Reflection of Aesthetic in the Idea of Saint Aurelius Augustinus

In this study, Saint Aurelius Augustinus’ philosophical point of view and his understanding of art and his thinking are discussed. The aesthetic stance, aesthetic ideas and views in his mind were revealed. St. Augustinus, synthesizing Ancient Greece and Christianity in a Neoplatonic understanding, argues that the source of all knowledge is “God”. According to him, philosophy is an opportunity to find oneself as an activity of self-knowledge. Because, man approaches “God” and tries to discover “God’s source of knowledge with philosophy. For this reason, art is together with thought, and thoughts are together with art.In St. Augustinus’ philosophical understanding, as man imitates “God”, he acquires the knowledge of beautiful, good, pleasant, happiness, love, etc., concepts. In this context, it uses aesthetic elements to acquire spiritual satisfaction. St. Augustinus’ aim is to reach perfection based on the movement from the part to the whole in order to achieve the ideal form. In addition, according to him, if unity and integrity are provided, beauty manifests itself. Beauty is not a temporary thing. According to him, harmony, order, measure, unity, equality and integrity are the basic principles of beauty, and absolute beauty is what manifests itself in these principles

USE OF SALICYLIC ACID IN LETTUCE PLANT AGAINST INCREASING METEOROLOGICAL DROUGHT

Climate change and related meteorological drought have been one of the most important factors limiting plant production in Turkey as well as in the whole world. Producers have to develop quick solutions for sudden drought and water shortage conditions in the field. One of these solutions is the application of various chemicals that provide resistance to drought during the growing period of plants. Since the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Türkiye is a semi-arid region, mostly irrigated agriculture is carried out from early spring to the beginning of winter. Especially in dry periods, the negative effects of drought are seen rapidly in plants such as lettuce, which are sensitive to water deficiency. In order to reduce these negative effects, different salicylic acid (SA) concentrations were tried under deficient irrigation conditions in lettuce plant grown in autumn planting in Diyarbakır. For this purpose, three different irrigation water amounts and four different SA concentrations were applied. According to these applications, the lowest leaf length was obtained from the subject where SA was not applied and the lowest dose of irrigation water. The lowest leaf width was obtained from the subject where the lowest dose of irrigation water was applied. The highest whole plant dry weight was obtained from the subject treated with the least amount of water and 0.50 mM SA. The effects of irrigation water and SA on SPAD readings and the water-soluble dry matter parameter in plants were not statistically significant

Genetic characterization of banana clones grown in Turkey based on nuclear DNA content and SRAP markers

This study was conducted to investigate the genetic relationships among banana clones grown in Turkey based on their nuclear DNA contents and SRAP markers. Four banana clones including 'Dwarf Cavendish', 'Grand Nain', 'Azman' and local 'Erdemli' were used as plant material. Nuclear DNA content of the banana cultivars estimated by flow cytometer and varied between 1.766 pg ('Erdemli') and 2.028 pg ('Grand Nain'). 'Azman' and 'Dwarf Cavendish' was similar nuclear DNA content. Genetic similarities of 4 banana clones were between 0.63-0.91 based on SRAP molecular marker. The local  'Erdemli' banana clone was the most distinct from the others. In conclusion, there is a high level of genetic variation among the banana clones grown in Turkey and the local clone 'Erdemli' is the most distinct one. This study showed that nuclear DNA content analysis together with molecular markers can be useful to assess the relationships among banana clones

Correlation of [18F]FDG PET activity with expressions of Ki-67 in non-small-cell lung cancer

Background: Lung carcinoma is the most commonly diagnosed cancer throughout the world and is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for up to 80% of newly diagnosed lung cancer cases. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Ki-67 proliferation index (PI) and the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) obtained from [18F]FDG PET/CT in NSCLCs and whether prognosis was predicted with SUVmax values.Material and methods: This retrospective study included biopsy and resection materials of 41 patients, who were examined in the pathology laboratory of Konya Training and Research Hospital between January 2010 and December 2019, and diagnosed with NSCLC, and whose [18F]FDG PET/CT images were present.Results: There was no significant difference between histopathological subtypes in terms of age (p = 0.077), Ki-67 PI (p = 0.454), and SUVmax (p = 0.143). No correlation was observed between Ki-67 PI and SUVmax values obtained from [18F]FDG PET/CT (p = 0.338, r = 0.153). There was no significant correlation between Ki-67 PI and tumor diameter (p = 0.531). The SUVmax value was found to be lower (12.78 ± 6.14) in tumors measuring ≤ 2.5 in diameter and higher (18.46 ± 7.81) in tumors measuring > 2.5 cm (p = 0.027). Metastases not proven histopathologically but detected in [18F]FDG PET/CT were found to have no significant correlation with Ki-67 and SUVmax values (p = 0.881, p = 0.837).Conclusions: This study showed that there was no significant relationship between Ki-67 PI and SUVmax value obtained from [18F]FDG PET/CT in NSCLC tumors

Determination of genetic diversity among wild grown apricots from Sakit valley in Turkey using SRAP markers

Sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) marker was employed first time to analyze genetic diversity of 57 seed propagated early-maturated wild grown apricot genotypes sampled from different parts of Sakit valley in Mediterranean Region of Turkey. Of the total 19 primer combinations investigated, 16 could amplify clearly and consistently. They produced a total of 87 fragments, of which 56 (64.3%) were polymorphic bands. All bands obtained from Me3-Em2, Me2-Em10 and Me2-Em6 primers were polymorphic. The cluster analysis revealed that the 57 genotypes were grouped into three major clusters. The similarity ratio among genotypes was between 0.73 and 0.94. There were no identical genotypes. The study revealed that SRAP marker system was useful in identification and genetic diversity analysis of wild grown apricots

Defect assisted optical limiting performance of hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets in aqueous suspension and PMMA nanocomposite films

Defect-assisted nonlinear absorption (NLA) and optical limiting (OL) performance of hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets (h-BNNS) in aqueous suspension and in polymethyl methacrylate matrix (PMMA) as nanocomposite films were studied using open-aperture Z-scan method. To evaluate the transmission in open-aperture Z-scan data, a theoretical model accounting one photon absorption (OPA), two photon absorption (TPA), free carrier absorption (FCA) and saturation of each process was considered. Defect-assisted NLA coefficients and saturation intensity thresholds were extracted from the fitting of the experimental results for 532 and 1064 nm pulse wavelengths. Strong defect-assisted NLA response of h-BNNS was observed while NLA at 532 nm was considerably stronger. This is attributed to the excitation of a greater number of defect states over a wider energy range. Our findings showed that h-BNNS/PMMA nanocomposite films feature highly required properties in OL applications and can function in OL applications in a wide spectral range (-200-1064 nm)