Resonance between Innovation and Consumers: Suggestions for Emerging Market Customers

Consumption increase in emerging markets is significant for global sustainability as it helps in overcoming structural impediments that impede investment inducement. In this light, the paper aims at demonstrating a hypothesis that resonance between innovation and consumers triggers co-emergence of investment essential for an emerging market and further analyses resonant behavior between attractive goods and consumers. The elevation in face temperature of consumers looking at attractive goods was measured at the event corner of a Japanese supermarket by utilizing thermography. Noteworthy findings obtained include that consumer temperatures increase as they perceive, recognize and decide to purchase attractive goods while elevated temperatures decrease when the goods are not attractive enough to purchase. Consumer couples also incorporate a general tendency to converge toward the same decision in a resonant way. Through correlation analysis of sales records, it was demonstrated that sales of attractive goods represents innovation which increases by resonating consumer demand through construction of a spirally developing virtuous cycle. These findings provide a constructive suggestion for stimulating latent consumer vitality in emerging markets as a way of inducing investment

Significant Improvement in Survival of Tabby Jimpy Mutant Mice by Providing Folded-paper Nest Boxes

There is little scientific evidence that environmental enrichment meets the physiological needs for laboratory  animals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the provision of nest boxes improved the lifespan  of Tabby jimpy (Ta-jp) mutant mice carrying a lethal gene. Nest boxes tested in this study were small  folded-paper trapezoid-shaped houses. The Nest box group was reared in cages with the nest boxes and  the Control group was raised in only standard cages. Weaning results and survival rates in Ta-jp mice were  compared between both groups. By the weaning stage, all of the Ta-jp mice survived in the Nest box group.  There was a significant difference in weaning rates between both groups. The body weight of weanlings  demonstrated a significant difference between both groups. The survival analysis indicated that the Nest  box group (29.9 days) significantly had a longer lifespan than the Control group (25.7 days). The Nest box  group developed few abnormal jumping behaviours. The nest boxes served as shelters from environmental  stimuli. In conclusion, we confirmed that folded-paper nest boxes had a beneficial effect on weaning rates  of Ta-jp mice. Our results revealed that there was significant improvement in survival of Ta-jp mice using  the nest boxes.

Visualizing Trimming Dependence of Biodistribution and Kinetics with Homo- and Heterogeneous N-Glycoclusters on Fluorescent Albumin

A series of N-glycans, each sequentially trimmed from biantennary sialoglycans, were homo- or heterogeneously clustered efficiently on fluorescent albumin using a method that combined strain-promoted alkyne-azide cyclization and 6π-azaelectrocyclization. Noninvasive in vivo kinetics and dissection analysis revealed, for the first time, a glycan-dependent shift from urinary to gall bladder excretion mediated by sequential trimming of non-reducing end sialic acids. N-glycoalbumins that were trimmed further, in particular, GlcNAc- and hybrid biantennary-terminated congeners, were selectively taken up by sinusoidal endothelial and stellate cells in the liver, which are critical for diagnosis and treatment of liver fibrillation. Our glycocluster strategy can not only reveal the previously unexplored extracellular functions of N-glycan trimming, but will be classified as the newly emerging glycoprobes for diagnostic and therapeutic applications

Optogenetic Stimulation of 5-HT Neurons in the Median Raphe Nucleus Affects Anxiety and Respiration

Anxiety affects respiration, and in turn perturbs the internal environment, although the neuronal systems controlling anxiety-related respiration remain unclear. Recent reports indicate that serotonin（5-HT）neurons in the median raphe nucleus（MRN）enhance anxiety. In the present study, we aimed to clarify the contribution of 5-HT neurons in the MRN to anxiety and respiratory control using mice expressing a channelrhodopsin-2 variant-enhanced yellow fluorescent protein（ChR2 ［C128S］-EYFP; a step-function opsin）in the central 5-HT neurons. We applied an optogenetic method to bigenic mice expressing ChR2［C128S］-EYFP in 5-HT neurons and to monogenic mice without such expression. Photostimulation of free-moving mice was performed using a wireless system through an optical fiber pre-inserted above the MRN, and respiratory variables were measured using whole-body plethysmography. Anxiety was evaluated using an elevated-plus maze test. In the bigenic mice, we confirmed ChR2［C128S］-EYFP expression in tryptophan hydroxylase 2（a brain 5-HT synthase）-positive neurons in the raphe nuclei of the mesopontine, such as the MRN and the dorsal raphe nucleus. Blue light illumination to the MRN of the bigenic mice significantly increased respiratory rate and minute ventilation without affecting tidal volume, and significantly decreased the time spent in the open arms of the elevated plus maze without changing distance traveled, compared with monogenic mice. These results suggest that 5-HT neuron activity in the MRN increases anxiety-like behavior without affecting locomotor activity, enhances respiratory rhythm and minute ventilation without changing tidal volume, and can mimic anxiety-related respiratory responses in humans

