessible aux détenus, des recommandations allant d'un financement adéquat, de la nécessité d'une intervention des associations professionnelles comme leurs homologues ont dans les pays développés, à la nécessité pour les bibliothèques publiques au Nigeria de se concentrer sur des groupes particuliers comme des prisonniers dans leurs activités d’offrir des informations ont été faites. Mots clés: perception; information; réforme; prisonniers; Etat d'Ogun; Nigeri

Pengaruh Dimensi Kualitas Jasa Perbankan terhadap Kepuasan Nasabah (Studi Kasus pada PT. Btpn Tbk Cabang Jamb

Banking Service Quality Dimensions (BSQ) is a dimension which is devoted tobanking to measure the variables or dimensions of service in the banking industry.Dimensions of effectiveness and assurance, access, price, tangible, portfolio,reliability (Banking Service Quality), Bahia and nantel 2002. In this regard, it isnecessary to do research on the influence of service quality dimensions Banking(BSQ) toward customer satisfaction in bank branches BTPN Jambi. Data collectiontechniques used in this study was questionnaires (respondents who captured some 95people who are bank customers BTPN Jambi), interviews with the staff and literaturestudy. This study uses linear regression analysis using analytical tools PASW Statistic18 (Predictive Analytic Software), to see the influence of independent variablesdirectly or through correlation to the dependent variable. Once analyzed, it is knownthat both simultaneously and partially, BSQ significantly influence customersatisfaction

The determinants of household-level well-being in Northern Ghana

Citation: Zereyesus, Y. A., Shanoyan, A., Ross, K. L., & Amanor-Boadu, V. (2016). The determinants of household-level well-being in Northern Ghana. Development Studies Research, 3(1), 1-10. doi:10.1080/21665095.2016.1229128Empirical analysis of the physical well-being at the household level was conducted for a sample of households in Northern Ghana using a Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes model. Physical well-being was indicated by the number of stunted children, number of wasted children, and number of underweight women. Results suggest that well-being at the household level is indeed represented by the latent variable and can be conceptualized in much the same way as the well-being of the individuals who constitute the household. Results show that the literacy of father and the number of dependents are associated with the largest shift in the underlying household’s physical well-being. Locale and the household assets were also significantly associated with the collective underlying latent variable. The variability in household physical well-being is explained more by the number of stunted children in the household than any of the other indicators of household well-being. © 2016 The Author(s)

Analisis Kinerja Ruas Jalan Timor Raya Akibat Aktivitas Pasar Oesao Kabupaten Kupang (Di Masa Pandemi)

Abstrak Kapasitas dan kinerja jalan akan berkurang karena adanya aktivitas pasar pada samping jalan. Saat masa Pandemi Covid-19 jumlah volume kendaraan yang melintas mengalami penurunan sementara yang disebabkan oleh adanya peraturan pemerintah tentang Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar. Namun berdasarkan pengamatan dilapangan, peneliti mengemukakan bahwa kondisi ruas jalan Timor Raya sudah kembali ramai karena pemerintah sudah berlakukan era new normal, dan aktivitas lain seperti pertokoan dan kantor pada area pasar sudah kembali beroperasi sehingga lebar jalan yang tersita oleh aktivitas pasar tentu mengurangi kemampuan jalan tersebut atau terjadi penurunan kapasitas ruas jalan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Pedoman Manual Kapasitas Jalan Indonesia 1997. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan Berdasarkan hasil analisis dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa Pengaruh aktivitas pasar pada ruas jalan Timor raya Oesao Pada masa Pandemi Covid 19 menimbulkan adanya hambatan samping sehingga kapasitas ruas jalan menjadi berkurang yaitu kapasitas jalan mempunyai nilai sebesar 2090,02 smp/jam dan Setelah melakukan analisa data akhir dimana diasumsikan penghilangan hambatan samping terbesar berupa kendaraan parkir diperoleh nilai kapasitas sebesar 2859,0288 smp/jam. Kata kunci: Jalan Timor Raya, Kinerja Jalan, Covid 19, MKJI 1997

Implications of Non-Farm Work to Vulnerability to Food Poverty-Recent Evidence From Northern Ghana

SummaryUsing survey data from northern Ghana, this study seeks to establish the impact of participation in non-farm work on the vulnerability of resource poor households to food poverty. Vulnerability to food poverty is assessed based on expected future food expenditure of households. The potential endogeneity problem associated with participation in non-farm work by households is overcome using a novel instrumental variable approach. Analysis of the determinants of expected future food expenditure is done using a standard Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS) method. Demographic and socioeconomic variables, location variables, and household facilities are included in the model as control variables. Our study finds that participation in non-farm work significantly increased the future expected food consumption, thereby alleviating the vulnerability of households to food poverty. Our study also confirms that current food poverty and future food poverty, i.e., vulnerability to food poverty, are not independent from each other. Non-farm work plays a crucial role in providing the means to overcome the risk of food poverty in these resource poor households. Policies that promote off-farm income generating activities, such as small businesses and self-employment, as well as the creation and support of businesses that absorb extra labor from the farm, should be encouraged in the study region. Because households in the study region are exposed to above average levels of hunger and food poverty, the study recommends the government of Ghana and development partners to take measures that enhance the resilience of these resource poor households

