191 research outputs found
Bis(isopropylÂammonium) tetraÂsulfidoÂmolybdate(VI)
The title compound, (C3H10N)2[MoS4], was synthesized by passing a rapid stream of H2S into an aqueous isopropylÂamine solution of molybdic acid. The title compound is isotypic with the corresponding W analogue (C3H10N)2[WS4]; its structure consists of a slightly distorted tetraÂhedral [MoS4]2â dianion and two crystallographically independent isopropylÂammonium cations, with all atoms located in general positions. The cations and anion are linked by weak NâHâŻS and CâHâŻS interÂactions, the strength and number of which can explain the observed MoâS bond distances
Evaluation of the Sensitivity of the MEPDG to BottomâUp Fatigue Cracking in South Carolina
The objective of the study was to evaluate the sensitivity of different input variables on the flexible pavement design thickness of high-speed, high-traffic routes in South Carolina using the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) by means of the AASHTOware Pavement ME design software. A combination of MEPDG input levels (Levels 1, 2, and 3) were used for pavement analysis based on the availability of data. The variables considered in this investigation included two-way average annual daily truck traffic (AADTT), asphalt mix type, climate station, subgrade type and resilient modulus, and aggregate base thickness. This study mainly focused on the bottom-up fatigue cracking, and individual pavement designs were evaluated to determine the asphalt concrete (AC) thickness for which the total bottom-up cracking was equal to 2% lane area after a 20-year design period. The results indicated that the asphalt mix type did not have significant impact on the pavement thickness. One of the five climate stations evaluated resulted in significantly thicker pavements than the others. Subgrade type, as well as resilient modulus, had a significant effect on the pavement thickness. Finally, pavements were more sensitive to total truck traffic changes at lower AADTT values and then became somewhat less sensitive when exposed to the highest levels of traffic. The results of this study could potentially be used to develop a preliminary asphalt thickness design catalog for interstate routes in South Carolina
Remote preconditioning by aortic constriction: affords cardioprotection as classical or other remote ischemic preconditioning? Role of iNOS
Dose remote preconditioning by aortic constriction (RPAC) affords cardioprotection similar to classical or other remote ischemic preconditioning stimulus? Moreover study was also designed to investigate role of inducible nitric oxide synthase in remote preconditioning by aortic constriction. There are sufficient evidences that "ischemic preconditioning" has surgical applications and afford clinically relevant cardioprotection. Transient occlusion of circumflex artery, renal artery, limb artery or mesenteric artery preconditions the myocardium against ischemia reperfusion injury in case of ischemic heart disease leading to myocardial infraction. Here abdominal aorta was selected to produce RPAC. Four episodes of Ischemia-reperfusion of 5 min each to abdominal aorta produced RPAC by assessment of infract size, LDH and CK. These studies suggest RPAC produced acute (FWOP) and delayed (SWOP) cardioprotective effect. RPAC demonstrated a significant decrease in Ischemia-reperfusion induced release of LDH, CK and extent of myocardial infract size. L-NAME (10 mg/Kg i.v.), Aminoguanidine (150 mg/Kg s.c.), Aminoguanidine (300 mg/Kg s.c.), S-methyl isothiourea (3 mg/Kg i.v.), 1400W (1 mg/Kg i.v.) administered 10 min. before global ischemia reperfusion produced no marked effect. Aminoguanidine (150 mg/Kg s.c.), Aminoguanidine (300 mg/Kg s.c.), S-methyl isothiourea (3 mg/Kg i.v.), 1400W (1 mg/Kg i.v.) pretreatment after RPAC produced no significant effect on acute RPAC induced decrease in LDH, CK and infract size, whereas L-NAME (10 mg/Kg i.v.) increased RPAC induced decrease in LDH, CK and infract size. Most interesting observation is in delayed RPAC, where all NOS inhibitors pretreatment attenuate RPAC induced decrease in LDH, CK and infract size. In conclusions, "Remote preconditioning by aortic constriction" (RPAC) affords cardioprotection similar to classical or other remote ischemic preconditioning stimulus. Moreover, late or delayed phase of RPAC has been mediated by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) whereas it has not involved in acute RPAC
Band flipping and bandgap closing in a photonic crystal ring and its applications
The size of the bandgap in a photonic crystal ring is typically intuitively
considered to monotonically grow as the modulation amplitude of the grating
increases, causing increasingly large frequency splittings between the
'dielectric' and 'air' bands. In contrast, here we report that as the
modulation amplitude in a photonic crystal ring increases, the bandgap does not
simply increase monotonically. Instead, after the initial increase, the bandgap
closes and then reopens again with the dielectric band and the air bands
flipped in energy. The air and dielectric band edges are degenerate at the
bandgap closing point. We demonstrate this behavior experimentally in silicon
nitride photonic crystal microrings, where we show that the bandgap is closed
to within the linewidth of the optical cavity mode, whose quality factor
remains unperturbed with a value 110 (i.e., linewidth of
2 pm). Moreover, through finite-element simulations, we show that such bandgap
closing and band flipping phenomena exist in a variety of photonic crystal
rings with varying units cell geometries and cladding layers. At the bandgap
closing point, the two standing wave modes with a degenerate frequency are
particularly promising for single-frequency lasing applications. Along this
line, we propose a compact self-injection locking scheme that integrates many
core functionalities in one photonic crystal ring. Additionally, the
single-frequency lasing might be applicable to DFB lasers to increase their
manufacturing yield.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure
Real-world clinical experience of ticagrelor in Indian patients with acute coronary syndrome after discharge from a tertiary setting
Background: To understand the usage pattern of ticagrelor in real-life clinical experience in Indian patients with the acute coronary syndrome (ACS) after discharge from a tertiary care setting.
