Pengaruh Perbedaan Komposisi Substrat terhadap Kandungan Nutrisi dan Kualitas Fisik Limbah Nanas Hasil Fermentasi

Limbah pertanian (kulit dan mahkota nanas) berpotensi sebagai pakan, tetapi terhambat dengan kandungan fraksi serat yang tinggi. Penurunan fraksi serat dilakukan melalui proses fermentasi. Perbedaan komposisi substrat akan memengaruhi kualitas fisik dan kandungan nutrisi produk fermentasi. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan komposisi substrat terhadap kandungan nutrisi dan kualitas fisik limbah nanas hasil permentasi merupakan bertujuan penelitian. Rancangan Acak Lengkap 5 perlakuan dengan 4 ulangan digunakan dalam penelitian, yaitu HR 0 (0% Mahkota Nanas + 100%  Kulit Nanas); HR1 (25% Mahkota Nanas + 75% Kulit Nanas);  HR 2 (50% Mahkota Nanas + 50% Kulit Nanas);  HR 3 (75% Mahkota Nanas + 25% Kulit Nanas) dan HR 4 (100% Mahkota Nanas + 0% Kulit Nanas). Fermentasi dilakukan secara anaerob selama 21 hari dengan penambahan 0,20 b/v Filtrat Abu Sekam Padi (FASP). Peubah yang diukur adalah kualitas fisik (jamur, aroma, tekstur dan warna)  serta kandungan nutrisi (abu, protein kasar, bahan kering, lemak kasar, BETN dan serat kasar. Hasil penelitian menunjukan perbedaan komposisi kulit dan mahkota nanas tidak memengaruhi (P˃0,05) aroma dan memengaruhi (P˂0,05) jamur, tekstur dan warna, serta kandungan LK,  BK, SK, PK, abu dan BETN. Penggunaan 100% mahkota nanas merupakan hasil terbaik karena menghasilkan kandungan BETN tertinggi 71,7%; protein kasar 8,32% dan serat kasar 14,3%.Kata kunci: filtrat abu sekam padi (FASP), kandungan nutrisi, kualitas fisik, limbah nanasThe Effect of Differences in Substrate Composition on Nutritional Content and Physical Quality of Fermented Pineapple WasteABSTRACT Agricultural waste (pineapple peel and crown) has the potential to be used as feed but is inhibited by its high fiber fraction content.  The reduction of the fiber fraction is carried out through the fermentation process. The difference in substrate composition will affect the physical quality and nutritional content of the fermentation product.  To determine the effect of differences in substrate composition on nutritional content and physical quality of fermented pineapple waste is the aim of the research. Completely randomized design of 5 treatments with 4 replications was used in the study, namely HR 0 (0% Pineapple Crown + 100% Pineapple Peel); HR1 (25% Pineapple Crown + 75% Pineapple Peel); HR 2 (50% Pineapple Crown + 50% Pineapple Peel); HR 3 (75% Pineapple Crown + 25% Pineapple Peel) and HR 4 (100% Pineapple Crown + 0% Pineapple Peel).  Fermentation was carried out anaerobically for 21 days by adding 0.20 w/v of rice husk ash filtrate. The variables measured were physical quality (fungi, aroma, texture, and color) and nutritional content (ash, crude protein, dry matter, extract ether, nitrogen-free extract (BETN), and crude fiber. The results showed that differences in the composition of pineapple peel and crown did not affect (P˃0.05) aroma and affect (P˂0.05) fungi, texture, and color, as well as the content of extract ether, dry matter, crude fiber, crude protein, ash, and BETN. The use of 100% pineapple crown is the best result because it produces the highest BETN content of 71.7%; crude protein 8.32% and crude fiber 14.3%.Keywords: nutritional content, pineapple waste, physical quality, rice husk ash filtrat

Infestasi Fasciola SP Pada Sapi Bali Dengan Sistem Pemeliharaan Yang Berbeda Di Desa Tanjung Rambutan Kecamatan Kampar

The purpose of the research was to identify the infestation of Fasciola sp on Bali cows in the different management systems. The research was done on June up to July 2007 at Tanjung Rambutan village, Kampar and BPPV Regional 0, Buldt Tinggi.Feces of 60 Bali cows from Tanjung Rambutan village were collected. The qualification of the cows are(1) the age should be more than 1.5 years old, (2) female and (3) free from wonn drugs. The 60 cows used in the research consist of 50 cows which were cared extensively and 10 cows intensively. The samples of feces were collected from the rectum, and examined for Fasciola sp eggs using the sedimentation test (Uji End4p). The data was analyzed using Chi Square method.The results of the research indicated that infestation of Fasciola sp on Bali cows were lower in the intensively farming than extensively. The laboratory test showed that 92% (46 samples) of Ball Cows which were cared extensively, infested by Fasciola sp eggs and 8% (4 samples) of them were negative. From 10 samples of Bali cows which were, 1 sample (10%) positively infected by theJasciola sp and 9 samples (90%) were negative

Komposisi Botanis dan Produksi Biomasa Hijauan di Kecamatan Kuantan Mudik Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi Riau

