342 research outputs found

    Analisa keausan dan evaluasi produktivitas serta efisiensi operasional hammer crusher pada area crusher & raw mill di Pabrik Semen Baturaja II.

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    PT Semen Baturaja is one of the largest cement producers in Indonesia, located in South Sumatra. This company produces various types of cement to meet market needs in the Sumatra region and surrounding areas. In the production process, PT Semen Baturaja Tbk uses a crushing tool to reduce the scale of the materials to be used, one of which is limestone or limestone found in the crusher and raw mill areas. A hammer crusher is an important tool in the cement production process, which functions to hit the material so that it is crushed into smaller sizes. Hammer wear and productivity greatly determines the results of the cement production process. The wear that occurs in this hammer crusher is abrasion wear. In terms of hammer crusher productivity from January to July, the highest value was obtained in March, namely 680.05 tons/hour and the lowest productivity value was in February, namely 547.16 tons/hour. Regarding the efficiency of the hammer crusher, it can be seen that the hammer crusher has a very good efficiency value of 81.48%

    Analisa Getaran Mesin Milling 1217 Horizontal Terhadap Pengaruh Variasi Kedalaman Potong Pada Proses Pembuatan Roda Gigi

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    Seiring perkembangan teknologi, mesin frais (milling) semakin dibutuhkan dalam produksi dan pendidikan. Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh variasi ketebalan pemakanan dan diameter cutter terhadap getaran yang terjadi selama proses pemakanan muka. Variasi ketebalan pemakanan yang digunakan adalah 0,5 mm, 1 mm, dan 1,5 mm, dengan diameter cutter 55 mm. Pengukuran getaran dilakukan menggunakan vibration tester VM-6380 pada tiga arah (vertikal, horizontal, dan aksial), menghasilkan data berupa displacement, velocity, dan acceleration yang diolah menjadi amplitudo. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan amplitudo terbesar terjadi pada arah horizontal dengan kedalaman pemakanan 0,5 mm menggunakan cutter diameter 55 mm pada kecepatan 125 rpm sebesar 0,1153 mm. Pada arah aksial, amplitudo tertinggi tercatat sebesar 0,0453 mm pada kedalaman 1 mm, dan pada arah vertikal amplitudo terbesar adalah 0,0492 mm pada kedalaman 1,5 mm. Kesimpulan menunjukkan bahwa amplitudo terbesar secara umum terjadi pada arah horizontal dengan ketebalan pemakanan 0,5 mm. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan penting mengenai pengaruh parameter pemakanan terhadap getaran, yang dapat membantu optimalisasi proses milling

    Investigating Environmental Degradation of Banana-Sisal Epoxy Composites: Physical and Thermal Properties

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    This study evaluates the environmental degradation of banana-sisal epoxy composites, focusing on their physical and thermal properties after exposure to moisture, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and thermal aging. Alkali-treated and untreated composites were fabricated and tested for moisture absorption, tensile strength, flexural strength, thermogravimetric stability, and UV resistance. Results indicate that alkali-treated composites absorbed significantly less moisture (1.26%) than untreated composites (2.62%) after 120 hours of water immersion. Treated composites retained 87.6% of their initial tensile strength and 92% of their flexural strength, demonstrating superior mechanical performance compared to untreated composites. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed higher onset degradation temperatures (Tonset = 275°C) for treated composites compared to untreated composites (Tonset = 255°C) and better residual mass retention at 600°C. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed a higher glass transition temperature (Tg = 93°C) for treated composites, indicating improved thermal stability. After 100 hours of UV exposure, treated composites retained 82% of their tensile strength, compared to 68% for untreated composites. These findings demonstrate that alkali-treated banana-sisal epoxy composites possess enhanced resistance to environmental degradation, making them viable for use in construction, automotive, and marine industries. Future research should aim to optimize fiber treatments, develop hybrid and nanocomposites, and conduct long-term durability and sustainability assessments

    STUDY OF DIFFERENT WINGLET CONFIGURATION IN CEILING FAN TO IMPROVE THE AIR FLOW IN CUBIC ROOM

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    Winglet attachment is reducing the induced drag in aircraft; similar concept is tried in ceiling fan, in order to reduce the tip vortices which increase the fan speed and airflow and reduce the electricity consumption. Various shape of winglet attachment such as blend edge, sharp edge, wedge shape, triangle.  The air flow was experimentally measured at various locations in various speeds and results were finally discussed. There is a considerable  improvement in airflow as compared to without attachment of wingle

    Spiral Bevel Gears: Review on Dynamics.