群馬県訪問看護事業所における医療処置及び人工呼吸療法の事故発生状況，安全対策への取組の実態調査

目的：群馬県訪問看護事業所における医療処置及び人工呼吸器装着者の事故発生状況，安全対策への取組を明らかにし，地域における安全対策の体制整備を検討する． 方法：群馬県の訪問看護事業所の管理者421人を対象に自記式質問紙調査を実施した．有効回答は67人（15.9％），記述統計量を算出し，自由記述は類似性に基づき整理した． 結果：医療処置の事故は訪問看護提供時間内に14件（n＝31），影響度はレベル3以下，人工呼吸療法に関する事故は介護者在宅時が11件（n＝25），影響度はレベル4が1件（4.0％），レベル5が3件（12.0％）であった．発生時の対応は，介護職のケア時間に発生した事故の検討47.4％，地域の多機関で話し合う30.6％であった． 結論：人工呼吸器装着者の安全対策は，介護者のみの時間の療養者・家族が行う対策が重要であり，支援チーム，地域の多機関での事故に関する情報共有・検討が課題である．Purpose: This study examined the development of local safety measure systems by clarifying the incidence of accidents in medical procedures and among users of ventilators, as well as initiatives for safety measures at home-visit nursing stations in Gunma Prefecture. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 421 administrators of home-visit nursing stations in Gunma Prefecture and valid responses were obtained from 67 respondents (15.9％). Each item was subject to descriptive statistics and open-ended answers were organized based on similarities. Results: The respondents reported 14 (45.2％) medical procedure accidents that occurred during home-visit nursing hours with an impact level on patients of 3 or lower, and 11 (44.0％) ventilation therapy accidents that occurred while the caregiver was home, one of which had an impact level of 4 (4.0％) and three of which had an impact level of 5 (12.0％). Measures taken to address accidents were investigations into accidents that occurred during care hours by care workers in 47.4％ of cases and discussions among various local agencies in 30.6％ of cases. Conclusions: Regarding safety measures for users of ventilators, measures carried out by the patient and their family while only the caregiver was home were important. In the future, it is necessary to address the sharing and review of information on accidents among support teams and various local agencies.報

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・みその種類は,豆みそが多く使用されていて75.7%であり,地域別にみて岐阜県・愛知県に多かった。・だしについては,だしの素といわれるうま味調味料を使用しているのがほとんどであった。・汁の実は3～4種類用いている者が58.3%であり,一般にこの地方のみそ汁は実の種類・量とも多く用いられている。・みそ汁の摂取状況は,朝食において最も多く摂られているが,およそ40%の者はほとんど食べていない。・朝食に米飯を主食とする者が60%であったが,本調査で朝食にみそ汁を摂る者は33.3%であり,最近はみそ汁以外の副食で食事をする者がかなりあると思われる。・1食に食べるみそ汁は,ほとんどの者が1杯であり1椀の汁の量は80～140gが56.6%であった。・みそ汁の時間経過に伴う塩分濃度の変化についての実験結果によると,みそ汁の塩分は時間経過とともに実の方に移行し,又実の量が多いほど汁の塩分濃度の低下は大きかった。・塩分濃度を測定した結果は,ばらつきが多く最もうすいものは0.59%,濃いものは1.75%で,平均1.04±0.22%であった。祖父母同居と核家族における塩分濃度の差はあまりみられなかった。・日常食べているみそ汁のからさについては,かなり濃いものも,うすいものも,ちょうど良いと答えている者がほとんどであった。塩分濃度では1.2%未満でからいと感じている者が11.5%あり,中でも1%未満でからいと感じている者が5.7%あり,かなりうす味が定着していると思われる。・1食のみそ汁からの塩分摂取量は,ばらつきが大きく,平均では1.31±0.61gであり,1～2g摂取するものが56.0%であった。・汁の実の量の多少と塩分摂取量の関係は,実の多いほど摂取量は少なかった

調理における汁物の塩分濃度

Appropriate content of salt and seasonings in soups of mass feeding (MF) were studied and the following results were obtained. 1) The salt content in soups of MF was varied with the kind of souplmiso soup, consomme soup, Chinese soup and sumashijiru. The difference of salt centent caused by the addifion of seasonings; miso, soysouce, salt and instant powdered consomme. 2) The salt content of MF soups; misosoup, consomme soup, Chinese soup and sumashijiru were 1.0%, 0.8%, 0.7% and 0.8% respectively. 3) In quantities of food service , serving for many persons, over 600, MF soups were keeping warm with heating weakly about 60 minutes, in this process, salt content was increasing. 4) The salt content of MF soups showed low compared with that of caliculated and small feeding soup. The slow heating rate of MF influenced the condition of low salt content of MF soup. Reaults of this study is useful for preparation of the adequate of salt and seasonings in soups of mass feeding, and ivestigated the standardization of the condition for MF soups