110 research outputs found
AttivitĂ in alcuni generi di psicoterapia
The main aim of our paper is to contribute to the outline of a general inventory of activities in psychotherapy, as a step towards a description of overall conversational organizations of diff erent therapeutic approaches. From the perspective of Conversation Analysis, we describe some activities commonly occurrring in a corpus of sessions conducted by cognitive and relational-systemic therapists. Two activities appear to be basic: (a) inquiry: therapists elicit information from patients on their problems and circumstances; (b) reworking: therapists say something designed as an elaboration of what patients have previously said, or as something that can be grounded on it; and patients are induced to confi rm/disprove and contribute to the elaboration. Furthermore, we describe other activities, which turn out to be auxiliary to the basic ones: storytelling, procedural arrangement, recalling, noticing, teaching. We fi nally show some ways in which these activities can be integrated through conversational interaction
Loewner integer-order approximation of MIMO fractional-order systems
A stateâspace integerâorder approximation of commensurateâorder systems is obtained using a dataâdriven interpolation approach based on Loewner matrices. Precisely, given the values of the original fractionalâorder transfer function at a number of generalised frequencies, a descriptorâform stateâspace model matching these frequency response values is constructed from a suitable Loewner matrix pencil, as already suggested for the reduction of highâdimensional integerâorder systems. Even if the stability of the resulting integerâorder system cannot be guaranteed, such an approach is particularly suitable for approximating (infiniteâdimensional) fractionalâorder systems because: (i) the order of the approximation is bounded by half the number of interpolation points, (ii) the procedure is more robust and simple than alternative approximation methods, and (iii) the procedure is fairly flexible and often leads to satisfactory results, as shown by some examples discussed at the end of the article. Clearly, the approximation depends on the location, spacing and number of the generalised interpolation frequencies but there is no particular reason to choose the interpolation frequencies on the imaginary axis, which is a natural choice in integerâorder model reduction, since this axis does not correspond to the stability boundary of the original fractionalâorder system
Efficiency of the fused magnesium potassium phosphate for soybean.
Abstract: The use of ground natural rocks (in natura) containing K was evaluated for the cultivation of rice (NEPTUNE et al., 1980), corn (Siqueira et al., 1985) and more recently in corn, soybeans and mil- let (Resende et al., 2006), whose agronomic results were not satisfactory. However, when the potassic rock is fused at high temperatures and calcare- ous is added, you get the product known as fused magnesium potassium phosphate (TK) with K availability increased. In a study to evaluate the fused magnesi- um potassium phosphate in corn, there was an in- crease in the production of dry matter and higher K accumulation accumulation in plants (FAQUIN et al., 1987) mass. High agronomic efficiency of this source was also observed for Marandu-grass with equivalent or su- perior results when compared to KCI. No study, however, was con- ducted to assess the efficacy of fused magnesium potassium phosphate in providing K for soybean, which is recognized for its strategic importance in the Brazilian agribusiness. In light of the above, this study aimed to assess the efficacy of the fused magnesium potas- sium phosphate as a source of potassium for soy- bean
Optostimulation of striatonigral terminals in substantia nigra induces dyskinesia that increases after LâDOPA in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease
Background and Purpose: L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) remains a major complication of L-DOPA therapy in Parkinson's disease. LID is believed to result from inhibition of substantia nigra reticulata (SNr) neurons by GABAergic striatal projection neurons that become supersensitive to dopamine receptor stimulation after severe nigrostriatal degeneration. Here, we asked if stimulation of direct medium spiny neuron (dMSN) GABAergic terminals at the SNr can produce a full dyskinetic state similar to that induced by L-DOPA. Experimental Approach: Adult C57BL6 mice were lesioned with 6-hydroxydopamine in the medial forebrain bundle. Channel rhodopsin was expressed in striatonigral terminals by ipsilateral striatal injection of adeno-associated viral particles under the CaMKII promoter. Optic fibres were implanted on the ipsilateral SNr. Optical stimulation was performed before and 24 hr after three daily doses of L-DOPA at subthreshold and suprathreshold dyskinetic doses. We also examined the combined effect of light stimulation and an