Términos de intercambio y ciclos económicos: 1950 - 1998

Clasificación JEL:

Evaluación externa e interna de la satisfacción del servicio de promoción y prevención “P y P”, en los usuarios de las EPS y los colaboradores en el sector salud del área de Pitalito

The changes that are taking place in the health care sector companies lead to a permanent competition for market share, therefore, their managers and staff begin to discover in Customer Service an important element that provides competitive advantage to companies. Under the guidelines of the national government to increase the quality of the service of promotion and prevention "P and P" in the health care market in all the municipalities in Colombia, and particularly in the decentralized entities such as the State Social Enterprises, it becomes relevant to carry out a research about the external and internal assessment of the satisfaction of "P and P" service, among basic health care EPS system users and staff in the area of Pitalito, as a case study for understanding the challenges and scope of this service in the region. The case study, whose results are exhibited in this article, was carried out at ESE "Manuel Castro Tovar", based on the performance indicators prepared by management. In the research a double perspective of analysis, was generated from both the staff of the company (internal) to analyze administrative factors, and the users of the EPS (external) to see the positioning of the company, in order to compare the scope of this entity with the other EPS in the region, such as: Saludcoop Coomeva, Emcosalud, Police, Social Security, Comparta, and othersLos cambios que están ocurriendo en las empresas del sector salud conllevan una competencia permanente por la participación en el mercado por ello los directivos y trabajadores empiezan a descubrir en el Servicio al Cliente un elemento importante que aporta ventaja competitiva a las empresas. Dadas las directrices del gobierno nacional para aumentar la calidad del servicio de promoción y prevención “P y P” en el mercado de la salud en todos los municipios de Colombia y en especial en las entidades descentralizadas como son las Empresas Sociales del Estado, se hace pertinente realizar una investigación acerca de la evaluación externa e interna de la satisfacción del servicio “P y P”, en los usuarios de las EPS y los colaboradores en el sector salud del área de Pitalito, como un estudio de caso que permita comprender los retos y alcances de este servicio en la región.El estudio de caso cuyos resultados se presentan en este artículo, se realizó en la ESE. “Manuel Castro Tovar”, con base en los indicadores de gestión elaborados por su administración. En la investigación se generó una doble perspectiva de análisis, desde los colaboradores de la empresa (interna) para analizar los factores administrativos y desde los usuarios de las EPS (externa) para ver el posicionamiento de la empresa, con el fin de comparar los alcances de esta entidad con los de otras EPS de la región, como lo son: Saludcoop, Coomeva, Emcosalud, Policía, Seguro Social, Comparta y otras

The Use of Biosensors for Biomonitoring Environmental Metal Pollution

The use of biosensors for biomonitoring environmental health has gained much attention in the last decades. The environment is continuously loaded with xenobiotics released by anthropogenic activities that pollute ecosystems, putting their integrity at risk. Therefore, there is an urgent need to study the negative effects of xenobiotics, specifically chemical agents. Biosensors or organisms that integrate exposure to pollutants in their environment and which respond in some measurable and predictable way are useful tools to study the extent of chemical pollution and its consequences across levels of biological organization. Among chemical pollutants, heavy metals are among the most toxic elements to nearly all living organisms. Wildlife is chronically exposed to complex metal mixtures in which effects on ecosystem health are difficult to assess. Therefore, different organisms may serve as biosensors to estimate detrimental effects of metal pollution. In this chapter, we will analyze bacteria, small mammals, some plant species, and lichens as biosensors for environmental metal pollution. Also, we will assess the importance of using different biomarkers on biosensors

Divergent responses to thermogenic stimuli in BAT and subcutaneous adipose tissue from interleukin 18 and interleukin 18 receptor 1-deficient mice

