The Headscarf Controversy in Turkey

This article is based on a monographic field study, which was conducted in October 2007. In addition, the results of other studies on the headscarf issue conducted at different times between 2003 and 2007 have also been used to follow the development over the course of time. The study found that the headscarf prohibition has no strong social basis. As it would be a mistake to see the headscarf prohibition as an element of the secularism project, defining an ideology on the basis of the headscarf, an important religious symbol in Turkey, presents a risk to the progress of democracy, and only serves to increase political polarization. Formulating public policies on the basis of the headscarf prohibition will only help destroy social peace. Social engineering projects which aim to change or destroy political, religious and ethnic positions of citizens are not permitted in Western-type contemporary democracies. There is no headscarf problem in Turkey in a sociological sense, the real problem lies in the totalitarian/authoritarian approach which stems from groundless fears and/or ideological choices of the social elite or economic power centers.Headscarf, hijab, Islamic fundamentalism

Political Economy of Turkey and Financial Crises

The problems Turkey faces today are because of neither poor performances of a few governments nor solely economic factors. Turkey has serious structural difficulties in the fields of economic, political and human rights which have been seen in totalitarian and authoritarian countries of Latin America and Asia. It is not easy to cope with these problems in the short run. Otherwise, we should not have talked about these problems today. Imbalance between foreign exchange revenues and expenses has urged Turkey to take measure to develop foreign trade with Northern and Southern neighbor countries. Comparative advantages of Turkey can be more compromisable with the countries which less developed than Turkey. Remittances of Turkish workers from the West and tourism revenues are other most remarkable components. The other important issue is the structure of Turkish financial system. Turkish financial markets are dominated by banking sector like Germany and Japan. However, the experiences have showed that Anglo-Saxon model of the USA is advantageous. Interest-free banking should be developed to catch up a solid SME sector. Hopefully, EU membership process has forced Turkey to take steps toward structural reforms.Financial crises; economic politic of Turkey, political cycles in Turkey

Türk Ekonomisinde Modernleşme Krizleri: Menderes Dönemi ve Planlı Dönem Ekonomik Krizleri

The Menderes era can be seen the first birth for the modern Turkey. The reason is that all political and economic policies implemented in this period were completely adverse of the previous era (the Inonu era). Nevertheless, structural economic insufficiencies also brought the end of this period. Turkey started to experience a long wasteful expenditure period with the planned era after 1963. This intended wasteful expenditure period lasted until 1977. The second critical time period for modern Turkey started with 1980. January 24 Decisions has changed deeply the development strategy carried out until that day. This second strategy almost reached its limits in 1988. With economic crises in 1994 and 2000, Turkey has seen two big traumas. To cope with economic fluctuations, Turkey has strengthened its long term EU membership policy and IMF-supported economic policy

Osmanlıdan Devreden Kriz Potansiyeli ve Tek Parti Dönemi Ekonomik Krizleri

Turkey has always been grappled with economic crises since its foundation. The human resources and economic potential inherited from Ottoman Empire are both insufficient and poor-quality. In addition, the new political and ideological regime had not been accepted by nationals for a while. Therefore, enormous energy had been allocated to this field to cope with the revolts. Then Prime Minister Ismet Inonu depicted this appearance “we setup a villager government in the middle of Anatolia.” This article handled economic crises before 1980 economic liberalization period in the light of economic and political developments

Türkiye'nin Ekonomi-Politiği ve Mali Krizler

The problems Turkey faces today are because of neither poor performances of a few governments nor solely economic factors. Turkey has serious structural difficulties in the fields of economic, political and human rights which have been seen in totalitarian and authoritarian countries of Latin America and Asia. It is not easy to cope with these problems in the short run. Otherwise, we should not have talked about these problems today. Imbalance between foreign exchange revenues and expenses has urged Turkey to take measure to develop foreign trade with Northern and Southern neighbor countries. Comparative advantages of Turkey can be more compromisable with the countries which less developed than Turkey. Remittances of Turkish workers from the West and tourism revenues are other most remarkable components. The other important issue is the structure of Turkish financial system. Turkish financial markets are dominated by banking sector like Germany and Japan. However, the experiences have showed that Anglo-Saxon model of the USA is advantageous. Interest-free banking should be developed to catch up a solid SME sector. Hopefully, EU membership process has forced Turkey to take steps toward structural reforms

Determination Of A Methodology To Develop Durability Approval Test Of Commercial Vehicle Axles

Tez (Doktora) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2014Thesis (PhD) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2014Ticari taşıtlardaki aks ve süspansiyon parçalarının yorulma ömürünün değerlendirilmesi, ürün geliştirme ve mühendislik çalışmalarında hafiflik, güvenilirlik ve seri üretime hızlı geçiş gibi kavramlardan ötürü ön plana çıkmış bulunmaktadır. Günümüzde otomotiv üreticilerinin, tasarımı bitmiş parçaların taşıta serbest bırakabilmesi (parçaya onay verilme işlemi), diğer bir deyişle seri üretime geçebilmesi için dayanım (ömür) testlerinin gerçekleştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, aksların ticari taşıtlar üzerinde onay verilebilmesi için gerekli dayanım testlerinde uygulanacak yüklerin belirlenmesi için bir yöntemin oluşturulması amaçlanmaktadır. Geliştirilen bu yöntem ile müşteri çevrimindeki, diğer bir deyişle işletme şartlarındaki taşıt ölçümleri, hızlandırılmış laboratuvar yorulma testlerine doğru şekilde aktarılmıştır.The assessment of the durability of components such as axles and suspension parts becomes more important in different technical areas like commercial vehicles with regard to the increasing trend towards light-weight constructions, reduction of time-to-market periods and reliability. For those reasons, the automotive manufacturers have to perform the durability tests in order to release the components considering their operational conditions, on the other words; the durability tests of the components must be realized in order to start the serial production. In this study, it is aimed to determine a necessary durability methodology in order to release the commercial vehicle axles. These durability tests must be executed through transfer of the customer-usage measurements to the accelerated laboratory durability tests with the help of this methodology.DoktoraPh

