Electron temperature fluctuation measurements in the pedestal of improved confinement regimes at ASDEX Upgrade

US DOE (DE-SC0006419, DE-SC0014264, and DE- SC0017381)EUROfusion Consortium (No. 633053

Helicopter handling qualities: a study in pilot control compensation

The research reported in this paper is aimed at the development of a metric to quantify and predict the extent of pilot control compensation required to fly a wide range of mission task elements. To do this, the utility of a range of time- and frequency-domain measures to examine pilot control activity whilst flying hover/low-speed and forward flight tasks are explored. The tasks were performed by two test pilots using both the National Research Council (Canada)’s Bell 412 Advanced Systems Research Aircraft and the University of Liverpool’s HELIFLIGHT-R simulator. Handling qualities ratings were awarded for each of the tasks and compared with a newly developed weighted adaptive control compensation metric based on discrete pilot inputs, showing good correlation. Moreover, in combination with a time-varying frequency-domain exposure, the proposed metric is shown to be useful for understanding the relationship between the pilot’s subjective assessment, measured control activity and task performance. By collating the results from the subjective and objective metrics for a range of different mission task elements, compensation boundaries are proposed to predict and verify the subjective assessments from the Cooper-Harper Handling Qualities Rating scale.Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/P031277/1 and EP/P030009/1

A burst with double radio spectrum observed up to 212 GHz

We study a solar flare that occurred on September 10, 2002, in active region NOAA 10105 starting around 14:52 UT and lasting approximately 5 minutes in the radio range. The event was classified as M2.9 in X-rays and 1N in H\alpha. Solar Submillimeter Telescope observations, in addition to microwave data give us a good spectral coverage between 1.415 and 212 GHz. We combine these data with ultraviolet images, hard and soft X-rays observations and full-disk magnetograms. Images obtained from Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imaging data are used to identify the locations of X-ray sources at different energies and to determine the X-ray spectrum, while ultra violet images allow us to characterize the coronal flaring region. The magnetic field evolution of the active region is analyzed using Michelson Doppler Imager magnetograms. The burst is detected at all available radio-frequencies. X-ray images (between 12 keV and 300 keV) reveal two compact sources and 212 GHz data, used to estimate the radio source position, show a single compact source displaced by 25" from one of the hard X-ray footpoints. We model the radio spectra using two homogeneous sources, and combine this analysis with that of hard X-rays to understand the dynamics of the particles. Relativistic particles, observed at radio wavelengths above 50 GHz, have an electron index evolving with the typical soft-hard-soft behaviour.Comment: Submitted to Solar Physics, 20 pages, 8 fugure

Observations of Low Frequency Solar Radio Bursts from the Rosse Solar-Terrestrial Observatory

The Rosse Solar-Terrestrial Observatory (RSTO; www.rosseobservatory.ie) was established at Birr Castle, Co. Offaly, Ireland (53 05'38.9", 7 55'12.7") in 2010 to study solar radio bursts and the response of the Earth's ionosphere and geomagnetic field. To date, three Compound Astronomical Low-cost Low-frequency Instrument for Spectroscopy and Transportable Observatory (CALLISTO) spectrometers have been installed, with the capability of observing in the frequency range 10-870 MHz. The receivers are fed simultaneously by biconical and log-periodic antennas. Nominally, frequency spectra in the range 10-400 MHz are obtained with 4 sweeps per second over 600 channels. Here, we describe the RSTO solar radio spectrometer set-up, and present dynamic spectra of a sample of Type II, III and IV radio bursts. In particular, we describe fine-scale structure observed in Type II bursts, including band splitting and rapidly varying herringbone features

The GMAT Analytical Writing Assessment: Opportunitw or Threat for Management Communication?

