RACISM AND THE HELPING PROCESS

The issues addressed in this paper relate to racism within the helping process. We will base our discussion on the premise that racism is an illness and should be regarded as such wherever it emerges in the helping process, whether or not this relates directly to the client\u27s reasons for seeking help. The discussion will also be based on the converse, i.e. that concerns of clients about race relations, their interest in establishing positive interracial relationships or in effecting change on some level, should be regarded as healthy and positive, not as symptomatic of hidden pathology

Pleasures in Socialism: Leisure and Luxury in the Eastern Bloc

This book is a significant contribution to the studies of everyday life in Eastern Europe under communist rule. It is the third in a series of volumes edited and written with Susan E. Reid, which examine the material culture of the Eastern Bloc: see Style and Socialism (Berg, 2000) and Socialist Spaces (Berg, 2003). Reviewing these titles in the London Review of Books, Sheila Fitzpatrick credits Crowley and Reid as ‘two cultural historians who have played a leading role in the development of studies of the everyday in the former Soviet bloc’. The 14 essays explore how leisure and the consumption of luxury goods formed zones that communist states sought to shape, and thereby to extend the reach of their authority. Yet at the same time, they also presented opportunities for people to assert their individuality and enjoy unlicensed pleasures. This contrasts strongly with the conventional scholarship on the Soviet Bloc, which stresses poverty and repression. Crowley's contribution was to write, with Reid, a 21,000-word critical review of existing debates about leisure and luxury in the Bloc and make a number of propositions about the way in which these concepts and practices need to be further conceptualised and researched. This essay also functions as an introduction to the book. The origins of the book lie in a conference organised by Crowley and Reid at the V&A Museum in London in 2007. Following publication, Crowley was invited to talk about the themes in this volume at Södertörn University, Centre for Baltic and East European Studies in Stockholm (2012). A review of this book was published in Slavic Review (2011). Crowley and Reid were also interviewed about the volume in an hour-long podcast for New Books in Eastern Europe Studies (2012)

The Birth of Brand: 4000 Years of Branding History

This paper seeks to show that brands are as old as civilization. It derives evidence of branding, in various forms, from important historical periods beginning 2250 BCE in the Indus Valley through to 300 BCE Greece. This evidence is compared with modern research directed toward developing a meaning of “brand”. We observe a gradual transition from a more utilitarian provision of information regarding origins and quality to the addition of more complex brand image characteristics over time. Including status/power, added value and finally, the development of brand personality.brand; proto-brand; ancient world; brand personality

Growing up in Scotland: sweep 3 non-resident parent report

Growing Up in Scotland is a nationally representative longitudinal child cohort study funded by the Scottish Government

Women and utopianism in Dickens and Lawrence.

I have written this dissertation as a contribution to the sociology of literature. especially feminist sociology of literature. I have taken two very popular novelists. Lawrence and Dickens as my subject. The point at issue is their attitude to women. both to the women characters in their novels and to their wives. The dissertation falls into two parts. a theoretical and a b10graphical one. Very baldly put, the first deals with the relation of the novelist to the novel. the second with the relation of the man to his wife

Monumental architecture : it\u27s role in the modern city : a theatrical center and tourist center in Rome Italy

This study is designed to reconsider the contemporary role of historical ruins within the urban context of the modern city. Today extant ancient architecture is often conflated with ruins and conceived of as works of art. This thesis contends that these monumental relics can still be utilized in a manner for which they were conceived

Makeshift modernity: DIY, craft and the virtuous homemaker in new Soviet housing of the 1960s

In cities across the Soviet Union in the late 1950s and early 1960s, new housing developments of plain five-storey apartment blocks mushroomed thanks to an intensive programme for mass industrialised housing construction launched by the Party-State in 1957. Modern living conditions were to be created for millions, it was promised, through state planning and investment in the modernisation of construction, making maximum use of technology and factory prefabrication in place of bricklaying and other artisanal methods. Drawing on oral history and material culture, this article attends to some contradictory, seemingly unplanned and un-modern aspects of popular agency entailed in producing the modern Soviet environment, including the role of local improvisation, DIY and manual craft. These were not necessarily resistant to or subversive of the socialist state’s modernisation project but had a more complex and ambivalent relation to it, as complementary or compensatory accommodations that “tuned” universal models to local contingency

"Still Life and the Vanity of Socialist Realism: Robert Fal'k's Potatoes, 1955"

Still life occupied a position in the Socialist Realist canon so marginal that it could barely be called Socialist Realism at all. Although some artists attempted, in the Stalin era, to prove the genre's credentials at least as a component of Socialist Realist visual culture, a number of its genre characteristics rendered it ill‐suited and even antithetical to the mandatory tasks of “depicting reality in its revolutionary development” and demonstrating the role of the party‐state and its leaders in achieving the radiant future. The paper focuses on the work of Robert Fal'k (1886–1958), an artist multiply marginalized in the Soviet art establishment–both as a person and through his work in the lowly, liminal genre of still life–yet nevertheless central to the story of Soviet art. It examines, from different perspectives, the quiet challenge his work seemed to present both to the vainglory of Soviet power and the chiliasm of Socialist Realism. In his Potatoes (1955) the genre characteristics of still life which placed it in the basement of Soviet public culture are so hypertrophied as to become a kind of unspoken worm's eye critique of Socialist Realism and the faith in state‐led progress that it represented. It argues that, in the context of destalinization, when the modernist assertion of autonomy of art and artist presented a perceived challenge to party control over the arts, Fal'k's work alluded to the absence of the state and its powerlessness when faced with the ultimate projects of existence and of painting. Turning the tables on the Soviet state authorities that had marginalized it, his still life marginalized the state as irrelevant to art and life

Foreword

Forewor

Water Transport in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells: An Exploration of Net Water Drag in Real Time

Polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) are a promising alternative energy source. One challenge preventing widespread use of this technology is water management. A balance must be reached between providing sufficient water for membrane ionic conductivity while maintaining low enough water content to mitigate the reduction of available reaction sites in the cathode catalyst layer due to liquid water build up. Much exploration of this area of fuel cell research has been conducted, but the details of water transport in an operating fuel cell are not yet fully understood. The motivation of this work was to elucidate mass transport phenomena occurring in an operational fuel cell by measuring the real-time net water drag (NWD) behavior under different operating conditions and material properties. Water measurements were made by four relative humidity sensors placed in the anode and cathode inlet and exit lines. Relationships between NWD and current density, reactant flow rates, inlet gas relative humidity, and microporous layers (MPLs) were studied. The time required for net water drag to reach a quasi-steady state value varied with current and was on the order of 200 seconds or less. At high current densities, phase change induced-flow (PCI) was found to dominate the other modes of transport due to elevated temperature gradients across the cathode MPL. Asymmetrical MPL configurations were tested with different MPL thicknesses, and NWD increases with current were found to be significantly higher than those measured with a symmetrical configuration, regardless of the location of thicker MPL. The increase in NWD at high currents for the cathode-side thick MPL case was attributed to the enhanced PCI-flow across the cathode MPL. With the anode-side thick MPL, the decreased temperature gradient across the membrane was suggested as the cause of the NWD increase. Though NWD increases regardless of the location of the thicker MPL, the increased PCI flow has a larger impact on NWD than the reduced vapor transport. Experiments of high current transients were performed also, and it was concluded that anode dry-out may be avoided by increasing the back pressure of the cathode during a sudden jump to a high power condition