The Method of Light Dose Measurement During Phodinamic Therapy

A new method of light dose monitoring during the photodynamic therapy of abdominal cavity organs was developed. To apply this method specially developed sensors were constructed. For these sensors the temporal and distance dependences of light doses were received and analyzed. It was shown that the light dose from the operating lamp is large enough in laser light field to be taken into account when planning photodynamic therapy. Keywords: PDT, light doses, other source of light in PDT, photodynamic therap

Gender Sensitive Practices as Effective Tools for Implementing the Equality Policy: The Experience of Ukrainian Universities

The article is based on the experience of creating a gender sensitive environment at Sumy State University in order to integrate the gender aspect into policies, programmes and projects related to learning activities and research, as well as other areas of the university’s life. This experience is analyzed on the example of the implementation of the “Family friendly university” initiative and the practice of conducting a partial gender audit of the university’s activities

Limited Sanity in the Legislation of Russia and Europe

This article presents the author’s analysis of the problem of limited sanity in the criminal law theory and practice of Russia and Europe. The author established that the problem of limited sanity, despite its long history, has not yet been developed in many countries, and that the boundaries of the concept of limited sanity are extremely vague and indefinite. However, the experience of some foreign countries in terms of ensuring security measures can be used in the Russian Federation

The subject of crime: the problem of establishing age limits of criminal responsibility

This article presents the authors’ analysis of the problem of determining the subject of a crime as a legal concept, and defining the legal characteristics of a person who has committed a crime by features that are necessary for criminal responsibility (individual, age, and responsibility

Effect of mechanical activation on the composition if mineral components in humic acids isolated from carbons

It is shown that the mechanical activation of oxidized and brown coals is accompanied by an increase in the yield of humic acids and in their content of functional groups. It was demonstrated by atomic-emission spectroscopy that, under a high-intensity mechanical treatment, mineral elements are redistributed in the coal substance and incorporated into the structure of humic acids

СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ ПРОЦЕДУРЫ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ БИС(2-ХЛОРЭТИЛ)СУЛЬФИДА В МАТЕРИАЛАХ С ВЫСОКОЙ СОРБЦИОННОЙ АКТИВНОСТЬЮ

A rapid, unified, highly sensitive and selective procedure for bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide (sulfur mustard, SM) determination in matrices with high sorption activity using gas chromatography-tandem mass-spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) was developed. Ceramic tile, concrete, various types of bricks and polymers were studied as objects of the analysis. The parameters for the GC-MS/MS determination of SM were optimized. The efficiency of five solvents (diethyl ether, 2-chloropropane, acetonitrile, hexane, and acetone) for the extraction of SM from the various matrices was studied. 2-chloropropane was the extraction solvent of choice. The developed procedure is based on the extraction of SM from the matrix and the concentration of the extract under the stream of nitrogen to 0.2 mL followed by GC-MS/MS analysis. The LODs for SM in all investigated matrices were 0.7-0.9 ng/g (0.007-0.009 MPC). The long-term stability of SM in various materials was studied. It was shown that in brick, concrete and ceramic samples the residual amount of SM after five months of storage at 4°C was below the LOD of the method, while in polymer samples under the same storage condition the amount of SM has not changed significantly. The developed procedure has been applied to the analysis of samples from the former chemical weapons destruction facility.Key words: bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide, sulfur mustard, construction materials, gas chromatography, tandem mass-spectrometryDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2021.25.2.004 M.D. Shachneva, N.L. Koryagina, E.I. Savelieva Research Institute of Hygiene, Occupational Pathology and Human EcologyFederal State Unitary Enterprise, Federal Medical Biological Agency,g/p Kuz’molovsky, Vsevolozhsky District, Leningrad Region, 188663, Russian FederationРазработана унифицированная высокочувствительная высокоселективная и экспрессная процедура определения бис(2-хлорэтил)сульфида (сернистого иприта) в образцах с высокой сорбционной активностью методом газовой хроматографии с тандемным масс-селективным детектированием (ГХ-МС/МС). Процедура основана на экстракции бис(2-хлорэтил)сульфида из матрицы и концентрировании экстракта в токе азота до 0.2 мл с последующим анализом методом ГХ-МС/МС. В качестве объектов анализа исследованы керамическая плитка, бетон, различные виды кирпича и полимеров. Предел определения иприта в разных матрицах составил 0.7-0.9 нг/г (0.007-0.009 ПДК). Изучена эффективность пяти экстрагентов (диэтилового эфира, 2-хлорпропана, ацетонитрила, гексана и ацетона) для извлечения аналита из матриц различной природы. Показано, что для извлечения бис(2-хлорэтил)сульфида из впитывающих материалов оптимальным экстрагентом является 2-хлорпропан. Исследована стабильность бис(2-хлорэтил)сульфида в составе впитывающих материалов в процессе длительного хранения. Показано, что в образцах на основе бетона после пяти месяцев хранения при температуре 4 °С остаточное содержание бис(2-хлорэтил)сульфида ниже предела обнаружения методики, в то время как в полимерных материалах в этих же условиях хранения содержание бис(2-хлорэтил)сульфида практически не менялось. Проведена апробация методики на образцах строительных материалов, отобранных при мониторинге бывшего объекта по уничтожению химического оружия на этапе конверсии.Ключевые слова: бис(2-хлорэтил)сульфид, сернистый иприт, строительные материалы, газовая хроматография, тандемное масс-селективное детектированиеDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2021.25.2.00

Limited Sanity in the Legislation of Russia and Europe

This article presents the author’s analysis of the problem of limited sanity in the criminal law theory and practice of Russia and Europe. The author established that the problem of limited sanity, despite its long history, has not yet been developed in many countries, and that the boundaries of the concept of limited sanity are extremely vague and indefinite. However, the experience of some foreign countries in terms of ensuring security measures can be used in the Russian Federatio

The role of polymorphic variants of arginase genes (<i>ARG1, ARG2</i>) involved in beta-2-agonist metabolism in the development and course of asthma

Asthma is a common severe disease of the respiratory tract, it leads to a significant impairment in the quality of a patient’s life unless effectively treated. Uncontrolled asthma symptoms are a cause of disease progression and development, they lead to an increase in the patient’s disability. The sensitivity to asthma therapy largely depends on the interaction of genetic and epigenetic factors, which account for about 50–60 % of variability of therapeutic response. Beta-2-agonists are some of the major class of bronchodilators used for asthma management. According to published data, allelic variants of the arginase ARG1 and ARG2 genes are associated with a risk of asthma development, spirometry measures and efficacy of bronchodilator therapy. High arginase activity results in a low level of plasma L-arginine and in a decrease in nitric oxide, and, as a result, in an increase in airway inflammation and remodeling. Arginase genetic polymorphisms (rs2781667 of the ARG1 gene, rs17249437, rs3742879, rs7140310 of the ARG2 gene) were studied in 236 children with asthma and 194 unrelated healthy individuals of Russian, Tatar and Bashkir ethnicity from the Republic of Bashkortostan. Association analysis of the studied polymorphisms with asthma development and course, the sensitivity to therapy in patients was carried out. It was found that the rs2781667*C allele of the ARG1 gene is a marker of an increased risk of asthma in Tatars. In Russians, the association of rs17249437*TT and rs3742879*GG genotypes of the ARG2 gene with a decrease in spirometry measures (FEV1, MEF25) was established. In Russians and Tatars receiving glucocorticoid monotherapy or combination therapy, the association of the rs17249437*T allele and rs17249437*TT genotype of the ARG2 gene with a partially controlled and uncontrolled course of asthma was shown