Brown and beige adipocytes recruitment in brown (BAT) or white adipose tissue, mainly in the inguinal fat pad (iWAT), meet the need for temperature adaptation in cold-exposure conditions and protect against obesity in face of hypercaloric diets. Using interleukin18 (Il18) and Il18 receptor 1- knockout (Il18r1-KO) mice, this study aimed to investigate the role of IL18 signaling in BAT and iWAT activation and thermogenesis under both stimuli. Il18-KO, extremely dietary obesity-prone as previously described, failed to develop diet-induced thermogenesis as assessed by BAT and iWAT Ucp1 mRNA levels. Overweight when fed standard chow but not HFD, HFD-fed Il18r1-KO mice exhibited increased iWAT Ucp1 gene expression. Energy expenditure was reduced in pre-obese Il18r1-KO mice and restored upon HFD-challenge. Cold exposure lead to similar results; Il18r1-KO mice were protected against acute body temperature drop, displaying a more brown-like structure, alternative macrophage activation and thermogenic gene expression in iWAT than WT controls. Opposite effects were observed in Il18-KO mice. Thus, Il18 and Il18r1 genetic ablation disparate effects on energy homeostasis are likely mediated by divergent BAT responses to thermogenic stimuli as well as iWAT browning. These results suggest that a more complex receptor-signaling system mediates the IL18 adipose-tissue specific effects in energy expenditure.This work has been supported by European Community (FP7/2007n° 245009: “NeuroFAST”), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (PP and MCGG: BFU2007–62683/BFI and PP, MCGG and CD: CIBERobn (CB06/03)) and Xunta de Galicia Grants (MCGG and LL: PGIDIT06PXIB208067PR and GPC2014/030). CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición is an initiative of ISCIIIS

Priorización de problemas ambientales y alternativas de solución en el contexto de la gestión ambiental en la cuenca del río cañas en el municipio de San Francisco de sales Cundinamarca.

La alcaldia local de San Francisco de sales en su interes de gestionar proyectos que involucran a la comunidad con recursos naturale

Métodos de Medición y verificación del SG-SST en la empresa IVALVAN S.A.S

Con este trabajo se realiza la caracterización de la empresa IVALVAN S.A.S dedicada al suministro de instalaciones de redes eléctricas, de manera grupal se construye una política y objetivos enfocados en los desafíos en seguridad y salud en el trabajo y los avances en materia de tecnología, estructurando un plan de trabajo que este fundamentado en el ciclo PHVA. Con el trascurso del curso se logró realizar una auditoría interna del sistema de gestión de seguridad y salud en el trabajado a la empresa en mención, tomando como herramientas principales la matriz de identificación y valoración de riesgo, listas de verificación, indicadores y fórmulas de medición, encontrando dos oportunidades de mejora que le aporrataron un valor a agregado al SG-SST de la organización las cuales son: diseñar un sistema de vigilancia epidemiológica y prevención del riesgo psicosocial e implementar un sistema donde reposen las historias clínicas por accidentes laborales e incapacidades. Con estas dos estrategias la empresa podrá tomar decisiones de manera acertada con respecto a la accidentalidad y traumas por riesgo psicosocial en los trabajadores, mejorando la calidad de vida y salud de los trabajadores y mantener la ventaja competitiva con el resto del sector.With this work, the characterization of the company IVALVAN S.A.S dedicated to the supply of electrical network installations is carried out, in a group way a policy and objectives are built focused on the challenges in safety and health at work and the advances of technology, structuring a work plan that is essential in the PDCA cycle. During the course of the course, an internal audit of the occupational health and safety management system of the company in question was carried out, using the risk identification and assessment matrix, checklists, indicators and measurement formulas as the main tools. , finding two opportunities for improvement that add value to the SG-SST of the organization, which are: Design a system for epidemiological surveillance and prevention of psychosocial risks and implement a system where medical records of work accidents and work disabilities are kept. With these two strategies, the company will be able to make correct decisions regarding accidents and injuries due to psychosocial risk in workers, improving the quality of life and health of workers and maintaining a competitive advantage with the rest of the sector

Preselection of Criteria for Decision-Making Process in the Implementation of Reasonable Accommodation with a Focus on Physical Disabilities

This research corresponds to the project\u27s first phase "Health and Safety at Work in the Context of Disability", which aims to design a decision support tool for implementing reasonable accommodation. The tool seeks to improve the independence, well-being, performance, and quality of life of employees with physical disabilities while reducing reprocessing and undue burden on the company by addressing the differences between reasonable accommodation identified by the employer and the perceived needs of employees with disabilities. This document presents the preliminary criteria and sub-criteria, which will be validated in a second phase by a panel of experts for final incorporation into the decision support tool.Esta investigación corresponde a la primera fase del proyecto "Salud y seguridad en el trabajo en clave de discapacidad", que tiene como objetivo diseñar una herramienta de apoyo para la toma de decisiones en la implementación de ajustes razonables. La herramienta busca mejorar la independencia, bienestar, desempeño y calidad de vida de empleados con discapacidad física, al mismo tiempo que reduce reprocesos y cargas excesivas para la empresa al abordar las diferencias entre ajustes razonables identificados por el empleador y las necesidades percibidas por los empleados con discapacidad. Este documento presenta los criterios y subcriterios preliminares, que se validarán en una segunda fase mediante un panel de expertos para su incorporación final en la herramienta de apoyo a la toma de decisiones

