Implementation of Rucah Fish Meal as a Substitute for Fish Meal in the Native Chicken Ration

This research aims to assess the performance of native chickens fed with rucah fish meal (RFM) as a substitute for fish meal (FM). A total of 200 native chickens, aged 1 day, were maintained for 8 weeks and divided into 20 experimental units with five treatments and four replications. The treatments included substituting fish meal in the ration with rucah fish meal at various levels: P0= 12% FM and 0% RFM, P1= 9% FM and 3% RFM, P2= 6% FM and 6% RFM, P3= 3% FM and 9% RFM, and P4= 0% FM and 12% RFM. A completely randomized design was used with a coefficient of variation for initial body weight of 2.37%. Parameters measured included feed consumption, body weight, carcass percentage, and feed conversion ratio. The results showed that replacing fish meal with rucah fish meal did not significantly affect (P0.05) feed consumption but significantly increased (P0.05) chicken body weight and improved feed conversion ratio. It was concluded that fish meal can be replaced up to 100% with rucah fish meal (12% in the ration) to improve native chicken performance

Effect of Raising Laying Hens in Intensive, Continuous and Rotational Free-Range Systems on Egg Production and Yolk Cholesterol Content

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of raising laying hens in intensive cage and various free-range systems on hen-day production (HDP), egg weight, egg mass, yolk cholesterol, and yolk protein content. A total of 80 Isa Brown laying hens, aged 15 weeks and with an average starting weight of 1.20 kg, were assigned to four different rearing treatments: P1 (intensive cage system), P2 (continuous free-range system), P3 (rotational free-range system with two relocations), and P4 (rotational free-range system with four relocations), each with four replicates. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and significant differences (P0.05) among treatments were further evaluated using Duncan's multiple range test. The results showed that the rearing system significantly influenced daily body weight gain (DBWG), daily feed intake (DFI), HDP, egg weight, egg mass, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and yolk cholesterol content (P0.05), but had no significant effect on yolk protein content (P0.05). In conclusion, continuous free-range systems led to higher HDP and egg mass, while the intensive cage system resulted in greater egg and body weight, along with higher feed intake. The continuous free-range system was associated with a lower FCR, and the rotational free-range system with four relocations yielded the lowest yolk cholesterol levels

Increased Protein Consumption and Nitrogen Retention of Sheep Fed Sodium Bicarbonate and Fermented Concentrate

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of sodium bicarbonate and fermented concentrate feed on protein consumption and nitrogen retention in sheep. The experiment utilized 18 male local sheep, aged 78 months, with an average body weight of 19.442.37 kg. The animals were fed a diet consisting of ammoniated rice straw (25%) and concentrate (75%). The study employed an in vivo experimental approach using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), with initial body weight as the blocking factor and six replicates per treatment group. The treatments were as follows: P1= ammoniated rice straw (25%) + concentrate (75%); P2= ammoniated rice straw (25%) + concentrate (75%) + sodium bicarbonate; and P3= ammoniated rice straw (25%) + concentrate (75%) fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae (3%) + sodium bicarbonate. The measured variables were protein consumption and nitrogen retention. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by the Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test. The mean protein consumption was 129.5810.84 g/head/day (P1), 127.3815.46 g/head/day (P2), and 161.115.32 g/head/day (P3). The mean nitrogen retention was 84.515.50 g/head/day (P1), 83.657.59 g/head/day (P2), and 117.1612.46 g/head/day (P3). HSD analysis revealed that the combination of sodium bicarbonate and fermented concentrate feed (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) resulted in the highest protein consumption and nitrogen retention, with increases of 24.33% and 38.64%, respectively, compared to other treatments

Physiological Response and Endurance of Madurese Cattle and Their Crosses at The Tropical Environment in Pamekasan Regency