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    Bevel gears are a type of gears commonly used in various applications, especially where a change in the direction of power transmission is needed. The teeth on bevel gears are vulnerable to various defects that can affect their performance, such as pitting, wear, and chipping. These defects can lead to increased vibrations, noise, and decreased efficiency of the gear system. In order to ensure optimal performance and longevity of bevel gears, it is essential to properly diagnose and address any defects on their teeth. The paper investigates the dynamics of bevel gears under varied operational conditions and analyzes the impact of factors, such as crowning modification, on system transmission error. This research explores load-sharing concepts, detailing operational conditions and mathematical models for calculating load-sharing among planets. Moreover, it evaluates factors influencing load distribution among planets, emphasizing parameters like bearing, backlash, run-out errors, position errors, and manufacturing errors while assessing PGS effectiveness in load-sharing. To enhance load-sharing, including floating systems and flexible pins, methods and solutions are discussed. PGS is examined from a phasing perspective. Additionally, this paper summarizes studies on the impact of faults on the planet phase

    Fluid Flow Analysis Subsonic Wind Tunnel for Aerodynamic Testing Using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)

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    Seiring berkembangnya zaman, banyak sekali teknologi yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mendukung penelitian, terutama dalam pembuatan model, alat, dan instrumentasi. Salah satu alat yang dapat digunakan untuk menunjang penelitian aerodinamis adalah Wind Tunnel. Wind Tunnel merupakan perangkat pengujian aerodinamis yang mampu mensimulasikan dan memvisualisasikan kondisi aliran fluida di sekitar objek yang diuji. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis aliran fluida pada berbagai bagian terowongan angin dengan menggunakan aliran fluida seragam. Analisis akan dilakukan dengan menggunakan software Ansys khususnya Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Parameter yang akan diuji antara lain kecepatan fluida 6 m/s. Pada kecepatan tertentu, eksperimen aliran fluida akan dilakukan untuk memvisualisasikan distribusi aliran di berbagai bagian Terowongan Angin, dari bagian kontraksi hingga Diffuser. Visualisasi aliran pada bagian kontraksi, akan terjadi peningkatan tekanan fluida menuju bagian uji kontur tekanan total. Ketika fluida mengalir melalui bagian uji dengan besaran kecepatan, ia akan bertransisi ke aliran laminar dan fluida melewati bagian diffuser, sehingga terjadi penurunan kecepatan

    Initial analysis of temperature distribution in V-shaped Thermal Collector

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    Pada tahun 2030 Indonesia menargetkan  pengurangan emisi hingga 29% dengan upaya sendiri dan 41% dengan bantuan internasional. Optimalisasi penggunaan energi termal dapat menekan laju emisi karbon. Kolektor termal juga dapat dioptimalkan sebagai teknologi pengeringan paska panen dalam menunjang pertanian berkelanjutan. Kolektor termal memiliki bergbagai macam jenis. Sebagai analisis awal karakteriristik perpindahan panas pada kolekor dimodelkan dengan mengunakan kolektor berbentuk V (V Groove). Distribusi Temperatur diamati dengan menggunakan komputasi dinamika fluida. Simulasi dilakukan diawali proses pemodelan, yaitu menentukan desain geometri dan material, melakukan meshing dan menentukan kondisi batas. Reynold number yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini 1500, 3000, dan 4500 yang masing-masing mewakili laminar, transisi, dan turbulen. Iradiasi matahari disimulasikan pada 1000, 800, dan 600 W/m2. Penelitian pendahuluan ini menunjukkan semakin tinggi bilangan Reynold semakin rendah temperatur udara keluar dan temperatur permukaan kolektor. Semakin besar iradiasi, semakin besar temperatur udara keluar kolektor dan temperatur permukaan kolektor yang dihasilkan

    Rancang Bangun Sistem Kontrol Lampu Rumah Menggunakan Smartphone Berbasis Arduino Uno