Methods: A retrospective multicentric observational study conducted across Indian healthcare centers having medical records of adult patients with ACS. Patients prescribed with ticagrelor post-discharge for at least 1 month were included. The study endpoints were to determine the clinical effectiveness of ticagrelor in post-ACS patients and adverse events reported during the study period.
Results: A total of 1910 patients with ACS with a mean (SD) age of 58.2 (11.3) years were enrolled in this study. The median (IQR) duration of treatment was 30.0 (30.0-90.0) days. More than half of the patients (n=1115, 58.4%) were managed with interventional therapy. The most common comorbid conditions were type-2 diabetes mellitus (46.9%), followed by hypertension (36.8%). A total of 9.7% of patients reported complaints after treatment with ticagrelor. Among them, weakness, giddiness, and body pain were the most common (3.2%).
Conclusions: This real-world study revealed that ticagrelor had been used widely in patients who underwent different management strategies. History of diabetes and hypertension were the most common risk factors. There were no major adverse events reported during the follow-up, indicating ticagrelor is well-tolerated in Indian patients with ACS
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Effectiveness and safety of vedolizumab in inflammatory bowel disease patients aged 60 and over: an observational multicenter UK experience.
BACKGROUND: The GEMINI trials established the efficacy of vedolizumab in moderate-to-severe inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and demonstrated a favorable safety profile, suggesting it may be advantageous in older patients at greater risk of treatment-related complications. However, there is a paucity of data exploring the outcomes of vedolizumab in this group. Our objective was to determine the clinical effectiveness and safety of vedolizumab in older IBD patients within a real-world multicenter UK cohort. METHODS: A retrospective review of electronic records across 6 UK hospitals was undertaken to evaluate the clinical effectiveness and safety outcomes of vedolizumab in IBD patients aged â„60 at start of therapy. Rates of clinical response, remission and corticosteroid-free remission were assessed at weeks 14 and 52, using validated clinical indices, and were compared to historical controls from real-world vedolizumab-treated cohorts unstratified by age. RESULTS: Of 74 patients aged 60 years or above (median 66 years), 48 were included in our effectiveness analysis (29 ulcerative colitis, 19 Crohn's disease). Rates of clinical response, remission and corticosteroid-free remission at week 14 were 64%, 48% and 30%, respectively. By week 52, the rates of clinical response, remission, and corticosteroid-free remission were 52%, 38%, and 32%, respectively. Six (8%) patients experienced adverse effects. Effectiveness and safety outcomes were comparable to those of age-unstratified vedolizumab-treated cohorts. CONCLUSION: Our 1-year outcome data suggests that vedolizumab is safe and effective in older IBD patients and broadly comparable to cohorts unselected by age
LSST Science Book, Version 2.0
A survey that can cover the sky in optical bands over wide fields to faint
magnitudes with a fast cadence will enable many of the exciting science
opportunities of the next decade. The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST)
will have an effective aperture of 6.7 meters and an imaging camera with field
of view of 9.6 deg^2, and will be devoted to a ten-year imaging survey over
20,000 deg^2 south of +15 deg. Each pointing will be imaged 2000 times with
fifteen second exposures in six broad bands from 0.35 to 1.1 microns, to a
total point-source depth of r~27.5. The LSST Science Book describes the basic
parameters of the LSST hardware, software, and observing plans. The book
discusses educational and outreach opportunities, then goes on to describe a
broad range of science that LSST will revolutionize: mapping the inner and
outer Solar System, stellar populations in the Milky Way and nearby galaxies,
the structure of the Milky Way disk and halo and other objects in the Local
Volume, transient and variable objects both at low and high redshift, and the
properties of normal and active galaxies at low and high redshift. It then
turns to far-field cosmological topics, exploring properties of supernovae to
z~1, strong and weak lensing, the large-scale distribution of galaxies and
baryon oscillations, and how these different probes may be combined to
constrain cosmological models and the physics of dark energy.Comment: 596 pages. Also available at full resolution at
http://www.lsst.org/lsst/sciboo
LSST: from Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products
(Abridged) We describe here the most ambitious survey currently planned in
the optical, the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST). A vast array of
science will be enabled by a single wide-deep-fast sky survey, and LSST will
have unique survey capability in the faint time domain. The LSST design is
driven by four main science themes: probing dark energy and dark matter, taking
an inventory of the Solar System, exploring the transient optical sky, and
mapping the Milky Way. LSST will be a wide-field ground-based system sited at
Cerro Pach\'{o}n in northern Chile. The telescope will have an 8.4 m (6.5 m
effective) primary mirror, a 9.6 deg field of view, and a 3.2 Gigapixel
camera. The standard observing sequence will consist of pairs of 15-second
exposures in a given field, with two such visits in each pointing in a given
night. With these repeats, the LSST system is capable of imaging about 10,000
square degrees of sky in a single filter in three nights. The typical 5
point-source depth in a single visit in will be (AB). The
project is in the construction phase and will begin regular survey operations
by 2022. The survey area will be contained within 30,000 deg with
, and will be imaged multiple times in six bands, ,
covering the wavelength range 320--1050 nm. About 90\% of the observing time
will be devoted to a deep-wide-fast survey mode which will uniformly observe a
18,000 deg region about 800 times (summed over all six bands) during the
anticipated 10 years of operations, and yield a coadded map to . The
remaining 10\% of the observing time will be allocated to projects such as a
Very Deep and Fast time domain survey. The goal is to make LSST data products,
including a relational database of about 32 trillion observations of 40 billion
objects, available to the public and scientists around the world.Comment: 57 pages, 32 color figures, version with high-resolution figures
available from https://www.lsst.org/overvie
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