The Risk Factors Associated with Malaria Incidence in the Elelim Public Health Center in Yalimo District, Papua Province

Background: Malaria is still an endemic disease and one of Papua's health problems. Indonesia is the seventh largest in the world with 200,378 cases. In the province of Papua, the district of Yalimo is the third-highest with 18,821 cases. The Government is working to detect and prevent malaria in Papua Province by launching a program called "Malaria Elimination in Papua Province by 2030." Research Objectives: Identify the risk factors associated with malaria incidence at the Elelim Public Health Center in Yalimo District, Papua Province. Research method: The research method used in this study was an observational analysis with a case-control study approach. A sample of 90 patients consisted of 30 patients diagnosed with malaria as positive cases and 60 patients diagnosed with malaria as negative controls. This research was performed in July 2019. The statistical methods used in this analysis were univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyses. Data gathered through questionnaires and interviews. Results: The bivariate analysis showed a number of risk factors associated with the incidence of malaria in the Elelim Public Health Center in Yalimo District, Papua Province: the use of wire mesh (p = 0.013; RP = 3.237; 95% CI = 1.302-8.047), the type of house wall (p = 0.003; RP = 4.316; 95% CI = 1.696-10.981), the puddle near the house (p = 0.004; RP = 4.333; 95% CI = 1.686-11.138), the distance between house and breading place (p = 0.001; RP = 5.675; 95% CI = 2.097-15.362), the distance between house and large cattle pens (p = 0.042; RP = 2.615; 95% CI = 1.048-6.529), and the use of insecticide net (p = 0.008; RP = 6.000; 95% CI = 1.668-21.583); while age (p = 0.695; RP = 0.740; 95% CI = 0.289-1.897), sex (p = 0.412; RP = 0.474; 95% CI = 0.193-1.165), occupation (p = 0.157; RP = 0.474; 95% CI = 0.193-1.165), education (p = 0.701; RP = 0.750; 95% CI = 0.299-1.878), family income (p = 0.262; RP = 0.546; 95% CI = 0.255-1.325), the use of anti-mosquito repellent (p = 0.705; RP = 1.321; 95% CI = 0.536-3.253), and nighttime habits (p = 0.392; RP = 1.650; 95% CI = 0.668-4.075) were not associated with malaria incidence in the Elelim Public Health Center in Yalimo District, Papua Province

How climate policies can translate to tangible change: Evidence from eleven low- and lower-middle income countries

Formally adopting climate change mitigation policies does not necessarily translate to tangible change on the ground. Here, we analyse 31 semi-structured interviews with climate policy government officials and consultants from 11 low-income and lower-middle income countries (LMICs) as well as the respective climate policy context, and find high average degrees of perceived discrepancies between formally adopted climate change mitigation policies and their actual implementation. Our results suggest that for our LMIC sample, both the global political process to limit climate change and domestic environmental threats have been key to drive the formal adoption of climate change mitigation policies, but have had limited effect on implementation. By contrast, momentum for implementation of climate change mitigation initiatives and projects on the ground emerges where climate policies are firmly embedded within economic and social development policies, the economy and society are comparably well-positioned to embrace the associated change, and where they have been governed by cross-ministerial institutions capable of implementing wider climate-compatible development pathways. Thus, to help translate climate policy into action, national LMIC governments and the international community need to find context-specific ways to successfully integrate climate with economic and social development policies, identify and build on feasible opportunities and competitive advantages through which the local economy can benefit from green growth, build adequate social capital, and actively create institutional spaces and processes for well-equipped and meaningful cross-ministerial co-beneift governance. The importance of unlocking co-benefits for implementing climate policies underlines both the urgency with which the international community needs to increase finance for LMICs for climate change mitigation, as well as the associated development opportunities

Urban foxes are bolder but not more innovative than their rural conspecifics

Urbanization is the fastest form of landscape transformation on the planet, but researchers' understanding of the relationships between urbanization and animal behaviour is still in its infancy. In terms of foraging, bold and innovative behaviours are proposed to help urban animals access, utilize and exploit novel anthropogenic food sources. Red foxes, Vulpes vulpes, are one of the most widespread carnivores on the planet. However, despite frequent stories, images and videos portraying them as ‘pests’ in urban areas due to their exploitation of food-related objects (e.g. raiding the contents of outdoor bins), it is unknown whether they are bolder and more innovative in terms of their likelihood of exploiting these resources compared to rural populations. In the current study, we gave novel food-related objects to foxes from 104 locations (one object per location) across a large urban-rural gradient. To access the food, foxes had to use behaviours necessary for exploiting many food-related objects in the real world (e.g. biting, pushing, pulling or lifting human-made materials). Despite foxes from 96 locations acknowledging the objects, foxes from 31 locations touched them, while foxes from 12 locations gained access to the food inside. A principal component analysis of urban and other landscape variables (e.g. road, greenspace and human population density) revealed that urbanization was significantly and positively related to the likelihood of foxes touching, but not exploiting, the objects. Thus, while urban foxes may be bolder than rural populations in terms of their willingness to physically touch novel food-related objects, our findings are inconsistent with the notion that they are more innovative and pose a general nuisance to people by regularly exploiting these anthropogenic resources on a large geographical scale