Territorio y poder: apropiación, uso y control de los recursos naturales y la irreformabilidad del modo de producción capitalista

The dedication of Geography to the study of the production of space and the new capitalist territoriality forms make it possible to prepare studies focusing on a sustainable development proposal, studies that prove to be relevant in understanding that such proposal is used to conceal capitalist interests and premises, organised by international bodies in order to overcome critical moments, thus guaranteeing their expansion and strengthening their mutability and unreformability nature, by means of which alliances, whose power is ecological imperialism, are forged.La dedicación de la Geografía al estudio de la producción del espacio y las nuevas formas de territorialización capitalista hacen posible la elaboración de estudios que se centran en una propuesta de desarrollo sostenible, estudios que se manifiestan relevantes en la comprensión de que dicha propuesta sea utilizada para ocultar intereses y premisas capitalistas, articulados por organismos internacionales para la superación de los momentos críticos, garantizando su expansión y fortaleciendo su carácter de mutabilidad y irreformabilidad, por medio de los cuales son forjadas alianzas cuya potencia es el imperialismo ecológic

DESLOCAMENTOS PENDULARES PARA CONSUMO E LAZER NA HINTERLÂNDIA DE PRESIDENTE PRUDENTE-SP / CONSUMPTION AND LEISURE COMMUTING ON THE HINTERLAND OF PRESIDENTE PRUDENTE-SP

doi: 10.12957/geouerj.2017.21778 Like nodes of the urban network, the apprehension of the relationship between the middle city and the urban centers of its hinterland is of utmost importance, as its consumer market is also made by the neighbor population that incurs commuting generated by the opportunity or need for consumer goods and services. In this paper we are dedicated to construe results surveys in four cities of the 10th Administrative Region of Presidente Prudente that will help us, in the context of the Brazilian urban network, to analyze and compare the interurban centrality of the middle city of Presidente Prudente, located in the west of São Paulo State. This methodological procedure contributes to the study of commuting, scaling and analyzing the shifts that have Presidente Prudente as a destination and to identify the main reasons for the commuting to consumption of goods and services in shopping malls

SEGREGAÇÃO SOCIOESPACIAL EM CIDADES MÉDIAS: DIFERENÇAS OU SEMELHANÇAS? UM ESTUDO SOBRE O JARDIM CINQUENTÁRIO E O JARDIM MORADA DO SOL EM PRESIDENTE PRUDENTE – SP

 O Objetivo deste trabalho é verificar se ocorre segregação socioespacial nos loteamentos Jardim Cinqüentenário e no Jardim Morada do Sol, em Presidente Prudente-SP. A análise é feita focando-se questões como o acesso dos moradores destes loteamentos ao centro tradicional de comércio e serviços e aos bens de consumo coletivo. O Jardim Morada do Sol e o Jardim Cinqüentenário possuem características diferentes entre si servindo, portanto, para uma análise comparativa, já que estão localizados em áreas urbanas distintas da cidade de Presidente Prudente. Verificamos, também, diferenças no perfil da população das áreas do entorno desses loteamentos e diferenças no que tange ao processo de urbanização de cada loteamento. Serão estabelecidas análises comparativas entre estes loteamentos e com moradores de um terceiro loteamento, a ser definido, próximo ao centro tradicional da cidade. Portanto, paralelamente, será realizada uma análise da centralidade desta área da cidade sobre os moradores dos loteamentos pesquisados. Os deslocamentos constituem-se em uma importante ferramenta para a verificação do processo de segregação socioespacial, pois a acessibilidade aos espaços de consumo, aos bens de consumo coletivo e aos serviços em geral é uma das principais características definidoras deste processo socioespacial. Foram estabelecidas análises comparativas entre estes loteamentos mostrando, assim, várias diferenças e algumas semelhanças no que se relaciona aos deslocamentos e como a segregação socioespacial é sentida pelos moradores

Do menino que fazia mapas a um projeto coletivo de produção do conhecimento

Homenage

Prevalence and clinical aspects when it comes to the association between type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) and celiac disease

