La schizophrénie à l’épreuve d’une psychanalyse par le psychodrame : la schize et l’objet.

International audienc

La schizophrénie à l’épreuve d’une psychanalyse par le psychodrame : la schize et l’objet.

International audienc

La schizophrénie à l’épreuve d’une psychanalyse par le psychodrame : la schize et l’objet.

International audienc

Clinical images: Focal myositis demonstrated on positron emission tomography.

International audienc

La démocratie à l'épreuve du conflit

Poser la question de la place et de la valeur du conflit en démocratie n’est pas inédit. La philosophie politique au XXe siècle le fait déjà abondamment, tant pour contester le consensualisme de la démocratie délibérative, que pour interroger les limites du libéralisme sur la question des dangers que représentent les conflits radicaux, et proposer, de manière très diverse, une valorisation de l’agonistique. Pour autant, de nombreux événements récents, notamment des mouvements sociaux contestataires, reposent cette question avec acuité. Est-ce à dire que l’on assiste à une intensification des conflits sociaux de nos jours, et ce pour le bien de nos démocraties ? Le conflit peut-il, de manière pertinente, servir de principe politique ? Les contributions qui suivent ont la particularité d’interroger la conflictualité démocratique contemporaine soit directement, soit de manière plus large en la liant à des questions plus anciennes – révélant ainsi toute sa complexité. Questions regarding the role and value of social conflict in democracy are nothing new. This issue has been extensively discussed in 20th century political philosophy, where scholars have brought into question the consensualism of deliberative democracy as well as the limited ways in which liberalism responds to real crises. They have proposed, in various ways, agonism as a viable and valuable alternative. Moreover, contemporary social movements renew the call for more analysis on the role of social conflict. Are we facilitating an intensification of social conflict in our present day? Does this act in the interests of democracy? Can conflict serve a political principal? The following contributions examine the democratic potential of agonism, either directly or through a broader approach that engages longstanding questions in the field – revealing its complexity

Study of behaviours and emitted codas during sperm whales social interactions

International audienceSperm whales live in the matrilineal population structure based on complex social interactions. Groups of 10-20 adult females stay together and raise their offspring. During social activities, they emit specific patterned time sequences of clicks, called codas. These codas are also the social unit acoustic signature. However, no associations were already done between these emitted sounds and behaviours. To answer this question, we used a dataset including simultaneous video and acoustic recordings during sperm whale activities close to the sea surface. In 2017 and 2018, 114 days of observations for 25h33min was done. A total of 1,810 behaviours and of 1,324 codas were extracted. We analyzed their internal structures, based of number of clicks and also the variation of inter-click intervals. Results showed firstly that the 8-clicks codas were the most frequent sequences for this social unit, and secondly that codas seems to be call and contact signals for this haptic species

Characterisation of a high-risk profile for maternal thrombotic and severe haemorrhagic complications in pregnant women with antiphospholipid syndrome in France (GR2): a multicentre, prospective, observational study

International audienceBackgroundProspective data about the risks of thrombotic and severe haemorrhagic complications during pregnancy and post partum are unavailable for women with antiphospholipid syndrome. We aimed to assess thrombotic and haemorrhagic events in a prospective cohort of pregnant women with antiphospholipid syndrome.MethodsThis multicentre, prospective, observational study was done at 76 centres in France. To be eligible for this study, women had to have diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome; have conceived before April 17, 2020; have an ongoing pregnancy that had reached 12 weeks of gestation; and be included in the study before 18 weeks of gestation. Exclusion criteria were active systemic lupus erythematosus nephropathy, or a multifetal pregnancy. Severe haemorrhage was defined as the need for red blood cell transfusion or maternal intensive care unit admission because of bleeding or invasive procedures, defined as interventional radiology or surgery, to control bleeding. The GR2 study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02450396.FindingsBetween May 26, 2014, and April 17, 2020, 168 pregnancies in 27 centres met the inclusion criteria for the study. 89 (53%) of 168 women had a history of thrombosis. The median term at inclusion was 8 weeks gestation. 16 (10%) of 168 women (95%CI 5–15) had a thrombotic (six [4%] women; 95% CI 1–8) or severe haemorrhagic event (12 [7%] women; 95% CI 4–12). There were no deaths during the study. The main risk factors for thrombotic events were lupus anticoagulant positivity at inclusion (six [100%] of six women with thrombosis vs 78 [51%] of 152 of those with no thrombosis; p=0·030) and placental insufficiency (four [67%] of six women vs 28 [17%] of 162 women; p=0·013). The main risk factors for severe haemorrhagic events were pre-existing maternal hypertension (four [33%] of 12 women vs 11 [7%] of 156 women; p=0·014), lupus anticoagulant positivity at inclusion (12 [100%] of 12 women vs 72 [49%] of 146 women; p<0·0001) and during antiphospholipid history (12 [100%] of 12 women vs 104 [67%] of 156 women; p=0·019), triple antiphospholipid antibody positivity (eight [67%] of 12 women vs 36 [24%] of 147 women; p=0·0040), placental insufficiency (five [42%] of 12 women vs 27 [17%] of 156 women; p=0·038), and preterm delivery at 34 weeks or earlier (five [45%] of 11 women vs 12 [8%] of 145 women; p=0·0030).InterpretationDespite treatment adhering to international recommendations, a proportion of women with antiphospholipid syndrome developed a thrombotic or severe haemorrhagic complication related to pregnancy, most frequently in the post-partum period. Lupus anticoagulant and placental insufficiency were risk factors for these life-threatening complications. These complications are difficult to prevent, but knowledge of the antenatal characteristics associated with them should increase awareness and help physicians manage these high-risk pregnancies