Determination Of A Methodology For Failure Avoidance Of Adblue Tanks

Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2008Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2008Bu çalışma AdBlue tankları üzerinde yapılan dayanım testleri aracılığıyla, hasar önleme metodolojisinin belirlenmesini amaçlar. Plastik parçaların taşıtlarda kullanımı, hafiflik ve korozyon dayanımı gibi etkenler göz önünde bulundurulduğunda geçmiş yıllara oranla günümüzde daha da çok artmıştır. Bu artışla birlikte, kullanılan plastik parçaların dayanımlarının incelenmesi gereği de ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu çalışmada ilk olarak günümüz Mercedes-Benz otobüslerinde egzoz emisyonlarını EURO IV normlarına uygun hale getirmek için kullanılan AdBlue sıvısının depolanmasında kullanılan plastik tankların dayanım testlerine değinilmiştir. Bu dayanım testleri, Mercedes-Benz Türk A.Ş. bünyesinde geliştirme test merkezinde bulunan Hidropuls (sarsıcı) test ünitesinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu kapsamda ilk olarak Hidropuls testlerinde kullanılan ekipmanlar incelenmiş, sonrasında ise dayanım testlerinde yoldan alınan sinyalin parça üzerine uygulanabilmesi amacıyla örnek bir yükleme kollektifinin elde edilmesi anlatılmıştır. Bir sonraki adımda, tank üzerinde test esnasında yapılan ölçümler, kullanılan donanım ve ölçüm sonuçlarını elde etmede kullanılacak denklemler anlatılmıştır. Testlerde, tank üzerinden birim uzamayı ölçerek hasar hesabına geçebilmek için, daha önceden hasar yeri bilenen yerlere veya yapılan sonlu elemanlar analizlerinde gerilme yığılmalarının yoğun olduğu bölgelere strain gauge (birim uzama ölçer) uygulaması yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın son kısmında, testleri gerçekleştirilen AdBlue tanklarında dayanıma etki eden sıvı yüksekliği, test frekansı, bağlantı noktası ve tankın konstrüktif özellikleri gibi etkenlerin dayanım üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Ayrıca en çok hasar yaratan muhtemel birim uzama eşik değeri ile ilgili bir çalışmaya da yer verilmiştir. Son olarak, tank dayanımını etkileyen parametreler göz önünde bulundurularak, AdBlue tanklarında hasarın azaltılmasını amaçlayan hasar önleme metodolojisi belirlenmiştir.This study aims to determine a methodology for failure avoidance of AdBlue tanks through durability tests. Today, the use of plastic components in vehicles has increased in great number, as a result of plastic material properties such as lightness and corrosion resistance. In conjunction with this, the need for research of plastic components’ durability has been arisen. This study, firstly mentions the durability tests of plastic tanks that are used to store the AdBlue which is used in today’s Mercedes-Benz buses, to decrease the exhaust emissions according to the EURO IV regulation. The durability tests of AdBlue tanks have been conducted in Hydropuls (shaker) test rig within the Mercedes-Benz Turk A.S. Development Bus Test Center. Therefore, the equipment of the test rig has been described firstly, followed by the explanation of how a load collective sample is obtained from the collected data on the road, for durability tests in Hydropuls. In the following step, the measurements recorded throughout the tests, hardware and equations used to obtain the test results are mentioned. In Hydropuls tests, for the damage calculations, strain gauges were applied at high stress locations based on finite element analysis and previous test experiences. In the final section, the factors affecting the durability of AdBlue tanks such as AdBlue level, test excitation frequency, fixing points and the constructive properties have been analyzed. Furthermore the strain threshold values, which cause the damage most on tanks, were emphasized. Finally, to reduce the AdBlue tank damage to its minimum value, a methodology for failure avoidance was determined.Yüksek LisansM.Sc

Osmanlıdan Devreden Kriz Potansiyeli ve Tek Parti Dönemi Ekonomik Krizleri

Turkey has always been grappled with economic crises since its foundation. The human resources and economic potential inherited from Ottoman Empire are both insufficient and poor-quality. In addition, the new political and ideological regime had not been accepted by nationals for a while. Therefore, enormous energy had been allocated to this field to cope with the revolts. Then Prime Minister Ismet Inonu depicted this appearance “we setup a villager government in the middle of Anatolia.” This article handled economic crises before 1980 economic liberalization period in the light of economic and political developments

Türk Ekonomisinde Modernleşme Krizleri: Menderes Dönemi ve Planlı Dönem Ekonomik Krizleri

The Menderes era can be seen the first birth for the modern Turkey. The reason is that all political and economic policies implemented in this period were completely adverse of the previous era (the Inonu era). Nevertheless, structural economic insufficiencies also brought the end of this period. Turkey started to experience a long wasteful expenditure period with the planned era after 1963. This intended wasteful expenditure period lasted until 1977. The second critical time period for modern Turkey started with 1980. January 24 Decisions has changed deeply the development strategy carried out until that day. This second strategy almost reached its limits in 1988. With economic crises in 1994 and 2000, Turkey has seen two big traumas. To cope with economic fluctuations, Turkey has strengthened its long term EU membership policy and IMF-supported economic policy