OBJECTIVES: To estimate the prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) and celiac disease association and to verify the existence of celiac disease symptoms, as well as the occurrence of other autoimmune diseases among the patients, their first-degree relatives and the possible influences of celiac disease in diabetes control. METHODS: It was done a cross-sectional study with 195 patients that answered a questionnaire about gastrointestinal symptoms and the occurrence of autoimmune diseases in their first-degree relatives. IgA was measured and antiendomysial antibody (EMA) was screened. The patients with positive EMA were submitted to intestinal biopsy. Those with celiac disease confirmed by biopsy (case group) were paired with DM1 patients without celiac disease (control group) according to age on diabetes diagnosis, diabetes duration and gender. RESULTS: EMA was positive in nine patients. In seven of them the biopsy has confirmed celiac disease (4.0%). Comparing the cases with controls, the gastrointestinal symptoms were significantly more frequent in the first group, but there was no difference between the groups regarding to the occurrence of autoimmune disease among the first-degree relatives and regarding to the control of diabetes (z weight, z height, insulin dose, HbA1c). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence found was 4.0%. This sample of celiac patients showed a predominance of gastrointestinal symptoms, although the celiac disease did not influence the diabetes control.OBJETIVOS: Verificar a prevalência da associação entre diabetes melito tipo 1 (DM1) e doença celíaca (DC) e a presença de sintomas da DC, a ocorrência de outras doenças auto-imunes entre os pacientes e seus parentes de primeiro grau e as possíveis influências da DC no controle do diabetes. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com 195 pacientes com DM1, que responderam ao questionário sobre a presença de sintomas gastrintestinais e a ocorrência de doenças auto-imunes em familiares. Foi dosada a IgA sérica e pesquisado o anticorpo antiendomísio (EMA). Os pacientes com EMA positivo foram submetidos à biópsia intestinal. Aqueles com DC confirmada por biópsia (grupo-casos) foram pareados com os pacientes apenas diabéticos (grupo-controle), de acordo com a idade ao diagnóstico de diabetes, o tempo de duração da doença e o gênero. RESULTADOS: O EMA foi positivo em nove pacientes. Em sete a biópsia confirmou DC (prevalência de 4%). No pareamento de casos (DM1 e DC) e controles (somente DM1), os sintomas gastrintestinais foram significativamente mais freqüentes no grupo casos, não sendo observada diferença com a ocorrência de doenças auto-imunes entre os parentes de primeiro grau e com o controle do diabetes (z peso, z estatura, dose de insulina e HbA1c). CONCLUSÕES: A prevalência de DC neste grupo de pacientes com DM1 foi de 4%. A amostra de pacientes celíacos apresentou predomínio de sintomas gastrintestinais, porém a presença de DC não interferiu no controle do diabetes.63564

S100B and homocysteine in the acute alcohol withdrawal syndrome

Elevations of serum homocysteine levels are a consistent finding in alcohol addiction. Serum S100B levels are altered in different neuropsychiatric disorders but not well investigated in alcohol withdrawal syndromes. Because of the close connection of S100B to ACTH and glutamate secretion that both are involved in neurodegeneration and symptoms of alcoholism the relationship of S100B and homocysteine to acute withdrawal variables has been examined. A total of 22 male and 9 female inpatients (mean age 46.9 ± 9.7 years) with an ICD-10 diagnosis of alcohol addiction without relevant affective comorbidity were examined on admission and after 24, 48, and 120 h during withdrawal. S100B and homocysteine levels in serum were collected, and severity of withdrawal symptoms (AWS-scale), applied withdrawal medication, initial serum ethanol levels and duration of addiction were recorded. Serum S100B and homocysteine levels declined significantly (P < .05) over time. Both levels declined with withdrawal syndrome severity. Females showed a trend to a more intense decline in serum S100B levels compared to males at day 5 (P = .06). Homocysteine levels displayed a negative relationship to applied amount of clomethiazole (P < .05) and correlated with age of onset of addiction. No withdrawal seizures were recorded during the trial. As it is known for homocysteine, S100B revealed to decline rapidly over withdrawal treatment in alcoholism. This effect is more pronounced in female patients. S100B could be of relevance in the neurobiology of alcohol withdrawal syndromes. It may be indirectly related to the level of stress level or glutamatergic activity during alcohol withdrawal

Research needs in allergy: an EAACI position paper, in collaboration with EFA

Abstract In less than half a century, allergy, originally perceived as a rare disease, has become a major public health threat, today affecting the lives of more than 60 million people in Europe, and probably close to one billion worldwide, thereby heavily impacting the budgets of public health systems. More disturbingly, its prevalence and impact are on the rise, a development that has been associated with environmental and lifestyle changes accompanying the continuous process of urbanization and globalization. Therefore, there is an urgent need to prioritize and concert research efforts in the field of allergy, in order to achieve sustainable results on prevention, diagnosis and treatment of this most prevalent chronic disease of the 21 st century. The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) is the leading professional organization in the field of allergy, promoting excellence in clinical care, education, training and basic and translational research, all with the ultimate goal of improving the health of allergic patients. The European Federation of Allergy and Airways Diseases Patients&apos; Associations (EFA) is a non-profit network of allergy, asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder (COPD) patients&apos; organizations. In support of their missions, the present EAACI Position Paper, in collaboration with EFA, highlights the most important research needs in the field of allergy to serve as key recommendations for future research funding at the national and European levels. Although allergies may involve almost every organ of the body and an array of diverse external factors act as triggers, there are several common themes that need to be prioritized in research efforts. As in many other chronic diseases, effective prevention, curative treatment and accurate, rapid diagnosis represent major unmet needs. Detailed phenotyping/endotyping stands out as widely required in order to arrange or re-categorize clinical syndromes into more coherent, uniform and treatment-responsive groups. Research efforts to unveil the basic pathophysiologic pathways and mechanisms, thus leading to the comprehension and resolution of the pathophysiologic complexity of allergies will allow for the design of novel patient-oriented diagnostic and treatment protocols. Several allergic diseases require well-controlled epidemiological description and surveillance, using disease registries, pharmacoeconomic evaluation, as well as large biobanks. Additionally, there is a need for extensive studies to bring promising new biotechnological innovations, such as biological agents, vaccines of modified allergen molecules and engineered components for allergy diagnosis, closer to clinical practice. Finally, particular attention should be paid to the difficult-to-manage, precarious and costly severe disease forms and/or exacerbations. Nonetheless, currently arising treatments, mainly in the fields of immunotherapy and biologicals, hold great promise for targeted and causal management of allergic conditions. Active involvement of all stakeholders, including Patient Organizations and policy makers are necessary to achieve the aims emphasized herein