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis hijauan yang tumbuh di Kecamatan Kuantan Mudik, Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi. Penelitian diawali dengan survey (observasi lapang dan penentuan lokasi) kemudian pengambilan sampel hijauan pada 5 Desa yaitu desa Koto Lubuk Jambi, Kasang, Air Buluh, Lubuk Ramo, Koto Cengar. Masing-masing Desa diambil 5 lokasi, setiap lokasi diambil 5 titik. Kemudian dilanjutkan dengan identifikasi jenis hijauan dan perhitungan produksi hijauan. Alat yang digunakan untuk pengambilan sampel hijauan terdiri dari kuadran 0.5 x 0.5 m2, gunting rumput, sabit, kantong plastik ukuran 10 dan ukuran 2 kg, karung, tali plastik, dan alat tulis. Perhitungan hijauan dengan persentase hijauan. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa terdapat 10 jenis hijauan, yang terdiri atas rumput, legum dan gulma. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah hijauan yang paling dominan tumbuh di Kecamatan Kuantan Mudik adalah dari jenis rumput/gramineae 42.53% yaitu, Rumput Bede (Brachiaria decumbens) 13.94%, leguminosae 21.45% dan 36.03% gulma

Pengaruh Perbedaan Bahan Perekat dan Sumber Filtrat terhadap Fraksi Serat dan Kualitas Fisik Wafer Ransum Komplit

ABSTRACT. Pelepah sawit dapat diolah dengan penambahan filtrat abu sekam padi (FASP) dan filtrat abu tandan kosong (FATK) selanjutnya digunakan sebagai bahan pembuatan wafer. Perbedaan sumber filtrat dan bahan perekat dalam pembuatan wafer memengaruhi fraksi serat dan kualitas fisik. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh sumber filtrat dalam pengolahan pelepah sawit dan bahan perekat berbeda dalam pembuatan wafer terhadap fraksi serat dan kualitas fisik. Rancangan acak lengkap berfaktor 2 x 3 dengan 3 ulangan digunakan dalam penelitian. Faktor F : sumber filtrat : F1= FATK dan F2 = FASP. Faktor L: bahan perekat, L1 = molases; L2. onggok; L3. tepung tapioka. Parameter yang diukur adalah kualitas fisik (kerapatan partikel dan daya serap air) serta fraksi serat (serat detergen asam/acid detergent fiber (ADF), hemiselulosa, selulosa, lignin dan serat detergen netral/neutral detergent fiber (NDF). Data dianalisis dengan analisis variansi selanjutnya analisis ragam dengan uji jarak berganda Duncan/Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Pelepah sawit yang diolah dengan sumber filtrat berbeda tidak memengaruhi kualitas fisik (daya serap air dan kerapatan partikel) serta kandungan selulosa dan hemiselulosa, tapi memengaruhi (P0,05) kandungan ADF, lignin dan NDF. Penggunaan bahan perekat berbeda dalam pembuatan wafer tidak memengaruhi kerapatan partikel tapi memengaruhi (P0,05) daya serap air dan fraksi serat (ADF, lignin, hemiselulosa, NDF, dan selulosa). Interaksi sumber filtrat dalam pengolahan pelepah sawit dengan bahan perekat dalam pembuatan wafer memengaruhi (P0,05) fraksi serat dan kualitas fisik. Pelepah sawit yang diolah dengan FASP selanjutnya dibuat wafer berbahan perekat molases menghasilkan fraksi serat terbaik (NDF 43,03%; ADF 40,29%; lignin 12,62%; selulosa 24,63%; hemiselulosa 2,74%) dan pelepah sawit yang diolah dengan FATK selanjutnya dibuat wafer berbahan perekat tepung tapioka menghasilkan kualitas fisik terbaik.  (The effect of differences of adhesive and filtrates sources on fiber fraction and physical quality of complete ration wafer) ABSTRAK. Palm fronds can be processed with the addition of rice husk ash filtrate (RHAF) and empty bunches ash filtrate (EBHF) and then used as an ingredient in making wafers. Difference source of the filtrate and adhesive material in wafer making affect the fiber fraction and physical quality. The study aimed to determine the effect of the filtrate source in the processing of palm fronds and different adhesives in wafer making on the fiber fraction and physical quality. A completely randomized design with a factorial pattern, 2 x 3 with 3 replications was used in the study. Factor F : filtrate source : F1 = RHAF and F2 = EBHF. Factor L : adhesive material, L1 = molasses; L2 = tapioca by product ; L3 = tapioca flour. The measured parameters are physical quality (particle density and water absorption) and fiber fraction (ADF, hemicellulose, lignin, cellulose, and NDF). Data were analyzed by analysis of variance and the differences were analyzed by DMRT test. Palm fronds treated with different filtrate sources did not affect the physical quality (water absorption and particle density) and cellulose and hemicellulose content, but affected (P0.05) the content of ADF, lignin and NDF. The use of different adhesives in wafer making did not affect particle density but affected (P0.05) water absorption and fiber fraction (ADF, lignin, hemicellulose, NDF, and cellulose). The interaction of the filtrate source in the processing of palm fronds with the adhesive in wafer making affected (P0.05) the fiber fraction and physical quality. Palm fronds which were processed with RHAF then formed wafers with molasses as an adhesive, producing the best fiber fraction (NDF 43.03%; ADF 40.29%; lignin 12.62%; cellulose 24.63%; hemicellulose 2.74%) and palm fronds which were processed with EBAF then formed wafers with tapioca flour adhesive, resulting in the best physical quality