630 research outputs found

    The (Ir)relevance of the NRU for Policy Making: The Case of Denmark

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    We reconsider the central role of the natural rate of unemployment (NRU) in forming policy decisions. We show that the unemployment rate does not gravitate towards the NRU due to frictional growth, a phenomenon that encapsulates the interplay between lagged adjustment processes and growth in dynamic labour market systems. We choose Denmark as the focal point of our empirical analysis and find that the NRU explains only 33% of the unemployment variation, while frictional growth accounts for the remaining 67%. Therefore, our theoretical and empirical findings raise serious doubts as to whether the NRU should play a key instrumental role in policy making.Unemployment, Natural rate of unemployment, Labour market dynamics, Frictional growth, Chain reaction theory

    Capital Accumulation and Unemployment: New Insights on the Nordic Experience

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    This paper takes a fresh look at the analysis of labour market dynamics and argues that capital accumulation plays a fundamental role in shaping unemployment movements. This role has generally been examined by considering indirect transmission channels of the capital stock effects, i.e. using variables like interest rates or investment ratios in the estimation of single-equation unemployment rate models. Here we advocate a different approach. We directly estimate the effects of capital stock in the labour market by applying the chain reaction theory of unemployment, and we find that capital stock is a major determinant of unemployment in the Nordic countries. In particular, the different unemployment experiences of these economies derive from the temporary (albeit prolonged) negative shocks to capital stock growth in Denmark and Sweden, and the permanent downturn of capital stock growth in Finland. We are thus able to explain why the crisis of the early 1990s had a more accute impact in Finland than in its twin economy, Sweden.Unemployment dynamics, Chain reaction theory, Capital accumulation, Nordic countries

    Girardia festae (Borelli, 1898) (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Dugesiidae): Distribution extension in a high-altitude lake from Colombia

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    We revise the Neotropical distribution of Girardia festae (Platyhelminthes, Dugesiidae) following a new record in a Colombian high-altitude lake. G. festae is a freshwater planarian known mainly in the Andean Cordillera from Venezuela to Argentina. The species' key reproductive features include: ventral testes, bottle-like penis papilla, and sperm ducts joining to the penis bulb latero-dorsally.Fil: Brusa, Francisco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División de Zoología Invertebrados; ArgentinaFil: Negrete, Lisandro Hector Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División de Zoología Invertebrados; ArgentinaFil: Herrera Martínez, Yimy. Universidad Pedagógica Nacional de Colombia.; ColombiaFil: Herrando Pérez, Salvador. University of Adelaide; Australia. Bioestudios Saganta; Españ

    First approach to automatic performance status evaluation and physical activity recognition in cancer patients

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    The evaluation of cancer patients’ recovery is still under the big subjectivity of physicians. Many different systems have been successfully implemented for physical activity evaluation, nonetheless there is still a big leap into Performance Status evaluation with ECOG and Karnofsky’s Performance Status scores. An automatic system for data recovering based on Android smartphone and wearables has been developed. A gamification implementation has been designed for increasing patients’ motivation in their recovery. Furthermore, novel and without-precedent algorithms for Performance Status (PS) and Physical Activity (PA) assessment have been developed to help oncologists in their diagnoses

    Modelling the night sky brightness and light pollutionsources of Montsec protected area

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    We proceeded to the modelling of the night sky brightness of Montsec area (north-east of Spain), an astronomical protected area certified as a Starlight Reserve. We have used the hyperspectral version of ILLUMINA, an artificial sky brightness model. Ground based measurements for Montsec and other areas of Catalonia [15], [16], including both photometric and spectroscopic data, has been used to fit and evaluate the input parameters of the model. In this first modelling attempt, Lleida, the biggest city in the area, has been considered as the unique source of light pollution. In 2014 there was an update of the lighting infrastructure in Lleida. A detailed comparison of the sky brightness before and after the change is shown in order to measure the effects that different kind of lamps can produce. This information could be used to plan for future updates and improvements of the lighting systems in the area.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

