Uso de monossulfeto de tetraetiltiuram no tratamento de ectoparasitas em camundongos

Casais de camundongos isogênicos das raças CBA, BALB/c e machos e fêmeas de Swiss heterogenéticos criados no sistema convencional, que se encontravam infectados em diferentes graus por Myobia musculi e Myocoptes musculinus, foram submetidos a quatro esquemas de tratamento com Tetmosol. A incidência de ectoparasitas na raça C57BL/10 foi apenas 1,2%. Todos os animais da raça CBA e Swiss encontravam-se parasitados, enquanto que a infestação do BALB/c foi de 50 a 90%. Os melhores resultados dos 4 esquemas de tratamento testados foram observados utilizando-se Tetmosol na concentração 2,5% em banhos seriados com intervalos alternados de 3 e 4 dias, num período de 21 dias. A incidência de ectoparasitas adultos em CBA, BALB/c e Swiss após o tratamento foi de respectivamente 0%, 40% e 0%, enquanto que para ovos viáveis os respectivos resultados foram de 20%, 50% e 0%. Após a introdução de matrizes tratadas num sistema de criação sob barreiras, a colônia tem sido examinada sistematicamente há 24 meses e encontra-se isenta de ectoparasitas.Colonies of CBA, C57BL/10, BALB/c and Swiss mice housed in conventional systems were found to be infected to different degrees with both Myobia musculi and Myocoptes musculinus. Groups of ten different sister-brother pairs of the isogenic mice and groups of 25 mice separated according to were infected by the parasite and then submitted to 4 different schemes of treatment with Tetmosol. C57BL/10 presented a very low incidence of parasites (1.2%). Every pair of CBA, and every Swiss mice examined, were found to be infected while only 50-90% of the pairs of BALB/c mice were infected. The best results of four different schemes were obtained by dipping the animals in 2.5% Tetmosol, at 3-4 days intervals for 21 days. The incidence of adult parasite forms in CBA, BALB/c and Swiss mice were found to be 0%, 40% and 0%, respectively, while in viable eggs it was found to be 20%, 50% and 0%, respectively

Dynamics of fibrosis production and resorption in intestinal schistosomiasis of mice

A histological, morphometric and immunocytochemical study of schistosomal periovular granulomas in the liver and intestines of mice revealed that intestinal granulomas are smaller and contain less collagen than those in the liver. After curative treatment intestinal granulomas undergo a relatively more rapid resorption, although the general pattern of collagen degradation apparently does not differ from that observed in the liver. Tendency to form scattered, usually isolated granulomas that are only mildly fibrogenic, coupled with a well-balanced process of resorption appear as the explanation why intestinal fibrosis is not an outstanding feature of schistosomiasis as it is in the liver

Induced tolerance to Schistosoma mansoni antigens modulates periovular granuloma.

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2012-10-26T19:05:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Sadigursky M Induced tolerance to Schistosoma....pdf: 150019 bytes, checksum: c8bf3b1fdfb4dfefdde63908c795408c (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-26T19:05:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sadigursky M Induced tolerance to Schistosoma....pdf: 150019 bytes, checksum: c8bf3b1fdfb4dfefdde63908c795408c (MD5) Previous issue date: 1987Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilHarward Medical School. Boston, USAImmunological tolerance to Schistosoma mansoni antigens induced by oral exposure of neonatal and adult mice to adult worm, soluble egg and polysaccharide antigens conducted to modulated periovular granuloma of infected mice. However the tolerance do not interfere in the infection. The estimative population and subpopulation of lymphocytes in the spleen of tolerized (not infected) animals do not differ from normal animals but Lyt 2.2 reactive lymphocytes to Schistosoma antigens was demonstrated in the tolerized animals

Uso de monossulfeto de tetraetiltiuram no tratamento de ectoparasitas em camundongos Use of tetraethiltyuram in the treatment of ectoparasites in mice

Casais de camundongos isogênicos das raças CBA, BALB/c e machos e fêmeas de Swiss heterogenéticos criados no sistema convencional, que se encontravam infectados em diferentes graus por Myobia musculi e Myocoptes musculinus, foram submetidos a quatro esquemas de tratamento com Tetmosol. A incidência de ectoparasitas na raça C57BL/10 foi apenas 1,2%. Todos os animais da raça CBA e Swiss encontravam-se parasitados, enquanto que a infestação do BALB/c foi de 50 a 90%. Os melhores resultados dos 4 esquemas de tratamento testados foram observados utilizando-se Tetmosol na concentração 2,5% em banhos seriados com intervalos alternados de 3 e 4 dias, num período de 21 dias. A incidência de ectoparasitas adultos em CBA, BALB/c e Swiss após o tratamento foi de respectivamente 0%, 40% e 0%, enquanto que para ovos viáveis os respectivos resultados foram de 20%, 50% e 0%. Após a introdução de matrizes tratadas num sistema de criação sob barreiras, a colônia tem sido examinada sistematicamente há 24 meses e encontra-se isenta de ectoparasitas.<br>Colonies of CBA, C57BL/10, BALB/c and Swiss mice housed in conventional systems were found to be infected to different degrees with both Myobia musculi and Myocoptes musculinus. Groups of ten different sister-brother pairs of the isogenic mice and groups of 25 mice separated according to were infected by the parasite and then submitted to 4 different schemes of treatment with Tetmosol. C57BL/10 presented a very low incidence of parasites (1.2%). Every pair of CBA, and every Swiss mice examined, were found to be infected while only 50-90% of the pairs of BALB/c mice were infected. The best results of four different schemes were obtained by dipping the animals in 2.5% Tetmosol, at 3-4 days intervals for 21 days. The incidence of adult parasite forms in CBA, BALB/c and Swiss mice were found to be 0%, 40% and 0%, respectively, while in viable eggs it was found to be 20%, 50% and 0%, respectively

