Perjanjian Baku dan Perlindungan Konsumen dalam Transaksi Bisnis Sektor Jasa Keuangan: Penerapan dan Implementasinya di Indonesia

Ketika konsumen tertarik dengan promosi yang ditawarkan pelaku usaha jasa keuangan, sesungguhnya ia tidak menyadari persoalan yang akan dihadapi berikutnya. Persoalan akan timbul ketika konsumen menghadapi formula perjanjian baku yang di dalamnya banyak terdapat klausula baku yang mengharuskan konsumen setuju. Pada praktiknya, saat ini tidak ada jasa keuangan yang tidak menggunakan format perjanjian dan klausula baku dalam bertransaksi dengan para konsumen. Bentuk perjanjian semacam ini jelas memposisikan konsumen sebagai pihak yang tidak punya daya tawar, sehingga, apapun isi dari perjanjian baku tersebut mau tidak mau harus disetujui, meskipun pada dasarnya konsumen mengetahui bahwa isi perjanjian memberatkan dirinya. Dalam wacana perlindungan konsumen, hal ini dikenal sebagai prinsip take it or leave it. Penggunaan perjanjian baku dengan sendirinya membuka peluang bagi penyedia jasa keuangan untuk memasukkan semua klausula yang menguntungkan dirinya. Biasanya konsumen yang berhubungan dengan jasa keuangan akan menjumpai berbagai kewajibannya sudah tertuang dalam perjanjian tanpa dapat dinegosiasikan. Kewajiban tersebut diantaranya mengenai biaya yang harus ditanggungnya, suku bunga, pemberian kuasa sepihak, serta semua kewajiban yang akan timbul di kemudian hari. Praktis sangat sedikit hak konsumen dituangkan dalam perjanjian baku ini. Standard Contract and Consumer Protection on Business Transaction of Financial Sector: Indonesia's Practice and Implementation AbstractConsumers are usually unaware of issue might arrise when they were interested on the financial services entity offer. The issue might arrise when consumer given a standard contract formulas that loaded with standard clauses, which been prepared for the consumers to be approved. These days, there is noneof financial services entity that do not use a standard contract format which contained standard clauses in their contract with customers. The form of standard contract is obviously set the consumer to lose their bargain power. It makes the consumers does not have any choice beside consent even it they know that the contract is harmful for them.  In the discourse of consumer protection, this mechanism is known as the principle of “take it or leave it”.The use of a standard contract by itself open an opportunity for financial service providers to include all the clauses that benefit him. Usually consumer-related financial services will find a variety of obligations stated in the contract can be negotiated without. Example of costs that must be borne, interest rates, giving unilateral power, and all the obligations that will arise in the future. Practically very little consumer rights set forth in this standard contract.Keywords: standard contract, consumer protection, financial services, financial services businesses, bargaining position.DOI: https://doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v2n2.a

INTERPRETASI HUKUM PERKARA PENIPUAN ONLINE MODUS INVESTASI KAJIAN UNDANG-UNDANG NO.42 TAHUN 2009 DAN UNDANG-UNDANG NO.25 TAHUN 2007

Maraknya praktek penipuan online dengan modus investasi di DKI Jakarta dipengaruhi 2 (dua) faktor yaitu faktor ketidaktahuan masyarakat perihal investasi melalui platform online. Faktor lainnya belum optimalnya penegak hukum untuk melakukan langkah pencegahan dengan mensosialisasikan kepada masyarakat mengenai bahayanya investasi online. Tujuan penelitian ingin lebih memahami penafsiran hukum perkara penipuan online dengan modus investasi. Tujuan lainnya agar masyarakat lebih berhati-hati dengan penawaran investasi online yang menjanjikan keuntungan berlipat ganda. Pendekatan penelitian yaitu pendekatan Sosiologi hukum. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa penegakan hukum oleh Polri terhadap tersangka penipuan investasi online, belum berlangsung optimal karena penyidik hanya menggunakan pasal-pasal KUHP dan Undang-Undang ITE. Namun tidak menggunakan Undang-Undang Nomor 42/2009, dan Undang-Undang Nomor 25/2007, penyidik juga harus segera memutus mata rantai praktek penipuan online tersebut. 

Efektivitas Regulasi Bencana Non Alam COVID-19 terhadap Pelaksanaan Pilkada Serentak Tahun 2020

