Пріоритетні напрями розвитку потенціалу аграрного сектора в системі забезпечення економічної безпеки України

The article examines the importance of the existing potential of the agrarian sector of the Ukrainian economy, the use of which is insufficient, given the results of its functioning in the system of economic relations. The basic preconditions, which complicate the processes of effective realization of the potential of the domestic agrarian sector in the system of providing economic security, are determined. Particular attention is paid to the problematic issues that form the destabilizing impacts on the development of the potential of the agrarian sector. It is noted that the incompleteness of agrarian reform and long-term transformation processes in the agrarian sector of the economy, the absence of a rationally organized market of agricultural land in Ukraine, the lack of development of vertically-integrated structures of the formation of value added connecting chains, complicate the processes of effective realization of the potential of the domestic agrarian sector. It is argued that in order to increase the economic, social and environmental efficiency of the functioning of the agrarian sector and the realization of its potential, it is expedient to adhere to certain strategic priorities that will ensure the strengthening of economic security. The article proposes a comprehensive implementation of the measures and the expected effect of the implementation of priority directions of development of the potential of the agrarian sector in the system of ensuring economic security of Ukraine.У статті висвітлено важливість наявного потенціалу аграрного сектора економіки України, використання якого є недостатнім, з огляду на результати його функціонування у системі економічних відносин. Визначено основні передумови, які ускладнюють процеси ефективної реалізації потенціалу вітчизняного аграрного сектора в системі забезпечення економічної безпеки. Особливу увагу приділено проблемним питанням, які формують дестабілізуючі впливи на розвиток потенціалу аграрного сектора. Зазначено, що незавершеність аграрної реформи та затяжні трансформаційні процеси в аграрному секторі економіки, відсутність в Україні раціонально організованого ринку земель сільськогосподарського призначення, нерозвиненість вертикально-інтегрованих структур формування сполучних ланцюгів створення доданої вартості ускладнюють процеси ефективної реалізації потенціалу вітчизняного аграрного сектора. Аргументовано, що з метою підвищення економічної, соціальної та екологічної ефективності функціонування аграрного сектора та реалізації його потенціалу доцільним є дотримання визначених стратегічних пріоритетів, які гарантуватимуть зміцнення економічної безпеки. У статті запропоновано комплексне впровадження заходів та очікуваний ефект імплементації пріоритетних напрямів розвитку потенціалу аграрного сектора в системі забезпечення економічної безпеки України

29 th Annual meeting of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC)

The 29 th annual meeting of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) was held November 7-9, 2014 in National Harbor, MD and was organized by Dr. Arthur A. Hurwitz (National Cancer Institute), Dr. Kim A. Margolin (Stanford University), Dr. Daniel E. Speiser (Ludwig Center for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne) and Dr. Walter J. Urba (Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Center). This meeting included over 1,600 registered participants from 28 separate countries, making it the largest SITC meeting held to date. It highlighted significant worldwide progress in the development and application of cancer immunology to the practice of clinical oncology, including advances in diagnosis, prognosis and therapy, utilizing several immunological pathways and mechanisms for a variety of oncologic conditions. Presentations and posters demonstrated that many concepts that had been pursued preclinically in the past are now being translated into clinical practice, with clear benefits for patients

Level Statistics of XXZ Spin Chains with Discrete Symmetries: Analysis through Finite-size Effects

Level statistics is discussed for XXZ spin chains with discrete symmetries for some values of the next-nearest-neighbor (NNN) coupling parameter. We show how the level statistics of the finite-size systems depends on the NNN coupling and the XXZ anisotropy, which should reflect competition among quantum chaos, integrability and finite-size effects. Here discrete symmetries play a central role in our analysis. Evaluating the level-spacing distribution, the spectral rigidity and the number variance, we confirm the correspondence between non-integrability and Wigner behavior in the spectrum. We also show that non-Wigner behavior appears due to mixed symmetries and finite-size effects in some nonintegrable cases.Comment: 19 pages, 6 figure

Collapse and recovery of forage fish populations prior to commercial exploitation

We use a new, well‐calibrated 500 year paleorecord off southern California to determine collapse frequency, cross correlation, persistence, and return times of exploited forage fish populations. The paleorecord shows that “collapse” (defined as <10% of the mean peak biomass) is a normal state repeatedly experienced by northern anchovy, Pacific hake, and Pacific sardine which were collapsed 29–40% of the time, prior to commercial fishing exploitation. Mean (± SD) persistence of “fishable biomass” (defined as one third mean peak biomass from the paleorecord) was 19 ± 18, 15 ± 17, and 12 ± 7 years for anchovy, hake, and sardine. Mean return times to the same biomass was 8 years for anchovy but 22 years for sardine and hake. Further, we find that sardine and anchovy are positively correlated over 400 years, consistent with coherent declines of both species off California. Persistence and return times combined with positive sardine‐anchovy correlation indicate that on average 1–2 decades of fishable biomass will be followed by 1–2 decades of low forage. Forage populations are resilient on the 500 year time scale, but their collapse and recovery cycle (based on the paleorecord) are suited to alternating periods of high fishing mortality and periods of little or no fishing.Key PointsThe paleorecord shows that “collapse” is a normal state repeatedly experienced by northern anchovy, Pacific hake, and Pacific sardineMean return times to “fishable” biomass was 8 years for anchovy, but 22 years for sardine and hake, and persistence was of the same orderSardine and anchovy are positively correlated over 400 years, consistent with coherent declines of both species off CaliforniaPeer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136405/1/grl55551.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136405/2/grl55551_am.pd

The Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer perspective on regulation of interleukin-6 signaling in COVID-19-related systemic inflammatory response

The pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has placed an unprecedented burden on healthcare systems around the world. In patients who experience severe disease, acute respiratory distress is often accompanied by a pathological immune reaction, sometimes referred to as ‘cytokine storm’. One hallmark feature of the profound inflammatory state seen in patients with COVID-19 who succumb to pneumonia and hypoxia is marked elevation of serum cytokines, especially interferon gamma, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 17 (IL-17), interleukin 8 (IL-8) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). Initial experience from the outbreaks in Italy, China and the USA has anecdotally demonstrated improved outcomes for critically ill patients with COVID-19 with the administration of cytokine-modulatory therapies, especially anti-IL-6 agents. Although ongoing trials are investigating anti-IL-6 therapies, access to these therapies is a concern, especially as the numbers of cases worldwide continue to climb. An immunology-informed approach may help identify alternative agents to modulate the pathological inflammation seen in patients with COVID-19. Drawing on extensive experience administering these and other immune-modulating therapies, the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer offers this perspective on potential alternatives to anti-IL-6 that may also warrant consideration for management of the systemic inflammatory response and pulmonary compromise that can be seen in patients with severe COVID-19

Chemotherapy alone for organ preservation in advanced laryngeal cancer

Background. For patients with advanced laryngeal cancer, a trial was designed to determine if chemotherapy alone, in patients achieving a complete histologic complete response after a single neoadjuvant cycle, was an effective treatment with less morbidity than concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Methods. Thirty-two patients with advanced laryngeal or hypopharyngeal cancer received 1 cycle of induction chemotherapy, and subsequent treatment was decided based on response. Results. A histologic complete response was achieved in 4 patients and were treated with chemotherapy alone. All 4 patients' cancer relapsed in the neck and required surgery and postoperative radiotherapy (RT). Twenty-five patients were treated with concomitant chemoradiation. Three patients were treated with surgery. Overall survival and disease-specific survival at 3 years were 68% and 78%, respectively. Conclusion. Chemotherapy alone is not feasible for long-term control of regional disease in patients with advanced laryngeal cancer even when they achieve a histologic complete response at the primary site. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2010Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/77508/1/21285_ftp.pd

Urelumab alone or in combination with rituximab in patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell lymphoma

Altres ajuts: This study was supported by Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.Urelumab, a fully human, non-ligand binding, CD137 agonist IgG4 monoclonal antibody, enhances T-cell and natural killer-cell antitumor activity in preclinical models, and may enhance cytotoxic activity of rituximab. Here we report results in patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma (FL), and other B-cell lymphomas, in phase 1 studies evaluating urelumab alone (NCT01471210) or combined with rituximab (NCT01775631). Sixty patients received urelumab (0.3 mg/kg IV Q3W, 8 mg IV Q3W, or 8 mg IV Q6W); 46 received urelumab (0.1 mg/kg, 0.3 mg/kg, or 8 mg IV Q3W) plus rituximab 375 mg/m 2 IV QW. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of urelumab was determined to be 0.1 mg/kg or 8 mg Q3W after a single event of potential drug-induced liver injury occurred with urelumab 0.3 mg/kg. Treatment-related AEs were reported in 52% (urelumab: grade 3/4, 15%) and 72% (urelumab + rituximab: grade 3/4, 28%); three led to discontinuation (grade 3 increased AST, grade 4 acute hepatitis [urelumab]; one death from sepsis syndrome [urelumab plus rituximab]). Objective response rates/disease control rates were 6%/19% (DLBCL, n = 31), 12%/35% (FL, n = 17), and 17%/42% (other B-cell lymphomas, n = 12) with urelumab and 10%/24% (DLBCL, n = 29) and 35%/71% (FL, n = 17) with urelumab plus rituximab. Durable remissions in heavily pretreated patients were achieved; however, many were observed at doses exceeding the MTD. These data show that urelumab alone or in combination with rituximab demonstrated manageable safety in B-cell lymphoma, but the combination did not enhance clinical activity relative to rituximab alone or other current standard of care

Esophageal cancer in a young woman with bulimia nervosa: a case report

Adenocarcinoma of the esophagus has increased dramatically within the United States and continues to have a poor prognosis despite aggressive treatment. Identifying potential risk factors is critical for the early detection and treatment of this disease. The present case report describes a very young woman who developed adenocarcinoma of the esophagus after only a brief history of bulimia. These findings suggest that even in very young patients, bulimia may represent a risk factor for adenocarcinoma of the esophagus

Biomarkers in advanced larynx cancer

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/102058/1/lary24245.pd