Peran Tanaman Karet Dalam Mitigasi Perubahan Iklim

Climate change happened and resulted in adverse effect of our life on the earth's surface. Droughts, floods, or rob, heatwaves, and hurricanes happened recently of incident that might be caused by climate change. In the agricultural sector, these conditions will lead to reduction of yields significantly, in turn disrupt the national food security and reduce foreign exchange. Major factor that may induce climate change is the increased greenhouse gas emissions primarily CO2 in air, generated by human activity (anthropogenic). To reduce emissions of CO2 gas, Government of Indonesia has launched the National Action Plan for Reducing Emissions of Greenhouse Gases (RAN-GRK) through Presidential Decree No. 61 of 2011. One of the main activity is the planting of 105,200 ha of rubber trees. Ecological role of the rubber plant is an sequestration CO2 from the air. Moreover, rubber yielded may be converted into biodiesel fuel having CO2 content being lower than diesel oil in otherwords, rubber plant has an important role in reducing of incidences of climate change (mitigation). The amount of CO2 is sequestrated by rubber plant varies depending on the age of the plant, crop conditions, soil fertility and technical cultivation applied. Average of carbon stock of those rubber plants cultivated traditionally was 19.8 ton C / ha, while those superior clone ones was 42.4 ton C/ha. The amount of CO2 gas sequestrated by rubber in Indonesia reached of 291.16 Mton CO2e. Potentially biodiesel production developed from the RSO in Indonesia reached 424,460 ton, blending of diesel oil and biodiesel from RSO able to reduce CO2 emissions of 40.14%

Studi Eksperimental Tentang Pengaruh Variasi Rapat Arus Pada Hard Chrome Electroplating Terhadap Karakteristik Permukaan Baja Karbon Rendah

The objective of the research is to investigate the effect of hard chrome electroplating on low carbon steel surface characteristic. This experimental research used low carbon steel as material that has been coated by hard chrome electroplating, chromium powder, and Pb alloy as cathode. The instrument for the research were rectifier, hardness testing machine LECO M-400-H1, optical microscope and digital camera. This research had been performed by making variation of current ((15 A/dm2, 30 A/dm2, 45 A/dm2 and 60 A/dm2).The result of this research shows that the maximum hardness of low carbon steel after coated by hard chrome electroplating was 576,50 VHN, when hard chrome electroplating had been performed on current 45 A/dm2. Beside that, on the same current (45 A/dm2) also gained maximum chrome layer (38,65 µm)

Strategi Kebijakan Pembangunan Pertanian Di Papua Barat

Percepatan pembangunan pertanian provinsi Papua Barat mutlak dilakukan atas dasar Inpres nomor 05/2007, dan mengingat provinsi ini termasuk yang termiskin diIndonesia. Kemiskinan terutama di sektor pertanian yang disebabkan oleh keterbatasan infrastruktur, belum berkembangnya kelembagaan pertanian, terbatasnya jumlah dan kualitas sumber daya manusia, rendahnya investasi, belum berkembangnya agroindustri, dan sistem pemasaran yag belum efektif. Analisis SWOT menunjukkan bahwa Papua Barat mempunyai potensi dan peluang keberhasilan pembangunan pertanian, disamping banyaknya kelemahan dan ancaman. Potensi lahan untuk pertanian seluas 2,7 juta ha, baru dimanfaatkan sekitar 33 persen. Kelemahan yang paling mendasar di Papua Barat adalah terbatasnya jumlah dan kualitas sumber daya manusia pertanian disamping infrastruktur yang belum menunjang. Peluang untuk membangun kemitraan dengan investor dan meningkatkan ekspor merupakan titik terang mempercepat pembangunan pertanian Papua Barat. Ancaman berat yang harus diatasi adalah menghadapi persaingan pasar bebas dan globalisasi, dimana SDM, adat istiadat dan sistem birokrasi yang ada belum siap bersaing bebas. Strategi kebijakan yang disarankan dalam hal ini adalah: 1) Peningkatan produksi komoditas perkebunan dan pemanfaatan hasil hutan untuk meningkatkan peluang ekspor melalui program kemitraan, 2). Memperbaiki sistem penyuluhan, infrastruktur pertanian dan kebijakan impor-ekspor, 3). Optimalisasi dan konservasi penggunaan lahan, dan hasil hutan, 4). Mengatasi kekurangan jumlah dan kualitas SDM pertanian dengan progam transmigrasi topikal dan mengembangkan investasi