This study aimed to determine the physiological response of Madura cattle and Limura cattle (Limousin x Madura) to the tropical environment. The research was conducted in Galis District, Pamekasan Regency from July to August 2024. The sample consisted of 50 Madura and Limura cattle, selected by purposive sampling. The parameters observed included rectal temperature, respiratory frequency, heart rate frequency, Heat Tolerance Coefficient (HTC), as well as the microclimate of the pen, which included air temperature, relative humidity (RH), and Temperature Humidity Index (THI). The results showed that the average THI at the research site was 83.24. The average rectal temperature (C) in the morning, afternoon, and evening for Madura and Limura cattle were as follows: 37.71.5, 38.70.4, 37.20.7 for Madura cattle, and 38.60.5, 38.90.3, 38.50.3 for Limura cattle, respectively. The mean respiratory frequency (times/minute) in the morning, afternoon, and evening for Madura and Limura cattle were: 23.53.4, 28.66.8, 23.35.2 for Madura cattle, and 25.62.0, 30.32.0, 26.73.1 for Limura cattle, respectively. The mean heart rate (times/minute) in the morning, afternoon, and evening for both groups were similar: 65.34.2, 69.59.8, 65.16.7 for Madura cattle, and 65.43.8, 69.811.8, 66.54.2 for Limura cattle, respectively. The mean Heat Tolerance Coefficient (HTC) for Madura and Limura cattle were 2.10.23 and 2.20.1, respectively. It was concluded that both Madura and Limura cattle exhibit similar responses in terms of heart rate and respiration rate. However, Madura cattle have lower rectal temperatures than Limura cattle. The Heat Tolerance Coefficient (HTC) was found to be higher in Limura cattle compared to Madura cattle

Potential of Jatropha Curcas Seed Extract Linimentum as A Therapeutic for Scabies in Goats

This study aimed to evaluate the potential of Jatropha curcas seed extract liniment (JSE) as a therapeutic agent for scabies in goats. The experiment involved 20 adult goats (1215 months old) divided into five treatment groups: P0 (negative control), P1 (positive control), P2 (10% JSE), P3 (20% JSE), and P4 (40% JSE). Each treatment group consisted of four replicates, with one goat per replicate. The JSE preparation was applied topically to the affected skin twice daily (morning and evening) for 14 days. Data were collected on days 0, 3, 7, 10, and 14, assessing clinical parameters such as alopecia, skin thickening, scab formation, and scabies recovery time. The results indicated that the 40% JSE treatment (P4) exhibited superior efficacy compared to lower concentrations, yielding outcomes comparable to the positive control (ppt sulfur liniment), a widely used scabies treatment

Effect the Use of Coconut Water Kefir Supplementation on Performance, Carcass, and Gastrointestinal Tract of Broiler Chicken

This study aimed to assess the effects of coconut water kefir (CWK) supplementation on the production performance, carcass characteristics, and gastrointestinal tract morphology of broiler chickens. A total of 400 broiler chickens were used and divided into four treatment groups with five replicates, each containing 20 chickens. The study followed a completely randomized design (CRD). The treatment groups were as follows: T0 (control, no CWK supplementation), T1 (5% CWK), T2 (10% CWK), and T3 (15% CWK). The results indicated that CWK supplementation significantly influenced production performance, including feed intake, final body weight, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and feed efficiency ratio. Furthermore, CWK supplementation also had a significant effect on carcass traits, such as carcass weight, breast percentage, thigh percentage, and abdominal fat, as well as on gastrointestinal tract parameters, including jejunum percentage, jejunum length, and ileum length. The optimal results were obtained from the 10% CWK supplementation (T2). In conclusion, CWK supplementation effectively improved the production performance, carcass yield, and gastrointestinal tract development in broiler chickens

Efficiency of Protein Use and Performance of Broiler Chickens Fed Corncob Fermented with EM4 (Effective Microorganisms 4)

