Versatilidad del colgajo safeno para la cobertura de los defectos de rodilla: presentación de 6 casos

Clásicamente las pérdidas de sustancia de la rodilla se resuelven mediante injertos, colgajos cutáneos o fasciocutáneos, o bien por colgajos musculares de gemelo interno o externo, según la localización y profundidad del defecto. El propósito del trabajo es destacar la creciente relevancia de los colgajos neurovaseularizados como el colgajo safeno en la rodilla, en especial para aquellos casos sin gran componente infeccioso, en los que prevalecerían las indicaciones de utilización de colgajos musculares. Presentamos 4 casos de cobertura de prótesis de rodila expuestas en la región de la tuberosidad tibial anterior y/o línea de sutura y otros 2 casos de defectos tras resección tumoral. Los casos han sido realizados durante los 3 últimos años y su seguimiento clínico es de 6 meses a 3 años. En todos los casos se resolvió el problema de cobertura.Traditionally, substance loss at the knee level is solved through skin grafts, cutaneous or fascio-cutaneous flaps or through medial o lateral gastrocnemius muscle flaps depeding on the location and deep of the defect. We highlight the increasing relevance of neurovasculariccd flaps, and specially in this region, of the saphenous flap, better in cases with minor infectious component, in which the indication would be muscular flaps. We present four clinical cases in which we used them to cover anterior tibial tuberosity and/or dehiscent of skin closure and collected during the 3 last years another two cases with cutaneous defect after tumoral resection. All have uneventful recovery. The follow-up period varied from 6 months to 3 years

Winter distributions of Dinophysis populations: do they help to predict the onset of the bloom?

Blooms of diarrhetic shellfish toxin (DST) producers of the genus Dinophysis (D. acuminata, D. acuta) pose the main threat to the sustainable exploitation of cultivated mussels and other bivalves on the Atlantic coasts of Europe. Dinophysis species do not rely on cysts as a seeding strategy. Detection and evaluation of holoplanktonic populations surviving after bloom decline may be the key to predict the initiation of next year’s bloom. Three cruises were carried out on the NW Iberian shelf in February 2013 (DINVER 2013), January 2006 (DINVER 2006) and May-June 1993 (MORENA 93) to explore winter (D. acuminata) and pre-bloom (D. acuta) distributions of harmful microalgal species. Sampling protocols were adapted to be able to detect extremely low densities (1-5 cells l-1) of Dinophysis species. Potential inoculum populations in retention areas, as previously described for other species in upwelling regions, were not found on these cruises. Here we explore retrospectively data from these cruises, identify hydrodynamic patterns, and accompanying microplanktonic communities, in an attempt to untangle a crucial question in Dinophysis population dynamics: how to predict the initiation of the Dinophysis growth season.ISSHAEn prens

Quantum effective potential for U(1) fields on S^2_L X S^2_L

We compute the one-loop effective potential for noncommutative U(1) gauge fields on S^2_L X S^2_L. We show the existence of a novel phase transition in the model from the 4-dimensional space S^2_L X S^2_L to a matrix phase where the spheres collapse under the effect of quantum fluctuations. It is also shown that the transition to the matrix phase occurs at infinite value of the gauge coupling constant when the mass of the two normal components of the gauge field on S^2_L X S^2_L is sent to infinity.Comment: 13 pages. one figur

Towards a HAB forecast service in the Galician region

We will present the recent developments of our forecasting capabilities to warn of impending harmful algal blooms (HABs) in Galicia, where aquaculture has a strong socio-economic impact. A HAB warning service for monitoring agencies and the aquaculture industry has been developed as a demonstration of a Copernicus marine downstream service coupled to the MyOcean service. In this contribution, we describe the Galician ASIMUTH forecast system and demonstrate its skill in predicting HAB transport and its usefulness to provide assessment for the management of the areas affected by toxic outbreaks. We also describe the Galician pilot HAB bulletins, aimed at distributing forecasts of HAB events that might induce closures of harvesting areas or, when the areas are already closed, at giving information on forthcoming oceanographic conditions that could favour or hamper the opening of an area. Our results show that the model forecasts and the bulletins can provide early warning of the risk of Dinophysis spp. events and the risk of closures linked to the presence of toxins above regulatory levels in harvesting areas.Instituto Español de Oceanografí

Compuestos orgánicos volátiles de especies aromáticas como promotores de crecimiento del tomate saladette (Solanum lycopersicum Mill.)