acute L-DOPA challenge. Key Results: Optostimulation of striatonigral terminals inhibited SNr neurons and induced all dyskinesia subtypes (optostimulation-induced dyskinesia [OID]) in 6-hydroxydopamine animals, but not in sham-lesioned animals. Additionally, chronic L-DOPA administration sensitised dyskinetic responses to striatonigral terminal optostimulation, as OIDs were more severe 24 hr after L-DOPA administration. Furthermore, L-DOPA combined with light stimulation did not result in higher dyskinesia scores than OID alone, suggesting that optostimulation has a masking effect on LID. Conclusion and Implications: This work suggests that striatonigral inhibition of basal ganglia output (SNr) is a decisive mechanism mediating LID and identifies the SNr as a target for managing LID.Fil: Keifman, Ettel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de FisiologĂa y BiofĂsica Bernardo Houssay. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de FisiologĂa y BiofĂsica Bernardo Houssay; Argentina. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientĂficas; EspañaFil: Ruiz De Diego, Irene. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientĂficas; EspañaFil: Pafundo, Diego Esteban. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de FisiologĂa y BiofĂsica Bernardo Houssay. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de FisiologĂa y BiofĂsica Bernardo Houssay; ArgentinaFil: Paz, Rodrigo Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de FisiologĂa y BiofĂsica Bernardo Houssay. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de FisiologĂa y BiofĂsica Bernardo Houssay; ArgentinaFil: SolĂs, Oscar. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientĂficas; EspañaFil: Murer, Mario Gustavo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de FisiologĂa y BiofĂsica Bernardo Houssay. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de FisiologĂa y BiofĂsica Bernardo Houssay; ArgentinaFil: Moratalla, Rosario. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientĂficas; Españ
Nias: habitat et mégalithisme
Viaro Alain M. Nias: habitat et mégalithisme. In: Archipel, volume 27, 1984. pp. 109-148
Habitat et urbanité : Mingora et la vallée de la Swat (nord-ouest du Pakistan)
Viaro Alain M., Ziegler Ariette. Habitat et urbanité : Mingora et la vallée de la Swat (nord-ouest du Pakistan). In: Le Globe. Revue genevoise de géographie, tome 139, 1999. Habiter. pp. 109-141
Dual motor response to L-dopa and nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor antagonists in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) treated mice: Paradoxical inhibition is relieved by D2/D3 receptor blockade
Motor activity of mice acutely treated with the parkinsonian toxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine
(MPTP) was monitored for 6 days using behavioral tests which provide complementary
information on motor function: the bar, reaction time, drag, stair climbing, grip, rotarod and footprinting
tests. These tests consistently disclosed a prolonged motor impairment characterized by akinesia,
bradykinesia, speed reduction, loss of coordination and gait patterns. This impairment was associated
with âŒ60% loss of striatal dopamine terminals, as revealed by tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemistry,
and was attenuated by dopaminergic drugs. Indeed, the dopamine precursor, L-dopa (1â10 mg/kg), and the
D3/D2 receptor agonist pramipexole (0.0001â0.001 mg/kg) promoted stepping activity in the drag test (a
test for akinesia/bradykinesia). The novel nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor (NOP) antagonist 1-[1-
(cyclooctylmethyl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-5-(hydroxymethyl)-4-pyridinyl]-3-ethyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-
2-one (Trap-101, 0.001â0.1 mg/kg), an analogue of 1-[(3R,4R)-1-cyclooctylmethyl-3-hydroxymethyl-
4-piperidyl]-3-ethyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one (J-113397), also promoted stepping and
synergistically or additively (depending on test) attenuated parkinsonism when combined to dopamine
agonists. High doses of L-dopa (100 mg/kg), pramipexole (0.1 mg/kg), Trap-101 and J-113397 (1 mg/kg),
however, failed to modulate stepping, worsening immobility time and/or rotarod performance. Low doses
of amisulpride (0.1 mg/kg) reversed motor inhibition induced by L-dopa and J-113397, suggesting
involvement of D2/D3 receptors. This study brings further evidence for a dopamine-dependent motor
phenotype in MPTP-treated mice reinforcing the view that this model can be predictive of symptomatic
antiparkinsonian activity provided the appropriate test is used. Moreover, it offers mechanistic
interpretation to clinical reports of paradoxical worsening of parkinsonism following L-dopa. Finally, it
confirms that NOP receptor antagonists may be proven effective in reversing parkinsonism when
administered alone or in combination with dopamine agonists
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