Re(production) of rural areas from technical innovation. Considerations about the perspective of political ecology

Comprender e interpretar las técnicas como un elemento capaz de transformar el entorno habitado por los seres humanos, que se ha reflexionado sobre su aplicación que la humanidad ha llegado a las diferentes etapas de la modernización. En particular, trata de las zonas rurales, las técnicas han permitido que el ser humano, desde la condición de los cazadores - recolectores, llegara a niveles totalmente diferentes de las experimentadas desde la Revolución Agrícola primero. Con la conducción técnico-científico-informativa de la globalización del capital, las técnicas, aplicadas de manera desigual en las zonas rurales, se convirtió en un elemento decisivo en la (re) producción de las zonas rurales mediante la creación de modelos de explotación agrícola expresiva como la Revolución Verde. Bajo los efectos de la modernización genera a partir del modo de producción capitalista en la década de 1980 a mediados de cuestionar este modelo bajo los efectos de la modernización en la agricultura están empezando a surgir en el ecologista piensa, y más específicamente en la ecología política, las preguntas han sido planteado acerca de la eficacia, e incluso sobre la validez de este modelo de explotación del campo.Understanding and interpreting the techniques like an element able to transform the way lived by the human being, we consider what was through his implementation that the humanity reached different traineeships of modernization. In specific, treating the rural space, the techniques made possible that the human being, leaving from the condition of hunter – collector, was reaching levels totally different from those tried experienced since the 1st Agricultural Revolution. With the current period of technical-scientific-informational driving the globalization of the capital, the techniques, applied unequally on the rural space, became a decisive element into the production and reproduction of the rural space raising expressive models of agricultural exploration expressive like the Green Revolution. Under the effects of a modernization generated from the capitalist mode of production, in the middle of the decade of 1980 questions under the effects of this model of modernization in the agricultural model they begin to appear inside the thought environmentalist, and, more specifically in the political ecology, questions have been lifted as for the efficiency, and even regarding the validity, of this model of exploration of the rural space.Entendendo e interpretando as técnicas como elemento capaz de transformar o meio habitado pelo ser humano, ponderamos que foi através de sua implementação que a humanidade atingiu diferentes estágios de modernização. Em específico, tratando do espaço rural, as técnicas possibilitaram que o ser humano, partindo da condição de caçador – coletor, atingisse níveis totalmente diferentes daqueles experimentados desde a 1ª Revolução Agrícola. Com o meio técnico-científico-informacional impulsionando a mundialização do Capital, as técnicas, aplicadas desigualmente sobre o espaço rural, tornaram-se elemento decisivo na (re)produção do espaço rural criando modelos de exploração agropecuária expressivos como a Revolução Verde. Sob os efeitos de uma modernização gerada a partir do modo capitalista de produção, em meados da década de 1980 questionamentos sob os efeitos deste modelo de modernização na agropecuária começam a surgir dentro do pensamento ambientalista, e, mais especificamente na ecologia política, questões foram sido levantadas quanto à eficácia, e mesmo em relação à validade, deste modelo de exploração do espaço rural. pace

A operacionalização do conceito formação econômica-social: o nexo entre o marxismo e a geografia de Milton Santos / The operationalization of the concept socio-economic formation: the nexus between marxism and the geography of Milton Santos

A categoria analítica formação socioespacial foi formulada por Milton Santos na década de 1970 e assimila o debate em torno da matriz teórica marxiana formação econômica-social integrando a dimensão espacial com ênfase nas características de concreticidade e totalidade. O propósito desse ensaio é proceder uma revisão bibliográfica da categoria formação socioespacial abordando sua gênese em Karl Marx, os conceitos associados, os precursores na Geografia brasileira e as controvérsias em torno da mesma. A categoria proposta por Milton Santos pode ser considerada como uma das mais representativas para o enriquecimento epistemológico geográfico na década de 1970. Nesse sentido, entender a categoria apresentada possui um significado maior, pois permite analisar como um conceito oriundo da economia política foi operacionalizado criando um nexo entre o marxismo e a Geografia miltoniana

CARLOS, Ana Fani Alessandri. O lugar no/do mundo.

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