    Study on trends in tools and methodologies for software development in Guayaquil

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    The general objective of this scientific article was to carry out a study of the methodological and practical tools used by software development companies in Guayaquil. The objective of this research is to use the data obtained from other published scientific articles and surveys carried out with different companies in the city of Guayaquil to understand the trends, frequency or preferences of development companies regarding software development tools or methods. Analysis of documents, such as books, scientific journals or articles. Among the main results, it was found that it is necessary to ensure customer satisfaction is another important factor, as this creates future possibilities of working with the same customer and / or recommendations with others. Similarly, understanding customer needs is critical. Before starting to work with the customer, it is important that the development team understand the requirements of the software product. Based on the analysis of primary studies, Agile and Lean Startup methodologies are revealed to be the popular software development methods used by new software companies. Finally, it is concluded that studies have shown that there is little information on software development practices. Engineering practices in startups are not fully explored.El presente artículo científico tuvo como objetivo general realizar un estudio de las herramientas metodológicas y prácticas que utilizan las empresas desarrolladoras de software en Guayaquil, para lograr el cumplimiento de estos, se utilizaron los datos obtenidos de otros artículos científicos publicados y encuestas realizadas a diferentes empresas en la ciudad de Guayaquil para comprender las tendencias, frecuencia o preferencias de las empresas desarrolladoras sobre herramientas o métodos de desarrollo de software. Análisis de documentos, como libros, revistas científicas o artículos. Es necesario asegurar la satisfacción del cliente es otro factor importante, ya que esto crea posibilidades futuras de trabajar con el mismo cliente y / o recomendaciones con otros. Del mismo modo, comprender las necesidades del cliente es fundamental. Antes de comenzar a trabajar con el cliente, es importante que el equipo de desarrollo comprenda los requisitos del producto de software. Basado en el análisis de estudios primarios, se revela que las metodologías ágiles y Lean Startup son los métodos populares de desarrollo de software utilizados por las nuevas empresas de software. Finalmente, se concluye que los estudios han demostrado que hay poca información sobre las prácticas de desarrollo de software. Las prácticas de ingeniería en las nuevas empresas no están completamente exploradas

    Formación y vocación universitarias

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    El planteamiento central es que la formación univer-sitaria en las ciencias instrumentales debe ser un espacio que posibilite la armonización del conocimiento instru-mental, socioambiental y humanístico; así se rompería con la predominancia del conocimiento hiperespecializado, ya sea abriéndose a la complejidad, la interdisciplina o la transdisciplina; a la vez que, en el centro, estaría lo humano como integrante con responsabilidad de lo social y ambiental. Para ello González considera importante que el universitario se reconozca en su condición social, personal y contextual como ciudadano no limitado a la profesión que se cultiva, en un horizonte de acción en el presente para el futuro y en un contexto incierto, ante lo cual debe asumir su responsabilidad.Secretaría de Educación Pública-Subsecretaría de Educación Superior-Dirección General de Educación Superior Universitaria. Número del convenio con la SEP: 2018-15-001-017

    Модифицирование силумина электровзрывным методом

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    Осуществлено модифицирование поверхности силумина марки АК12 плазмой,формирующейся при электрическом взрыве фольги алюминия с помещенной в область взрыва навеской порошка оксида иттрия (метод электровзрывного легирования). Выполнен термодинамический анализ системы Al-Si-Y-O, выявлены фазы, формирующиеся в данной системе в равновесных условиях. Осуществлены трибологические испытания модифицированного материала и выявленырежимы обработки, позволяющие многократно повысить износостойкость силумина. The modification of the surface of the silumin of the AK12 grade by the plasma formed during the electrical explosion of the aluminum foil with the yttrium oxide powder placed in the explosion region (the method of electric explosive doping) was carried out. The thermodynamic analysis of the Al-Si- Y-O system was carried out, the phases formed in this system under equilibrium conditions were revealed. Tribological tests of the modified material have been carried out and processing regimes have been identified, which allow many times to increase the wear resistance of silumin

    Linajes de Trypanosoma cruzi en pacientes con enfermedad de Chagas y coinfección por VIH