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    Perkembangan teknologi saat ini mendorong manusia untuk terus berpikir kreatif, tidak hanya menggali penemuan-penemuan baru, tapi juga memaksimalkan kinerja teknologi yang ada untuk meringankan kerja manusia dalam kehidupan sehari-hari seperti pengendalian lampu rumah pada tiap ruangan atau perangkat elektronik lainnya menggunakan mikrokontroler. Tujuan melakukan penelitian ini ialah merancang bangun sistem kontrol lampu rumah menggunakan smartphone, dan mengetahui respon sistem kontrol lampu rumah menggunakan smartphone. Penelitian ini juga diharapkan mampu digunakan sebagai sumber informasi pengetahuan, rujukan, dan referensi apabila ditemukan permasalahan-permasalahan baru dikemudian hari. Fokus penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetaui delay respon kendali dan jarak respon kendali. Dimana respon kendali dibagi atas dua delay yaitu delay respon menggunakan bluetooth dan delay respon menggunakan Wi-Fi, hasil pengujian dan penelitian yang telah dilakukan untuk membandingkan antara delay respon menggunakan bluetooth dan delay menggunakan Wi-Fi, dapat diketahui dari masing-masing mempunyai kelemahan dan kelebihan, dari segi kualitas respon bluetooth lebih baik karena bluetooth dapat merespon kurang dari 1 detik yaitu memiliki nilai rata-rata respon sebesar 0.233 ms untuk menyalakan lampu, dan memiliki nilai rata-rata sebesar 0.215 ms untuk mematikan lampu menggunakan bluetooth . Sedangkan untuk respon menggunakan Wi-Fi dapat merespon 2-3 detik dalam jarak yang sama dimana Wi-Fi memiliki nilai rata-rata respon sebesar 3.280 ms untuk menyalakan lampu serta 2.945 ms untuk mematikan lampu. Untuk Wi-Fi jarak kendali lebih jauh dan lebih biaya tetapi memiliki kelebihan dimana Wi-Fi bisa mengendalikan dari jarak yang lebih jauh dibandingkan dengan bluetooth yang hanya bisa mengendalikan dengan jarak terjauh 15 m, beda dengan Wi-Fi yang harus terus terkoneksi dengan jaringan internet supaya bisa terus mengendalikan dari jarak yang diinginkan. Dari hasil percobaan delay respon bluetooth memiliki keunggulan di bagian respon dengan memiliki sedikit delay respon yang lebih cepat, sedangkan Wi-Fi juga memiliki keunggulan sendiri dimana jarak tidak menjadi masalah untuk terus mengontrol dari jarak yang diinginkan

    Hardness enhancement of Al-Si alloys from sand casting with runner variations

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    Metal casting is one of the oldest and most efficient manufacturing techniques in producing metal components with complex shapes. One of the main challenges in the casting process is controlling the flow of molten metal so that it can fill the mold perfectly without producing defects. The channel in the casting mold is usually called a runner. The runner functions as a distribution channel for molten metal into the mold cavity. Optimal runner design settings are very important to prevent defects in the final product such as porosity, cold shut, and shrinkage. This study aims to identify the effect of runner shape variations on the quality of Al-Si casting. The method used in this study is a laboratory experimental method. The study began with preparing the tools and materials, the materials used in this study were used pistons. The piston melting temperature was carried out at 750°C. The results showed that the results of the cast product using a truncated cone-shaped runner (variation 1) were the best results. Macrostructural analysis showed that specimens in variation 1 had minimum casting defects and lower shrinkage compared to variation 2. Microstructural analysis showed that the cast product produced several phases. Meanwhile, the hardness number for specimen variation 1 reached 98 HRE

    Integration of Robotic Education and Islamic Religious Education through the Line Follower Robot Working Model

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    Designing robotic technology as an innovation to realize more varieties in the learning process is an interesting idea to be implemented in class. This study tries to implement robotic technology innovation into Islamic Religious Education through the line follower robot working model. In this study, the working model is used as an educational media that is implemented within the scope of good morals (al-akhlaq al-mahmudah) and bad morals (al-akhlaq al-mazmumah). This study uses the design-build method to realize the final result as a product. The product design includes designing a guide line for the line follower robot and assembling a line follower robot design system based on the results of device requirement analysis. The results of the implementation of the line follower guide line design are realized on a Flexi paper with a length of 3 meters and a width of 2 meters. While the results of the implementation of the line follower robot design system assembly are in the form of a physical/robot frame, a series of electronic hardware systems, and programs built using C language with the CodeVision AVR compiler. Based on the performance test of the line follower robot, it can be concluded that the overall design system has been successfully realized

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