The value of vulnerability: the transformative capacity of risky trust

In an experimental gift-exchange game, we explore the# transformative capacity of vulnerable trust, which we define as trusting untrustworthy players when their untrustworthiness is common knowledge between co-players. In our experiment, there are two treatments: the “Information” treatment and the “No-Information” treatment in which we respectively disclose or not information about trustees’ trustworthiness. Our laboratory evidence consistently supports the transformative capacity of trustors’ vulnerable trust, which generates higher transfers, more trustworthiness and increased reciprocity by untrustworthy trustees

"El pez de oro", de Gamaliel Churata, en la tradición de la literatura peruana

Este trabajo pretende ser una reflexión sobre la obra poco conocida de Gamaliel Churata (Arequipa, 1897-Lima, 1969), especialmente sobre El Pez de Oro (1957), que para algunos es «la Biblia del indigenismo» y para otros «uno de los grandes retos no asumidos de la crítica peruana», si bien el reto se está asumiendo en los últimos años en una serie de trabajos críticos que mencionamos a lo largo de estas páginas. Para evaluar esta obra, hay que observar la evolución de Churata desde la época del Boletín Titikaka (1926-30), órgano difusor del movimiento Orkopata que él mismo dirige desde 1925, hasta la publicación de El Pez de Oro en 1957. Este movimiento ha sido objeto de varios estudios, el más completo de los cuales es el de Vich; pero es necesario distinguir a partir de él la evolución de un proyecto literario que se plasma en El Pez de Oro y que gira sobre uno de los ejes más importantes de la literatura peruana, la heterogeneidad de sus materiales literario

development of a virtual calibration methodology for a downsized si engine by using advanced valve strategies

Abstract The calibration phase of a new engine at test bench is an expensive and time-consuming process. To support the engine development process, in this paper a numerical methodology aiming to define the optimal control parameters is proposed for a downsized VVA SI engine. First, a 1D engine model is build-up in GT-Power and is enhanced with phenomenological sub-models. 1D model is then validated against the experimental findings, at high- and part-load operations. In a second stage, a numerical calibration strategy is defined, to automatically identify, for various engine loads/speeds, the control parameters, ensuring optimal performance and complying with proper system limitations. Complete engine maps are computed for different control strategies ( EIVC and Throttled ). An application example is also presented, where computed maps are embedded in a vehicle model to predict the CO 2 emission produced along a NEDC cycle

One swallow doesn’t make a summer: reply to Kataria

In this paper we reply to Mitesh Kataria’s comment, which criticized the simulations of Maniadis, Tufano, and List (2014, Am. Econ. Rev.104(1), 277-290). We view these simulations as a means to illustrating the fact that we economists are unaware of the value of key variables that determine the credibility of our own empirical findings. Such variables include priors (i.e., the pre-study probability that a tested phenomenon is true) and the statistical power of the empirical design. Economists should not hesitate to use Bayesian tools and meta-analysis in order to quantify what we know about these variables

One swallow doesn’t make a summer: reply to Kataria

In this paper we reply to Mitesh Kataria’s comment, which criticized the simulations of Maniadis, Tufano, and List (2014, Am. Econ. Rev.104(1), 277-290). We view these simulations as a means to illustrating the fact that we economists are unaware of the value of key variables that determine the credibility of our own empirical findings. Such variables include priors (i.e., the pre-study probability that a tested phenomenon is true) and the statistical power of the empirical design. Economists should not hesitate to use Bayesian tools and meta-analysis in order to quantify what we know about these variables

Are Victims Truly Worse Off in the Presence of Bystanders? Revisiting the Bystander Effect

Previous studies have shown that individuals are less likely to help a person in need when there are “bystanders” present who can also offer help. We designed an experiment to re-examine this “bystander effect” using modified dictator games. We find lower giving rates in the presence of bystanders, confirming the existence of a bystander effect. However, we also show that the recipient’s welfare is greater when bystanders are present, challenging the usual interpretation that the bystander effect is due to an erosion of prosocial value

The value of vulnerability: the transformative capacity of risky trust

In an experimental gift-exchange game, we explore the# transformative capacity of vulnerable trust, which we define as trusting untrustworthy players when their untrustworthiness is common knowledge between co-players. In our experiment, there are two treatments: the “Information” treatment and the “No-Information” treatment in which we respectively disclose or not information about trustees’ trustworthiness. Our laboratory evidence consistently supports the transformative capacity of trustors’ vulnerable trust, which generates higher transfers, more trustworthiness and increased reciprocity by untrustworthy trustees

Measuring “Group Cohesion” to Reveal the Power of Social Relationships in Team Production

We introduce "group cohesion" to study the economic relevance of social relationships in team production. We operationalize measurement of group cohesion, adapting the "oneness scale" from psychology. A series of experiments, including a pre-registered replication, reveals strong positive associations between group cohesion and performance assessed in weak-link coordination games, with high-cohesion groups being very likely to achieve superior equilibria. In exploratory analysis, we identify beliefs rather than social preferences as the primary mechanism through which factors proxied by group cohesion influence group performance. Our evidence provides proof-of-concept for group cohesion as a useful tool for economic research and practice