Disseny i construcció d´un dron de navegació automàtica a vela

Aquest projecte consisteix a dissenyar i construir un model d´embarcació de vela que sigui capaç de navegar de manera autònoma seguint uns punts de ruta establerts. el sistema haurà de ser capaç de triar el recorregut i l´ajust de les veles més òptim segons les condicions de vent existents per tal d´arribar al següent punt de la ruta establerta. l´objectiu d´aquesta embarcació és oferir una plataforma on poder-hi instal·lar sensors que serveixin per a l´estudi atmosfèric i marí. en aquest projecte s´hi instal·laran alguns sensors de prova que podran ser substituïts a la llarga per equips més especialitzats. per la seva complexitat es recomana la realització d´aquest tfg en equip de dues persones

Calidad y adecuación técnica a la normativa de los exámenes de vigilancia de la salud de la población trabajadora en relación con su finalidad preventiva = Qualitat i adequació tècnica a la normativa dels exàmens de vigilància de la salut de la població treballadora en relació amb la seva finalitat preventiva

Objetivo. Analizar si los exámenes de vigilancia de la salud en Cataluña se realizan con un grado de calidad suficiente que permitiría dar respuesta a la finalidad preventiva inherente a la normativa e identificar posibles diferencias según el tipo de servicio de prevención. Método. Análisis de contenido de la normativa relacionada con la vigilancia de la salud e identificación de conceptos preventivos. Estos conceptos se asociaron a las preguntas de un cuestionario realizado a profesionales sanitarios que realizaban exámenes de salud en su práctica habitual. Se establecieron criterios de calidad (mínimos que deben cumplirse para garantizar que la práctica profesional sea de calidad) y se calcularon indicadores de calidad (porcentaje de profesionales cuya práctica profesional cumplía los criterios de calidad) de forma global y por tipo de servicio de prevención. Se definieron estándares de calidad (mínimo exigible: cumplimiento de los criterios de calidad por parte de más del 75% de los profesionales). Resultados. Los conceptos identificados fueron: disponibilidad de información clínica y de exposición, especificidad, identificación de trabajadores especialmente sensibles, derivación a mutua, elaboración de propuestas preventivas, e independencia profesional y no perjuicio para el trabajador. Los indicadores de calidad oscilaron entre 0 y 88%, siendo en general más bajos en los servicios de prevención ajenos. Ningún concepto superó globalmente el estándar de calidad. Conclusiones. El grado de calidad con que se realizan los exámenes de vigilancia de la salud en Cataluña no parece ser suficiente para dar respuesta a la finalidad preventiva inherente a la normativa, siendo la situación peor en los servicios de prevención ajeno

Compliance with the DPP-4 inhibitors dose adjustment recommendations based on renal function in a population database Cumplimiento de las recomendaciones de ajuste de la dosis de inhibidores DPP4 según la función renal en una base de datos poblacional

Objective: To examine the prescription pattern of the different dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4is), depending on the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) under real-world clinical practice conditions. Method: This was a descriptive, observational study using a population database (SIDIAP Catalonia). Subjects diagnosed with T2DM with kidney function assessed and on active treatment with DPP4is were enrolled. Patients were included at the time of the measurement of eGFR (CKD-EPI) and were monitored for 6 months after enrolment. For each subject, the prescribed daily dose (PDD) of DPP4i, the theoretical dose according to the degree of renal failure established by the recommendations in the summary of product characteristics (DDD-adj), and the PDR ratio (PDD/DDD-adj) were estimated. A subject was considered overtreated if his/her RDR was greater than 1.2 (>20%). Results: The study sample consisted of 72,135 subjects with a mean age of 69.7 (±11.6) years and 55.9% males. The proportion of patients overtreated varied depending on the type of DPP4i and the renal function stage. Overall, overdosage was recorded in 7.15% of all DPP4i treatments. In advanced stages (IIIb, IV and V), overdosage was much higher (36.8% for all DPP4is, and 58.7% if linagliptin is excluded). Discussion: Under real-world clinical practice conditions, more than one third of T2DM patients with advanced renal failure were overdosed with DPP4is because the doses were not adequately adjusted to the glomerular filtration rate of each patient

Development and Instrumentation of a 2 Meters Length Autonomous Sailboat for the Collection of Oceanographic Data

[Resumen] Esta contribución presenta la construcción y automatización de un velero de 2 metros de eslora concebido para navegar de manera autónoma y llevar a cabo mediciones científicas. Se describe la instrumentación y la recogida de información por parte de los distintos sensores. La transmisión de esta información se realiza en forma de trama al procesador principal, el cual ejecuta un algoritmo de control para generar las órdenes a los servos de los timones y al servo del alerón de la vela. El procesador principal también es el encargado de la presentación de los datos en el formato JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). Se comentan aspectos concretos de la maniobra de la vela y se presenta el resultado experimental de las primeras pruebas de mar.[Abstract] This contribution presents the construction and automation of a 2 meters long sailboat designed to autonomously navigate and carry out scientific measurements. The instrumentation and the collection of information by the different sensors are described. The transmission of this information is carried out in the form of a frame to the main processor, which executes a control algorithm to generate the commands to the rudder servos and the wing aileron servo. The main processor is also responsible for presenting the data in the JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) format. Specific aspects of the maneuvering of the sail are discussed and the experimental results of the first sea trials are presented.Los autores agradecen a la Facultat de Náutica de Barcelona la ayuda económica para la realización del proyecto Sensailor, así como a todos los patrocinadores que han colaborado aportando equipos y dispositivos.https://doi.org/10.17979/spudc.9788497498043