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    Introducción. Las poblaciones naturales de T. cruzi han sido clasificadas en seis linajes filogenéticos o unidades de tipificación discreta: T. cruzi I, IIa, IIb, IIc, IId y IIe, que pueden jugar un rol en el tropismo tisular y patogénesis de la enfermedad de Chagas. El impacto de la infección por VIH en la diversidad genética de T. cruzi en pacientes coinfectados es un campo poco explorado en parasitología. Objetivo. Caracterizar linajes de poblaciones parasitarias naturales en muestras clínicas de pacientes coinfectados por T. cruzi y VIH. Materiales y Métodos. Se analizaron muestras de sangre y/o lesiones de 25 pacientes residentes en Argentina: 8 pediátricos nacidos de 7 madres coinfectadas, 3 adultos con Chagas indeterminado y VIH y 7 con encefalitis chagásica por SIDA. El diagnóstico molecular y seguimiento de tratamiento etiológico se realizó por PCR hacia secuencias del minicírculo y/o satélite. Los linajes de T. cruzi fueron identificados por PCR para fragmentos de genes para miniexón y ARN ribosomal 24s. La diversidad infra-linaje fue caracterizada por polimorfismo de fragmentos de restricción de las regiones variables del minicírculo. Resultados. De las 7 madres coinfectadas, 2 transmitieron tanto VIH como T. cruzi a sus hijos y 4 sólo transmitieron T. cruzi. El otro caso fue una mujer embarazada que al entrar en coma por presentar un cuadro de Chagas cerebral fue tratada con Benznidazol y no transmitió ni Chagas ni VIH a su hija. En los casos tratados se observó la negativización de la PCR. La mayoría de las poblaciones parasitarias sanguíneas fueron T. cruzi IId, con perfiles de minicírculos particulares de cada paciente, excepto en pares madre-niño infectados, en que resultaron idénticas. Se hallaron poblaciones mixtas con T. cruzi I-IId. En pacientes con reactivación chagásica se encontró tropismo diferencial de T. cruzi IIb y T. cruzi I en lesiones. En estos pacientes los perfiles de minicírculos mostraron patrones complejos sugiriendo poblaciones policlonales. Conclusiones. La elevada proporción de muestras PCR positivas es indicativa de cargas parasitarias más elevadas que en población chagásica sin VIH. Esta exacerbación estaría también implicada en la alta tasa de transmisión vertical. La prevalencia de linaje IId en sangre periférica concuerda con lo hallado en población chagásica en la región. La asociación de linajes infrecuentes en lesiones asociadas a encefalitis chagásica sugiere tropismo diferencial. El análisis directo de linajes parasitarios en muestras clínicas permitió detectar una mayor prevalencia de infecciones mixtas que la detectada a partir de aislamientos en cultivo.Background. Natural populations of T. cruzi have been classified into six phylogenetic lineages or discrete typing units, T. cruzi I, IIa, IIb, IIc, IId, and IIe, believed to play a role in tissue tropism and disease pathogenesis. The impact of HIV infection in the T. cruzi genetic diversity in coinfected patients is a scarcely explored field of parasitology. Objective. To characterize parasitic lineages in clinical samples from patients co-infected with T. cruzi and HIV Materials and Methods. We analyzed blood and lesions samples from 25 patients residing in Argentina, namely 8 infants born to 7 HIV - T. cruzi co-infected mothers, 3 indeterminate adult chagasic patients with HIV co-infection and 7 presenting cerebral Chagas due to AIDS. Molecular diagnosis and monitoring of etiological treatment was carried out by PCR targeted to kinetoplastid (kDNA) and/or satellite sequences. T. cruzi lineages were identified by means of PCR targeted to the intergenic spacer of miniexon gene and 24s ribosomal ARN genes. To characterize the infra-lineage diversity, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of KDNA amplicons was carried out. Results. Out of the 7 co-infected mothers, two transmitted both HIV and T. cruzi to their siblings, four transmitted only T. cruzi. The remaining case was a pregnant woman with cerebral Chagas disease who entered into a coma being treated with benznidazole; she did not transmit congenital Chagas disease nor HIV to her newborn. Most bloodstream populations belonged to T. cruzi IId, with unique minicircle signatures for each patient´s strain, but identical signatures between strains from mothers and their congenitally infected infants. Mixtures of lineages T. cruzi I and T. cruzi IId were also detected. Differential tissue tropism of T. cruzi IIb and T. cruzi I was found in patients with cerebral chagas. Minicircle signatures showed complex patterns suggestive of polyclonal populations. Conclusions. The higher proportion of PCR positive samples suggests higher parasite loads that in chagasic population without HIV. The higher prevalence of T. cruzi IId in bloodstream is in agreement with previous findings in this region. The association of rare lineages at sites of encephalytis suggests differential tropism. The direct characterization of parasite lineages in clinical samples allowed identification of a higher prevalence of mixed infections, than previously assumed, from studies based on culture isolates.Fil: Bisio, Margarita María Catalina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres"; ArgentinaFil: Cura, Carolina Inés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres"; ArgentinaFil: Duffy, Tomás. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres"; ArgentinaFil: Altcheh, Jaime Marcelo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez"; ArgentinaFil: Giganti, Salvador Óscar. Servicios de Neurocirugía y Clínica Médica; ArgentinaFil: Begher, Sandra. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Agudos "Ignacio Pirovano"; ArgentinaFil: Scapellato, Pablo Gustavo. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Agudos "D. F. Santojanni"; ArgentinaFil: Burgos, Juan Miguel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres"; ArgentinaFil: Levin, Mariano Jorge. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres"; ArgentinaFil: Schreck, Ricardo. Servicios de Neurocirugía y Clínica Médica; ArgentinaFil: Freilij, Hector León. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez"; ArgentinaFil: Schijman, Alejandro Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres"; Argentin

    Proposal Of A Remote Monitoring System Of Vital Signs For Heart Failure Patients

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    The heart failure patients care is increasing, in order to provide the specialized assistance at the right time. Therefore, some researchers have been developed some systems regarding the remote monitoring of the signals of these patients. In this work, it is described a proposal of a remote monitoring system of vital signs, acquired by means of non-invasive biosensors, for heart failure patients. The objective is for monitoring in real-time the vital signs of these patients in order to the specialist doctor to receive the processed data with other added signals and alarms for facilitating his/her diagnosis. This proposal will be developed in Panama, since there is not this kind of system in this country. It will be considered the intrinsic characteristics of the region for this development and also it will be considered the implementation of robotics unit in order to carry out some tasks as patient surveillance, mobile healthcare assistant in rural/remote areas, interface unit between communication systems, etc. However, after to develop this project, it would be extended to other regions of Latin America, since it is very necessary according to statistical data provided by the WHO
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