Instituted as a regular part of the GMAT in October 1994, the Analytical Writing Assessment (AWA) has the potential to serve as a diagnostic tool in MBA programs. This article describes the new test and reviews the uses of the AWA scores and essays that have significant ramifications for management communication. It concludes by suggesting why it is vital for communication instructors to become involved in decisions about how to use the A WA results.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/68049/2/10.1177_108056999605900206.pd

Structures and properties of solvated and unsolvated isopropyl functionalised calix[4]arenes

The tetra-iso-propyl ethers of calix[4]arene and p-t-butylcalix[4]arene have been isolated in the cone conformation, and structurally characterized as chloroform solvates. Thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated that the parent iso-propylcalix[4]arene solvate is significantly more stable than the p-t-butylcalix[4]arene analogue, retaining the solvent up to a temperature of of 125 °C. It was found that the calix[4]arene ether sublimes at atmospheric pressure, and solvent-free crystals appropriate for structure determination were produced at reduced pressure. The p-t-butylcalix[4]arene ether was also isolated without solvent in the lattice, but in this case the calixarene was crystallized from acetone, as sublimation did not produce crystals of sufficient quality

Case Studies to Illustrate the Rotorcraft Certification by Simulation Process; CS27/29 Dynamic Stability Requirements

This paper is one of a set presented at the 49th European Rotorcraft Forum displaying results from the EU Clean Sky 2 project, Rotorcraft Certification by Simulation (RoCS). The process developed by the RoCS team provides guidance on the requirements for the use of simulation in certification and features four case studies that illustrate aspects of the process applied using flight simulation models and flight test data provided by Leonardo Helicopters. This paper presents the case study on Dynamic Stability, for the relevant certification paragraphs in the EASA Certification Specifications CS-27 and CS-29. The Dynamic Stability paragraphs from the Specifications are described and results from simulation model fidelity assessment, and updating compared with test data, are presented for a reference flight condition. The credibility of extrapolations of the flight simulation model results to conditions at higher altitude, different airspeeds and vertical rates of climb are then discussed. Preliminary results from piloted simulation trials, with a new flight test manoeuvre, are included to illustrate flight simulator fidelity assessment methods and to explore the veracity of the stability margins set by the Certification Specifications

Rotorcraft Flight Simulation to support Aircraft Certification: A Review of the State of the Art with an Eye to Future Applications

This paper presents the approach for Rotorcraft Certification by Simulation proposed within the RoCS project. In particular, the aspects of model validation and credibility assessment through the usage of uncertainty quantification techniques are reviewed, and some lesson learned are presented. It is shown that the increase of effort required to thoroughly evaluate the capability of the simulation model is often counterbalanced by the advantages of the insight that can be obtained and possibly exploited also for design purposes. It is shown that the numerical approaches, and in some cases even the tools required to perform the necessary uncertainty analyses are publicly available and can be directly employed. This paper is one of a set presented at the 49th European Rotorcraft Forum discussing results from the EU Clean Sky 2 project, Rotorcraft Certification by Simulation (RoCS)

From thermal rectifiers to thermoelectric devices

We discuss thermal rectification and thermoelectric energy conversion from the perspective of nonequilibrium statistical mechanics and dynamical systems theory. After preliminary considerations on the dynamical foundations of the phenomenological Fourier law in classical and quantum mechanics, we illustrate ways to control the phononic heat flow and design thermal diodes. Finally, we consider the coupled transport of heat and charge and discuss several general mechanisms for optimizing the figure of merit of thermoelectric efficiency.Comment: 42 pages, 22 figures, review paper, to appear in the Springer Lecture Notes in Physics volume "Thermal transport in low dimensions: from statistical physics to nanoscale heat transfer" (S. Lepri ed.

N-body simulations of gravitational dynamics

We describe the astrophysical and numerical basis of N-body simulations, both of collisional stellar systems (dense star clusters and galactic centres) and collisionless stellar dynamics (galaxies and large-scale structure). We explain and discuss the state-of-the-art algorithms used for these quite different regimes, attempt to give a fair critique, and point out possible directions of future improvement and development. We briefly touch upon the history of N-body simulations and their most important results.Comment: invited review (28 pages), to appear in European Physics Journal Plu