Safety of intramuscular influenza vaccine in patients receiving oral anticoagulation therapy: a single blinded multi-centre randomized controlled clinical trial

Influenza vaccines are recommended for administration by the intramuscular route. However, many physicians use the subcutaneous route for patients receiving an oral anticoagulant because this route is thought to induce fewer hemorrhagic side effects. Our aim is to assess the safety of intramuscular administration of influenza vaccine in patients on oral anticoagulation therapy. Methods: Design: Randomised, controlled, single blinded, multi-centre clinical trial. Setting: 4 primary care practices in Barcelona, Spain. Participants: 229 patients on oral anticoagulation therapy eligible for influenza vaccine during the 20032004 season. Interventions: intramuscular administration of influença vaccine in the experimental group (129 patients) compared to subcutaneous administration in the control group (100 patients). Primary outcome: change in the circumference of the arm at the site of injection at 24 hours. Secondary outcomes: appearance of local reactions and pain at 24 hours and at 10 days; change in INR (International Normalized Ratio) at 24 hours and at 10 days. Analysis was by intention to treat using the 95% confidence intervals of the proportions or mean differences. Results: Baseline variables in the two groups were similar. No major side effects or major haemorrhage during the follow-up period were reported. No significant differences were observed in the primary outcome between the two groups. The appearance of local adverse reactions was more frequent in the subcutaneous administration group (37,4% vs. 17,4%, 95% confidence interval of the difference 8,2% to 31,8%). Conclusion: This study shows that the intramuscular administration route of influenza vaccine in patients on anticoagulant therapy does not have more side effects than the subcutaneous administration rout

Value contribution of cenobamate for the treatment of Focal-Onset Seizures (FOS) in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) in Spain through reflective Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA)

Introduction: Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological conditions worldwide. The main goal of its treatment is to achieve seizure freedom without intolerable adverse effects. However, despite the availability of many anti-seizure medications, including the latest options, called third-generation anti-seizure medications (ASMs), approximately 40% of people with epilepsy present drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). Cenobamate is the first ASM approved in Spain for the adjunctive treatment of Focal-Onset Seizures (FOS) in adult patients with DRE. In a chronic disease with a portfolio of available ASMs, the deci-sion to introduce a new therapeutic alternative must follow a holistic evaluation of value provided. Reflective Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) methodology allows to determine the value contribu-tion of a treatment in a given indication considering all relevant criteria for healthcare decision-making in a transparent and systematic manner from the perspective of relevant stakeholders.Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the relative value contribution of cenobamate in the treatment of FOS in patients with DRE compared with third-generation ASMs using reflective MCDA-based methodology. Methods: A systematic literature review (combining biomedical databases and grey literature sources) was performed to populate the Evidence and Value: Impact on DEcisionMaking (EVIDEM) MCDA frame-work adapted to determine what represents value in the management of FOS in patients with DRE in Spain. The study was conducted in two phases. The first took place in 2021 with a multi-stakeholder group of eight participants. The second phase was conducted in 2022 with a multi-stakeholder group of 32 participants. Participants were trained in MCDA methodology and scored four evidence matrices (cenobamate vs. brivaracetam, vs. perampanel, vs. lacosamide and vs. eslicarbazepine acetate).Results were analyzed and discussed in a group meeting through reflective MCDA discussion methodology. Results: DRE is considered a very severe condition associated with many important unmet needs, mainly with regard to the lack of more effective treatments to achieve the ultimate goal of treatment. Compared to third-generation ASMs, cenobamate is perceived to have a better efficacy profile based on improve-ments in responder rate and seizure freedom. Regarding safety, it is considered to have a similar profile to alternatives and a positive quality-of-life profile. Cenobamate results in lower direct medical costs (excluding pharmacological) and indirect costs. Overall, cenobamate is regarded as providing a high therapeutic impact and supported by high-quality evidence. Conclusions: Based on reflective MCDA methodology and stakeholders' experience in clinical management of epilepsy in Spain, cenobamate is perceived as a value-added option for the treatment of patients with DRE when compared with third-generation ASMs.& COPY; 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

Catalunya i Espanya (II)

Pròleg de Maite VilaltaPodeu consultar el volum (I) a: http://hdl.handle.net/2445/145138 i el volum (II) a: http://hdl.handle.net/2445/171999Des de fa un temps, la societat catalana viu immersa en el debat sobre quin ha de ser l’encaix de Catalunya a l’Estat espanyol, i les diferents posicions s’han polaritzat per la complexitat d’un moment polític marcat pels esdeveniments dels darrers anys. En aquest context, la col·lecció Debats UB aporta una visió acadèmica a les qüestions que més preocupen la ciutadania, així com elements d’anàlisi que fomentin la reflexió col·lectiva. Aquest segon volum recull les aportacions de deu autors de diverses universitats i institucions que, des del seu compromís amb la llibertat i l’honestedat intel·lectual, analitzen alguns aspectes cabdals de la relació entre Catalunya i Espanya: l’organització territorial, la llengua, l’educació i, també, la política, l’únic espai en què serà possible el diàleg i la resolució dels conflictes