Russian Scientific Trends on Specific Language Impairment in Childhood

In Russia, there are many decades of experience in the scientific study of the problem of impaired language development in children. Today, the term “Systemic speech-and-language underdevelopment (SLU)” has firmly established in Russian science and practice, implying a complex developmental disorder of speech and language in children with a primary normal hearing and a conserved intellect, in which the main components of the language system are violated: vocabulary, grammar, phonetics, and, as a consequence, dialogic and monologic speech. Traditionally, a differentiated level-by-level analysis of the speech and language abilities of children is used. The variability of the manifestations and severity of speech-and-language disorders were initially systematized and characterized in four levels of underdevelopment: from the complete absence of phrase speech to the availability of simple and complex sentences with lexico-grammatical errors. Effective algorithms of speech therapist work with SLU are introduced. The effectiveness of the application of these models and algorithms on the material of various language groups is proved

Speech Therapy Work with Children Having Specific Language Impairment: Algorithms and Personalization

The concept of “personalization” is rather strengthened in pedagogy. At the same time, in Russia in the field of special pedagogy and, in particular, in speech therapy, there is an urgent need for personalized influence with specific language impairments. A review of Russian classical and modern data on the comorbidity of speech, language, motor skills, and other processes in children with specific language disorders is presented. The rationale for personifying speech therapy work in children with specific language impairments was justified. The scientific positions of the authors with respect to personalization in the field of differential evaluation, developmental effects, and prevention of systemic consequences of specific language impairments in children are indicated. The groups of personalized means and aids of influence of a speech therapist for specific language impairments in children are indicated. The directions of further development of the indicated problem of personalization of speech therapy work are determined

Jakuta Alikavazovic, La blonde et le bunker derrière le miroir…

Le roman que nous propose la romancière française, née en 1979, après le prix Goncourt du premier roman avec Les corps Volatils, a remporté la mention spéciale du jury Wepler. Et l’œuvre perturbe en effet tous nos repères, réalisant les aspirations de son auteure : « L’originalité dans la répétition. Le déjà-vu comme condition du sens, et paradoxalement comme irruption de la nouveauté. » Impossible de se raccrocher longtemps au désir d’élucidation, moteur du roman noir, tant la narration joue du speculum, à la fois jeux de regards et de miroirs, et spéculations de toutes sortes. Et pourtant, Jakuta Alikavazovic a éveillé notre curiosité et notre instinct de détective. C’est pourquoi nous vous proposons de nous suivre dans cette enquête, sur les traces du récit, avec pour seul indice celui qu’a laissé l’auteure derrière elle : « L’un des thèmes de La blonde et le bunker (comme de tous mes livres) est la disparition

Jakuta Alikavazovic, La blonde et le bunker derrière le miroir…

Le roman que nous propose la romancière française, née en 1979, après le prix Goncourt du premier roman avec Les corps Volatils, a remporté la mention spéciale du jury Wepler. Et l’œuvre perturbe en effet tous nos repères, réalisant les aspirations de son auteure : « L’originalité dans la répétition. Le déjà-vu comme condition du sens, et paradoxalement comme irruption de la nouveauté. » Impossible de se raccrocher longtemps au désir d’élucidation, moteur du roman noir, tant la narration joue du speculum, à la fois jeux de regards et de miroirs, et spéculations de toutes sortes. Et pourtant, Jakuta Alikavazovic a éveillé notre curiosité et notre instinct de détective. C’est pourquoi nous vous proposons de nous suivre dans cette enquête, sur les traces du récit, avec pour seul indice celui qu’a laissé l’auteure derrière elle : « L’un des thèmes de La blonde et le bunker (comme de tous mes livres) est la disparition

Automated Calculation of the Power of an Electric Heater for Heating Water in a Barn during Group Automatic Watering of Cattle