Weaning from mechanical ventilation in intensive care units across 50 countries (WEAN SAFE): a multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study

Background Current management practices and outcomes in weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation are poorly understood. We aimed to describe the epidemiology, management, timings, risk for failure, and outcomes of weaning in patients requiring at least 2 days of invasive mechanical ventilation. Methods WEAN SAFE was an international, multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study done in 481 intensive care units in 50 countries. Eligible participants were older than 16 years, admitted to a participating intensive care unit, and receiving mechanical ventilation for 2 calendar days or longer. We defined weaning initiation as the first attempt to separate a patient from the ventilator, successful weaning as no reintubation or death within 7 days of extubation, and weaning eligibility criteria based on positive end-expiratory pressure, fractional concentration of oxygen in inspired air, and vasopressors. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients successfully weaned at 90 days. Key secondary outcomes included weaning duration, timing of weaning events, factors associated with weaning delay and weaning failure, and hospital outcomes. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03255109. Findings Between Oct 4, 2017, and June 25, 2018, 10 232 patients were screened for eligibility, of whom 5869 were enrolled. 4523 (77·1%) patients underwent at least one separation attempt and 3817 (65·0%) patients were successfully weaned from ventilation at day 90. 237 (4·0%) patients were transferred before any separation attempt, 153 (2·6%) were transferred after at least one separation attempt and not successfully weaned, and 1662 (28·3%) died while invasively ventilated. The median time from fulfilling weaning eligibility criteria to first separation attempt was 1 day (IQR 0–4), and 1013 (22·4%) patients had a delay in initiating first separation of 5 or more days. Of the 4523 (77·1%) patients with separation attempts, 2927 (64·7%) had a short wean (≤1 day), 457 (10·1%) had intermediate weaning (2–6 days), 433 (9·6%) required prolonged weaning (≥7 days), and 706 (15·6%) had weaning failure. Higher sedation scores were independently associated with delayed initiation of weaning. Delayed initiation of weaning and higher sedation scores were independently associated with weaning failure. 1742 (31·8%) of 5479 patients died in the intensive care unit and 2095 (38·3%) of 5465 patients died in hospital. Interpretation In critically ill patients receiving at least 2 days of invasive mechanical ventilation, only 65% were weaned at 90 days. A better understanding of factors that delay the weaning process, such as delays in weaning initiation or excessive sedation levels, might improve weaning success rates

Weaning from mechanical ventilation in intensive care units across 50 countries (WEAN SAFE): a multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study

Background: Current management practices and outcomes in weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation are poorly understood. We aimed to describe the epidemiology, management, timings, risk for failure, and outcomes of weaning in patients requiring at least 2 days of invasive mechanical ventilation. Methods: WEAN SAFE was an international, multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study done in 481 intensive care units in 50 countries. Eligible participants were older than 16 years, admitted to a participating intensive care unit, and receiving mechanical ventilation for 2 calendar days or longer. We defined weaning initiation as the first attempt to separate a patient from the ventilator, successful weaning as no reintubation or death within 7 days of extubation, and weaning eligibility criteria based on positive end-expiratory pressure, fractional concentration of oxygen in inspired air, and vasopressors. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients successfully weaned at 90 days. Key secondary outcomes included weaning duration, timing of weaning events, factors associated with weaning delay and weaning failure, and hospital outcomes. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03255109. Findings: Between Oct 4, 2017, and June 25, 2018, 10 232 patients were screened for eligibility, of whom 5869 were enrolled. 4523 (77·1%) patients underwent at least one separation attempt and 3817 (65·0%) patients were successfully weaned from ventilation at day 90. 237 (4·0%) patients were transferred before any separation attempt, 153 (2·6%) were transferred after at least one separation attempt and not successfully weaned, and 1662 (28·3%) died while invasively ventilated. The median time from fulfilling weaning eligibility criteria to first separation attempt was 1 day (IQR 0-4), and 1013 (22·4%) patients had a delay in initiating first separation of 5 or more days. Of the 4523 (77·1%) patients with separation attempts, 2927 (64·7%) had a short wean (≤1 day), 457 (10·1%) had intermediate weaning (2-6 days), 433 (9·6%) required prolonged weaning (≥7 days), and 706 (15·6%) had weaning failure. Higher sedation scores were independently associated with delayed initiation of weaning. Delayed initiation of weaning and higher sedation scores were independently associated with weaning failure. 1742 (31·8%) of 5479 patients died in the intensive care unit and 2095 (38·3%) of 5465 patients died in hospital. Interpretation: In critically ill patients receiving at least 2 days of invasive mechanical ventilation, only 65% were weaned at 90 days. A better understanding of factors that delay the weaning process, such as delays in weaning initiation or excessive sedation levels, might improve weaning success rates. Funding: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine, European Respiratory Society