This study aimed to evaluate the use of fermented corncob flour as a substitute for rice bran in broiler chicken rations and its effects on protein efficiency ratio and broiler performance. Conducted at the Farm and Laboratory of the Faculty of Animal Science, University of Jambi, the study tested four treatments on 200 broiler chicks using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five replications. The treatments included 0%, 4%, 8%, and 12% fermented corncob flour as a substitute for rice bran. Key variables observed were feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and protein efficiency ratio. Results indicated that the inclusion of fermented corncob flour significantly (P0.05) improved feed intake, protein intake, protein efficiency ratio, and feed conversion ratio, with no significant impact (P0.05) on body weight gain up to a 12% inclusion level. The optimal feed conversion was observed at the 8% substitution level. In conclusion, corncob flour fermented with EM4 can replace up to 12% of rice bran in broiler rations without negatively affecting performance, providing a viable alternative for poultry feed formulation

The Effectiveness of Kombucha as a Starter in the Production of Fermented Milk Beverages

A symbiotic culture of kombucha (SCOBY) has the potential to act as a probiotic source of lactic acid bacteria, which can be combined with fermented beverage starters using fresh or reconstituted milk as a medium. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of kombucha in producing fermented milk products with microbiological characteristics. The experimental design used was a completely randomized factorial design with two treatment levels: skim milk concentration and kombucha concentration. The parameters observed included total lactic acid bacteria, pH, and total lactic acid. Data were analyzed by ANOVA using IBM SPSS Statistics program 29, and if significant effects were found, Duncan's post-hoc test was conducted. The results showed that using kombucha as a starter had a very significant effect (P0.01) on all three variables observed. The amount of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in the fermented milk met the SNI standard, with a concentration of 7 log CFU/ml. It can be concluded that kombucha can be used as a starter in fermented milk production. Although the percentage of lactic acid levels and pH values are not yet listed in the Indonesian National Standard, both pH value and lactic acid levels showed a very significant effect. A higher percentage of kombucha starter led to higher lactic acid content, which is a result of bacterial metabolism. Additionally, a higher percentage of kombucha starter resulted in a lower pH value in the kombucha-fermented milk

Addition of Fermented Biomass Combination of Pineapple Waste and Indigofera Leaves in Broiler Rations on Nutrient Digestibility in Vitro and In Vivo

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of adding fermented biomass from a combination of pineapple waste and Indigofera leaves on nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens, both in vitro and in vivo. The materials used included 21-day-old broiler chickens, finisher-phase broiler rations, pineapple waste, and Indigofera leaves. A completely randomized design (CRD) was applied, consisting of five treatments with three replications each. The treatments included different levels of fermented biomass addition to the broiler rations: P1= 100% pineapple waste, P2= 98% pineapple waste + 2% Indigofera, P3= 96% pineapple waste + 4% Indigofera, P4= 94% pineapple waste + 6% Indigofera, and P5= 92% pineapple waste + 8% Indigofera. The results showed that the addition of fermented biomass from pineapple waste and Indigofera leaves had a significant effect (P0.05) on increasing crude protein digestibility and crude fiber digestibility. In conclusion, incorporating fermented biomass of pineapple waste and Indigofera into broiler rations improves protein and fiber digestibility, with the optimal combination being 92% pineapple waste + 8% Indigofera

The Effectivity of Giving Citronella Ark Blok to Improve the Quality of Etawah Crossbreed Goat Milk

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of citronella ark blocks on the fat, lactose, and protein content of Etawah crossbreed goat milk. The study used five female Etawah crossbreed goats, each in their first and fifth lactation periods. A Latin Square Design (LSD) was employed, with five treatments and five replications, as follows: P0: 0% citronella block, P1: 2% of total ration, P2: 4% of total ration, P3: 6% of total ration, and P4: 8% of total ration. The parameters measured included milk fat, lactose, and protein content. The results indicated that the administration of citronella ark blocks had no significant effect (P0.05) on the milk quality of Etawah crossbreed goats. Before treatment, the milk had an average fat content of 4.16%, lactose content of 3.91%, and protein content of 4.11%. After treatment, the milk quality improved, with fat content reaching 4.9%, lactose content 4%, and protein content 4.16%. Therefore, the use of citronella ark blocks may enhance milk quality, offering significant benefits for the dairy goat farming industry