Objetive: The present study analysed the effects of the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) of the foliage and flowers of Ocimum basilicum, Tagetes erecta and Origanum majorana on the growth of the Saladette tomato. Design/Method/Approach: The aromatic species in their phase of development and flowering were transplanted between grooves of tomato plants. The treatments (Association of aromatic species 1, 2 and 3 in development + tomato plant, association of aromatic species 1, 2 and 3 in flowering + tomato plant and tomato plant without association) were randomized under a completely randomized experimental design, with arrangements in blocks. The indicators of the phenology and growth of tomato plants were measured. The information was analyzed according to the ANOVA (0.05) and based on the calculated F. Next, the Tukey method (0.5) was applied. Results: The results show that the association of aromatic species offers a positive effect on the growth of tomato plants and the flowering stage showed clear results. The Tagetes erecta species produced a highly significant difference with respect to the control and Ocimum basilicum (Tukey 0.05), this showed that Marigold improves the height, diameter of the stem and the biomass of the vegetable. In addition, the Volatile Organic Compounds of T. erecta caused early flowering in the tomato (5 days). Research Limitations/ Implications:  The plantation interspersed between aromatic species and vegetables generated costs, this can be a limiting factor in the transfer of technology. Findings/Conclusions: The Volatile Organic Compounds of the aromatic species participate as plant breeders and controlling tomato stress. Thus, the primary crop or the vegetable associated with Tagetes erecta and Origanum majorana favors the height, the diameter of the stem, the biomass and presents an early flowering (5 days) obtaining an early harvest.  Objetivo: Analizar los efectos de los Compuesto Orgánicos Volátiles (COVs) del follaje y de las flores de Ocimum basilicum, Tagetes erecta y Origanum majorana, en el crecimiento del tomate Saladette. Diseño/metodología/aproximación: Las especies aromáticas en su fase de desarrollo y floración se trasplantaron entre los surcos de las plantas de tomate; los tratamientos (Asociación de especies aromáticas  1, 2 y 3 en desarrollo + planta de tomate; asociación de especies aromáticas 1, 2 y 3 en floración + planta de tomate y planta tomate sin asociación) fueron aleatorizadas bajo un diseño experimental completamente al azar, con arreglos en bloques. Los indicadores de la fenología y crecimiento de las plantas de tomate fueron medidos; la información se analizó de acuerdo al ANOVA (0.05) y con base a la F calcula, se procedió con la prueba posteriori por el método de Tukey (0.05). Resultados: Los resultados demuestran que la asociación de especies aromáticas ofrece un efecto positivo en el crecimiento de las plantas de tomate; expresándose más notorios en etapa de floración de las especies aromáticas. La especie Tagetes erecta produjo una diferencia altamente significativa con respecto al testigo y Ocimum basilicum (Tukey 0.05), esto demostró que el Cempasúchil mejora la altura, diámetro del tallo y la biomasa de la hortaliza. Además, los Compuestos Orgánicos Volátiles de T. erecta causaron floración temprana en el tomate (5 días). Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones: La plantación intercalada entre especies aromáticas y hortalizas generó costos, ésto puede ser un factor limitante en la transferencia de tecnología. Hallazgos/conclusiones: Los compuestos orgánicos volátiles de las especies aromáticas participan como fitomejoradores y controlan el estrés del tomate. Así, el cultivo primario o la hortaliza asociado con Tagetes erecta y Origanum majorana favorece la altura, el diámetro del tallo, la biomasa y presenta una floración temprana (5 días) obteniendo una cosecha anticipada. &nbsp