The article delves into the imperative need for automation in agricultural practices, with a specific focus on the automated calculation of the power required for an electric heater. This heater is designed to warm water in a barn during the automated group watering of cattle. The primary objective of this study is to develop a C++ program that can precisely determine the heating power essential for efficiently warming water in the given context. The article further expounds on the experimental methodology employed to ascertain the most effective heating power, taking into account various factors that influence the heating process. The goal of this research is to enhance labor productivity, elevate the quality of livestock care

Data from: Postcrania of juvenile Pinacosaurus grangeri (Ornithischia: Ankylosauria) from the Upper Cretaceous Alagteeg Formation, Alag Teeg, Mongolia: implications for ontogenetic allometry in ankylosaurs

The ankylosaurine Pinacosaurus is one of the best known ankylosaur to date in terms of the number and preservational quality of specimens. Juvenile to sub-adult postcrania collected by the Soviet-Mongolian Paleontological Expedition from the Upper Cretaceous Alagteeg Formation at Alag Teeg, Mongolia can be assigned to Pinacosaurus grangeri based on discrete cranial characters. One individual is significantly larger than the others and demonstrates delayed fusion of postcranial elements with the earliest occurring between dorsal ribs and vertebrae. The robustness of forelimb elements is positively allometric with respect to their length, indicating weight-bearing relationship. Such length-dependent correlations are not seen in the hind limbs. Finally, incipient cervical half rings suggest a developmental pathway of outgrowths from the underlying band combined with fusion of overlying osteoderms

Dexamethasone attenuates the modulatory effect of the insular cortex on the baroreflex in anesthetized rat

The arterial baroreflex (BR) is an important neural mechanism for the stabilization of arterial pressure (AP). It is known that the insular cortex (IC) and other parts of the central autonomic network (CAN) are able to modulate the BR arc, altering baroreflex sensitivity (BRS). In addition, the sensitivity of the BR changes under the influence of hormones, in particular glucocorticoids (GC). It has been suggested that GC may influence BRS by altering the ability of the IC to modulate the BR. This hypothesis has been tested in experiments on rats anesthetized with urethane. It was found that microelectrostimulation of the visceral area in the left IC causes a short-term drop in AP, which is accompanied by bradycardia, and impairs BRS. The synthetic GC dexamethasone (DEX) did not significantly affect the magnitude of depressor responses but increased BRS and impaired the effect of IC stimulation on the BR. The results obtained confirm the hypothesis put forward and suggest that GC can attenuate the inhibitory effects of the IC on the BR arc, thereby enhancing the sensitivity of the BR.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author

Supplemental_Data_1

Measurement data (in mm) for all specimens used in regression and statistical analyse

Global TALES feasibility study: Personal narratives in 10-year-old children around the world

Personal narratives make up more than half of children's conversations. The ability to share personal narratives helps build and maintain friendships, promotes physical and emotional wellbeing, supports classroom participation, and underpins academic success and vocational outcomes. Although personal narratives are a universal discourse genre, cross-cultural and cross-linguistic research into children's ability to share personal narratives is in its infancy. The current study addresses this gap in the research by developing the Global TALES protocol, a protocol comprising six scripted prompts for eliciting personal narratives in school-age children (excited, worried, annoyed, proud, problem situation, something important). We evaluated its feasibility with 249 ten-year-old children from 10 different countries, speaking 8 different languages, and analyzed researchers' views on the process of adapting the protocol for use in their own country/language. At group-level, the protocol elicited discourse samples from all children, although individual variability was evident, with most children providing responses to all six prompts. When investigating the topics of children's personal narratives in response to the prompts, we found that children from around the world share many commonalities regarding topics of conversation. Once again individual variability was high, indicating the protocol is effective in prompting children to share their past personal experiences without forcing them to focus on one particular topic. Feedback from the participating researchers on the use of the protocol in their own countries was generally positive, although several translation issues were noted. Based on our results, we now invite clinical researchers from around the world to join us in conducting further research into this important area of practice to obtain a better understanding of the development of personal narratives from children across different languages and cultures and to begin to establish local benchmarks of performance