917 research outputs found
Vibratool
Function used to apply delay modulation to an input wave for the purpose of creating a more natural vibrato akin to that created on a violin.Architecture & Allied Art
Software that goes with the flow in systems biology
A recent article in BMC Bioinformatics describes new advances in workflow systems for computational modeling in systems biology. Such systems can accelerate, and improve the consistency of, modeling through automation not only at the simulation and results-production stages, but also at the model-generation stage. Their work is a harbinger of the next generation of more powerful software for systems biologists
Effect of pressure on the Raman modes of antimony
The effect of pressure on the zone-center optical phonon modes of antimony in
the A7 structure has been investigated by Raman spectroscopy. The A_g and E_g
frequencies exhibit a pronounced softening with increasing pressure, the effect
being related to a gradual suppression of the Peierls-like distortion of the A7
phase relative to a cubic primitive lattice. Also, both Raman modes broaden
significantly under pressure. Spectra taken at low temperature indicate that
the broadening is at least partly caused by phonon-phonon interactions. We also
report results of ab initio frozen-phonon calculations of the A_g and E_g mode
frequencies. Presence of strong anharmonicity is clearly apparent in calculated
total energy versus atom displacement relations. Pronounced nonlinearities in
the force versus displacement relations are observed. Structural instabilities
of the Sb-A7 phase are briefly addressed in the Appendix.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figure
Impact of geometry on chemical analysis exemplified for photoelectron spectroscopy of black silicon
For a smooth surface, the chemical composition can be readily evaluated by a
variety of spectroscopy techniques; a prominent example is X-ray photoelectron
spectroscopy (XPS), where the relative proportions of the elements are mainly
determined by the intensity ratio of the element-specific photoelectrons. This
deduction, however, is more intricate for a nanorough surface, such as black
silicon, since the steep slopes of the geometry mimic local variations of the
local emission angle. Here, we explicitly quantify this effect via an integral
geometric analysis, by using so-called Minkowski tensors. Thus, we match the
chemical information from XPS with topographical information from atomic force
microscopy (AFM). Our method provides reliable estimates of layer thicknesses
for nanorough surfaces. For our black silicon samples, we found that the oxide
layer thickness is on average comparable to that of a native oxide layer. Our
study highlights the impact of complex geometries at the nanoscale on the
analysis of chemical properties with implications for a broad class of
spectroscopy techniques
First Evidence of -Dependence in the QCD Interquark Potential
We present a lattice calculation of the interquark potential between static
quarks in a ``full'' QCD simulation with 2 flavours of dynamical Wilson-quarks
at three intermediate sea-quark masses. We work at on lattice
size of with 100 configurations per sea-quark mass. We compare
the full QCD potential with its quenched counterpart at equal lattice spacing,
GeV, which is at the onset of the quenched scaling regime.
We find that the full QCD potential lies consistently below that of quenched
QCD. We see no evidence for string-breaking effects on these lattice volumes,
.Comment: 9 pages (1 tex file epsf-style + 6 ps-figures
String Breaking in Non-Abelian Gauge Theories with Fundamental Matter Fields
We present clear numerical evidence for string breaking in three-dimensional
SU(2) gauge theory with fundamental bosonic matter through a mixing analysis
between Wilson loops and meson operators representing bound states of a static
source and a dynamical scalar. The breaking scale is calculated in the
continuum limit. In units of the lightest glueball we find . The implications of our results for QCD are discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures; equations (4)-(6) corrected, numerical results
and conclusions unchange
Beam test results of silicon sensor module prototypes for the Phase-2 Upgrade of the CMS Outer Tracker
The start of the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) in 2027 requires upgrades to the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) Experiment. In the scope of the upgrade program the complete silicon tracking detector will be replaced. The new CMS Tracker will be equipped with silicon pixel detectors in the inner layers closest to the interaction point and silicon strip detectors in the outer layers. The new CMS Outer Tracker will consist of two different kinds of detector modules called PS and 2S modules. Each module will be made of two parallel silicon sensors (a macro-pixel sensor and a strip sensor for the PS modules and two strip sensors for the 2S modules). Combining the hit information of both sensor layers it is possible to estimate the transverse momentum of particles in the magnetic field of 3.8 T at the full bunch-crossing rate of 40 MHz directly on the module. This information will be used as an input for the first trigger stage of CMS.
It is necessary to validate the Outer Tracker module functionality before installing the modules in the CMS experiment. Besides laboratory-based tests several 2S module prototypes have been studied at test beam facilities at CERN, DESY and FNAL. This article concentrates on the beam tests at DESY during which the functionality of the module concept was investigated using the full final readout chain for the first time. Additionally the performance of a 2S module assembled with irradiated sensors was studied. By choosing an irradiation fluence expected for 2S modules at the end of HL-LHC operation, it was possible to investigate the particle detection efficiency and study the trigger capabilities of the module at the beginning and end of runtime of the CMS experiment.The start of the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) in 2027 requires upgrades to the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment. In the scope of the upgrade program the complete silicon tracking detector will be replaced. The new CMS Tracker will be equipped with silicon pixel detectors in the inner layers closest to the interaction point and silicon strip detectors in the outer layers. The new CMS Outer Tracker will consist of two different kinds of detector modules called PS and 2S modules. Each module will be made of two parallel silicon sensors (a macro-pixel sensor and a strip sensor for the PS modules and two strip sensors for the 2S modules). Combining the hit information of both sensor layers, it is possible to estimate the transverse momentum of particles in the magnetic field of 3.8 T at the full bunch-crossing rate of 40 MHz directly on the module. This information will be used as an input for the first trigger stage of CMS. It is necessary to validate the Outer Tracker module functionality before installing the modules in the CMS experiment. Besides laboratory-based tests several 2S module prototypes have been studied at test beam facilities at CERN, DESY and FNAL. This article concentrates on the beam tests at DESY during which the functionality of the module concept was investigated using the full final readout chain for the first time. Additionally the performance of a 2S module assembled with irradiated sensors was studied. By choosing an irradiation fluence expected for 2S modules at the end of HL-LHC operation, it was possible to investigate the particle detection efficiency and study the trigger capabilities of the module at the beginning and end of the runtime of the CMS experiment
Efficient glueball simulations on anisotropic lattices
Monte Carlo results for the low-lying glueball spectrum using an improved,
anisotropic action are presented. Ten simulations at lattice spacings ranging
from 0.2 to 0.4 fm and two different anisotropies have been performed in order
demonstrate the advantages of using coarse, anisotropic lattices to calculate
glueball masses. Our determinations of the tensor (2++) and pseudovector (1+-)
glueball masses are more accurate than previous Wilson action calculations.Comment: 43 pages, LaTeX (with revtex). 13 postscript figures. Submitted to
Phys. Rev.
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