Pengaruh Rapat Arus Dan Temperatur Elektrolit Terhadap Ketebalan Lapisan Dan Efisiensi Katoda Pada Elektroplating Tembaga Untuk Baja Karbon Sedang

Acid copper electroplating has a quite wide current density and electrolyte temperature range, allowing the diversity of the coating result. The specimen is medium carbon steel AISI 1045, pure copper has a role as anode, and sulfuric acid plays the role of electrolyte.Electroplating process conducted by the variations of current density 2, 3, 4, and 5 A/dm2, and electrolyte temperature 30, 40, and 50oC, which lasted for 10 minutes. The layer resulted was measured its mass and thickness, and then we can obtain its cathode efficiency.From the research, the actual coating thickness deviation obtained against its theoretical value is 0.42 to 18.37%. While the cathode efficiency resulted is between 78.33 to 97.78%. Based on coating thickness and cathode efficiency, the optimum conditions for electroplating process is gained at current density 3 A/dm2 and electrolyte temperature 40oC

Simulating Utilization of Waste Heat of Motor Vehicles-Based On Thermoelectric Generator

The main power source of motor vehicle is combustion engines which use fossil fuels (diesel, gasoline, pertamax etc.) as fuel. The total heat supplied to the engine in the form of fuel, 30-40% of fuel is converted into mechanical work, heat remaining is released through the exhaust pipe and the engine cooling system. The unused heat source in motor vehicles could potentially be used to generate electricity as a supplier of electricity needs in a vehicle. The technology used to convert the heat energy into electrical energy known as the thermoelectric generator, which uses the Seebeck theory as the basis of the principle works. This study uses a cylinder with a heating element inside (heater) as a heat source such as the exhaust pipes designed in a motor vehicle. Cylinder temperature is simulated as the temperature of the exhaust pipes of motor vehicles by varying the input voltage supplied to the heater (150V, 175V, 200V and 225V). This study also uses sub-sonic wind tunnel as a source of wind to vary the speed of exhaled air to test equipment to simulate the vehicle speed (20 km/h, 30 km/h, 40 km/h, 50 km/h and 60 km/h). By using 8 thermoelectric modules arranged in series electrical, power (P) generated a maximum of 0.88 Watt with voltage difference (ΔV) 11:13V and a maximum temperature difference (ΔT) 47.61°C. This condition is obtained on the input voltage at 225V heater with air velocity 20 km/h.

Pemanfaatan Partikel Tempurung Kemiri Sebagai Bahan Penguat Pada Komposit Resin Poliester

The objective of the research is to investigate the effect of composition ratio of polyester as matrix and Aleurites moluccana willd particles on mechanical properties (hardness,flexure strength and tensile strength) of composite.This experimental research used Aleurites moluccana willd particles as reinforced material and polyester as resin.The instrument for the research were universal testing machine (UTM), hardness testing mac hine. This research had been performed by making variation of composition ratio of resin and Aleurites moluccana willd particles (30 % :70%, 40% :60 %, 50 % : 50% and 60% :40%).The result of this research show that the maximum hardness of composite was54,1 HRL. The maximum flexure strength was 33,62 N/mm2 and the maximum tensile strength was 16,97 N/mm2. The maximum value of hardness, flexure strength and tensile strength had been achieved on composition ratio 40 % :60 %

Pemberian Bahan Silika Pada Tanah Sawah Berkadar P Total Tinggi Untuk Memperbaiki Ketersediaan P Dan Si Tanah, Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Padi (Oryza Sativa L.)

This study aims to know the effect of Si on the availability of soil phosphate and silica, rice growthand production in the paddys soil with high total P . The research was conducted on the greenhouseand on the laboratory soil chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra, Medan.The soil which used from the paddys soil in Tanjung Mulia Hilir, Medan Deli which has the hightotal P. The experiment was carried out using non-factorial randomized block design with treatmentcontrol, 3.4 g silica agrosil fertilizer/ plant, 4.8 g silica agrosil fertilizer/ plant, husk ash 3.4 g/ plantand 4.8 g husk ash / plant. The Analysis of data used the analysis of variance and contrast test.Experimental results showed that silica materials has significant effect on soil pH, maximum tillernumber and dry weight of grain, but not significant effect on available P, available Si, P – uptake, Si– Uptake, Plant Height, and Plant Dry Weight. Husk ask and Agrosil silica showed the same effectin the soil chemistry nature that's the soil phosphate and silica availability