Propuesta de Plan de Mejoramiento del Proceso de Selección de Personal a la Empresa Audifarma S.A. en la Regional Cesar

El Talento humano es fundamental en las organizaciones, por tal razón hemos optado por realizar una propuesta de grado, direcciona a la gestión de Recursos Humanos, orientado a la selección de personal en la empresa Audifarma S.A. El principal objetivo de esta propuesta es diseñar un plan de mejoramiento para el proceso de selección de personal teniendo en cuenta las necesidades y políticas actuales de la empresa Audifarma S.A, y así mismo proponer técnicas e instrumentos que mejoren dicho proceso dentro de la empresa. En la elaboración de dicha propuesta se realizó una investigación diseño no experimental de manera transversal y tipo descriptivo, utilizando la entrevista y encuesta como método de recolección de datos. Al realizar dicha investigación se pudo deducir que el proceso de selección de personal de la empresa Audifarma S.A necesita la optimización de técnicas innovadoras, las cuales nuestro plan de mejoramiento le brindaráHuman Talent is fundamental in organizations, for this reason, we have chosen to make a degree proposal, directed to Human Resources management, oriented to the selection of personnel in the company Audifarma S.A. The main objective of this proposal is to design an improvement plan for the personnel selection process taking into account the current needs and policies of the (this) company, and likewise propose techniques and instruments that improve this process within the company. In the elaboration of this proposal, a non-experimental design investigation was carried out in a transversal and descriptive way, using the interview and survey as a method of data collection. When carrying out this investigation, it was possible to deduce that the personnel selection process of the company Audifarma S.A needs the optimization of innovative techniques, which our improvement plan will provide

Transcriptional analysis reveals the metabolic state of Burkholderia zhejiangensis CEIB S4-3 during methyl parathion degradation

Burkholderia zhejiangensis CEIB S4-3 has the ability to degrade methyl parathion (MP) and its main hydrolysis byproduct p-nitrophenol (PNP). According to genomic data, several genes related with metabolism of MP and PNP were identified in this strain. However, the metabolic state of the strain during the MP degradation has not been evaluated. In the present study, we analyzed gene expression changes during MP hydrolysis and PNP degradation through a transcriptomic approach. The transcriptional analysis revealed differential changes in the expression of genes involved in important cellular processes, such as energy production and conversion, transcription, amino acid transport and metabolism, translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis, among others. Transcriptomic data also exhibited the overexpression of both PNP-catabolic gene clusters (pnpABA′E1E2FDC and pnpE1E2FDC) present in the strain. We found and validated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction the expression of the methyl parathion degrading gene, as well as the genes responsible for PNP degradation contained in two clusters. This proves the MP degradation pathway by the strain tested in this work. The exposure to PNP activates, in the first instance, the expression of the transcriptional regulators multiple antibiotic resistance regulator and Isocitrate Lyase Regulator (IclR), which are important in the regulation of genes from aromatic compound catabolism, as well as the expression of genes that encode transporters, permeases, efflux pumps, and porins related to the resistance to multidrugs and other xenobiotics. In the presence of the pesticide, 997 differentially expressed genes grouped in 104 metabolic pathways were observed. This report is the first to describe the transcriptomic analysis of a strain of B. zhejiangensis during the biodegradation of PNP

¿Los padres tienen la libertad o la autoridad para decidir sobre el proceso de vacunación de los hijos y si el Estado debería intervenir en esto?

7 p.No es favorable que los padres no vacunen a sus hijos ya que pueden estar poniendo en riesgo la salud de esos pequeños Sólo por es simple hecho de que no están de acuerdo con dar la autorización para que vacunen a sus hijos, se debe tener cuenta que el Estado garantiza mediante vacunas que se prevenga y se evite enfermedades también se puede decir que esas vacunaciones por parte de Ministerio de Salud son seguras ya que pasan por filtros de seguridad de la salud donde los científicos las aprueban para saber si son buenas para el ser humano