The Spanish Institute of Oceanography Observing System around N and NW Iberia

In the late 80's, the Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO) began some ambitious programs of monitoring around the Iberian Peninsula. The coastal observing system core structure was the Radiales program, a series of transects nearby most coastal IEO laboratories where a minimum set of hydrographical, chemical and biological parameters is sampled monthly. The sections are designed to be completed in one-day journeys so the system is supported by quite small vessels, mainly covering the continental shelf with the noteworthy exception of the Santander Section, where the proximity of the shelf-break allows sampling deep waters monthly. During the last 20 years the program has supported many specific scientific research projects and has created a detailed description of seasonal to interannual variability in the coastal ecosystem that serves as a baseline to explore long-term changes or trends...Versión de auto

Recent changes in the pelagic ecosystem of the Iberian Atlantic in the context of multidecadal variability

Trends in ecosystem variables of the Eastern North Atlantic shelf near the Iberian Peninsula were analysed in relation to regional climate and oceanographic variability. In addition, detailed changes in oceanographic properties (surface temperature, upwelling and poleward current activity) and biological components (plankton and pelagic consumers) in the period 1989-2005 were compared with the main trends and multidecadal periods observed in time series dating back to 1950. In contrast to previous studies, the North Atlantic Oscillation did not appear as the main influence in the climate of the North Iberian region, while East-West and subtropical gradients were the dominant modes. Climatic oscillations at decadal scales were paralleled by similar oscillations in oceanographic and biological variables, but the latter appeared weakly related to climate. Time- lags of up to 5 years in the biological response may partly explain these relationships. The main planktivorous fish species (sardine and anchovy) alternate in periods of 10-15 years of relative dominance, in synchrony with equivalent species around the world. In contrast, plankton cycles appear greatly modified after 1990 in coincidence with shifts in climatic and oceanographic variables. Subregional variability indicated divergent trends in biological variables, particularly the zooplankton increase off A Coruña and the decrease in the Bay of Biscay since 1990. Such divergences are related to direct and indirect effects of global changes in this transitional upwelling region

Cold-water corals research in the lab and in the field: (1) growth rates of four CWC species maintained in aquaria, (2) new research areas: the Galicia Bank and the Avilés canyon (Atlantic and Cantabrian Sea), a scientific and methodological approach

Growth rates of 4 Cold-water Coral (CWC) species (Madrepora occulata, Lophe/ia pertusa, Desmophyllum cristagalli and Dendrophyllia cornigera) from the Mediterranean Sea have been measured under the same and controlled laboratory conditions over a nine months period. Results showed that M. occulata grew faster than the other three species, which presented similar growth rates. These results are discussed and also compared with the growth of tropical coral species maintained in aquaria, but in different light and temperature conditions, which corresponded to the usual culture conditions of these corals. It appeared that the zooxanthellate tropical coral Galaxea fascicularis exhibited similar growth rates than the CWC M. oculata. Further we present new research areas on the Atlantic and Cantabrian continental margin, the Galicia Bank and the Aviles canyon, which are part of the zones studied in the Spanish LIFE project INDEMARES, as well as possible targets as Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) for the NATURA 2000 network. Both areas are studied considering an ecosystem approach, aboarding an integrated study of the physical scenario (hydrography, geomorphology), all ecosystem compartments (fish, endo-, epi-, and suprabenthic and benthopelagic fauna) and the trophic relationships between them. All this information, together with the study of the impact of the fisheries working in the areas, will be integrated in a trophodynamic mass-balance model and will be used to identify vulnerable ecosystems (VE) (as the CWC habitats are) and essential fish habitats (EFH). This methodological approach offers a holistic view of these deep-sea ecosystems and can be used to design more effective and successful management strategies for MPA