Salah satu penyebab dari meledaknya pandemi Covid-19 ini yaitu penundaan tahapan Pilkada Serentak Tahun 2020 selama 3 bulan. Awalnya Pelaksanaan Pilkada Serentak Tahun 2020 akan dilaksanakan pada 23 September 2020, diundur menjadi tanggal 9 Desember 2020 dengan dikeluarkannya Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2020 Tentang Perubahan Ketiga atas Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2015 tentang Penetapan Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemilihan Gubernur, Bupati, dan Wali kota, menjadi Undang-Undang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa Efektivitas Regulasi Bencana Non Alam Covid-19 terhadap Pelaksanaan Pilkada Serentak Tahun 2020”. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Regulasi pelaksanaan Pilkada Serentak Tahun 2020 di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 sudah memaksimalkan pencegahan cluster baru penyebaran Covid-19 dengan menyisipkan Protokol kesehatan dalam setiap aturan dari mulai Undang-undang sampai dengan Peraturan-peraturan yang diatur oleh Penyelenggara Pemilu dalam pelaksanaan Pilkada Serentak Tahun 2020 ini. Pada dasarnya Regulasi telah mengatur secara gamblang dan spesifik sampai dengan ranah teknis. Hanya saja kesadaran masyarakat terutama para peserta pemilu yang masih ada yang tidak memperhatikan protokol kesehatan yang telah diberlakukan berdasarkan regulasi yang berlaku, dan juga ketegasan dari para pelaksana tugas penanggulangan penyebaran covid-19 yang dianggap masih belum maksimal, dan terkadang dari pelaksana tersebut sendiri yang melanggar regulasi yang berlaku

Perlindungan Hukum Pemegang Saham Minoritas Perseroan Terbatas Tertutup dan Keadilan Berdasar Pancasila

Legal protection for the majority shareholders is sufficiently guaranteed, especially through the mechanism of the RUPS, but this is not the case for minority shareholders, thus creating an injustice problem for minority shareholders. The purpose of this study is to uncover and find out legal protection for minority shareholders in a limited liability company based on Pancasila justice. This research is normative juridical so it uses secondary data with the law approach and qualitative data analysis. The results showed that the General Meeting of Shareholders did not reflect legal protection for minority shareholders, because in every decision making through the General Meeting of Shareholders and various other decisions based on the attendance quorum about the majority of votes present at the General Meeting of Shareholders. Such matter is detrimental to the interests of minority shareholders because without the presence of minority shareholders, a General Meeting of Shareholders can be held, while minority shareholders also have the same rights and obligations and responsibilities. The majority of shareholders hold a large and full control over the company, resulting in minority shareholders, there is no guarantee to get justice based on Pancasila justice. Therefore, the General Meeting of Shareholders must be held if attended by all shareholders with voting rights present or represented. If this is not the case, the results of the General Meeting of Shareholders may be canceled

Perlindungan Hukum Pemegang Saham Minoritas Perseroan Terbatas Tertutup dan Keadilan Berdasar Pancasila

Legal protection for the majority shareholders is sufficiently guaranteed, especially through the mechanism of the RUPS, but this is not the case for minority shareholders, thus creating an injustice problem for minority shareholders. The purpose of this study is to uncover and find out legal protection for minority shareholders in a limited liability company based on Pancasila justice. This research is normative juridical so it uses secondary data with the law approach and qualitative data analysis. The results showed that the General Meeting of Shareholders did not reflect legal protection for minority shareholders, because in every decision making through the General Meeting of Shareholders and various other decisions based on the attendance quorum about the majority of votes present at the General Meeting of Shareholders. Such matter is detrimental to the interests of minority shareholders because without the presence of minority shareholders, a General Meeting of Shareholders can be held, while minority shareholders also have the same rights and obligations and responsibilities. The majority of shareholders hold a large and full control over the company, resulting in minority shareholders, there is no guarantee to get justice based on Pancasila justice. Therefore, the General Meeting of Shareholders must be held if attended by all shareholders with voting rights present or represented. If this is not the case, the results of the General Meeting of Shareholders may be canceled

Draft Completion Cancellation Certificate of Mortgage Rights by the Land Office Regency Sukabumi to Achieve Legal Certainty

Uncertainty law-related ownership of land Lots triggers disputes and conflicts with land in various regions in Indonesia. There is a certificate right canceled dependents Because exists decision court already canceled the certificate right already owned attached to rights dependents. So by canceling it certificate rights dependents become conflict land separately Because creditor holder rights dependents will feel at a loss with existing cancellation. This research aims to How the implementation of cancellation certificate rights depends on the decision the court annulled certificate rights owned by. Then How to draft a solution cancellation certificate right responsibility by the BPN or Land Office Regency Sukabumi to achieve certainty law? Type of study This is empirical legal research that is descriptive and qualitative. Primary data was obtained from the National Land Agency of Sukabumi Regency and the Cibadak District Court, then secondary data came from various documents, books, literature, magazines, newspapers, the internet, and legal regulations related to the research issue. Data collection methods used include interviews and literature study. The author applies qualitative data analysis techniques with an interactive model. From the results study and data analysis, it can be concluded that the process of making a deed of sale and purchase of land rights by the Land Deed Drafting Officer (PPAT) was carried out against the law, resulting in legal defects. Elimination of Mortgage Rights due to loss of land rights results in the creditor losing the ability to sell through auction, which is a characteristic of Mortgage Rights. Objections from creditors who hold mortgage rights are the reason for deletion. To strengthen the value of an authentic deed, such as a Deed of Granting Mortgage Rights, it is recommended to contain stronger promises to protect creditor rights during the registration process. Regulations regarding the cancellation of property rights certificates that are encumbered with mortgage rights need to be regulated to protect creditors holding mortgage rights in a preventive manner, namely preventive measures by the government based on freedom of action and methods of resolving disputes