Photonuclear reactions with Zinc: A case for clinical linacs

The use of bremsstrahlung photons produced by a linac to induce photonuclear reactions is wide spread. However, using a clinical linac to produce the photons is a new concept. We aimed to induce photonuclear reactions on zinc isotopes and measure the subsequent transition energies and half-lives. For this purpose, a bremsstrahlung photon beam of 18 MeV endpoint energy produced by the Philips SLI-25 linac has been used. The subsequent decay has been measured with a well-shielded single HPGe detector. The results obtained for transition energies are in good agreement with the literature data and in many cases surpass these in accuracy. For the half-lives, we are in agreement with the literature data, but do not achieve their precision. The obtained accuracy for the transition energies show what is achievable in an experiment such as ours. We demonstrate the usefulness and benefits of employing clinical linacs for nuclear physics experiments

The Analysis of Collective Efficacy Perceptions of Athletes Playing in Table Tennis Leagues In Turkey in Terms of Some Variables,

In team sports, trust and the belief in being successful (collective efficacy) among the athletes of team sports can be effective on performance. In the meantime, analyses of the factors that can be an effective factor on perceptions of collective efficacy become more of an issue in terms of bringing a different perspective to the subject. Therefore, the purpose here is to research the level of collective efficacy of athletes playing in table tennis leagues in Turkey and the reasons affecting it. Target population of the study is composed of 597 players playing in table tennis leagues of Turkey; its sample constitutes randomly selected 224 table tennis players. A two-part questionnaire containing questions related to the demographic features and collective conscious levels was applied to the participants. The questionnaire used in the study was previously used in another study and its reliability was provided. Data of the questionnaire obtained from the participants were analyzed with PASW Statistic 18 package program. Following the reliability analysis, Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient was found as 0.90. As directed to the purpose of the study, Pearson correlation coefficient was used in analysis of data and Kruskal Wallis test was applied in comparisons with three or more groups. Moreover, Chi-Square test was used for independence research. Regression analyses were carried out with the purpose of determining to what extent the variables affect each other. In line with the researches conducted and data obtained, significant relations (<0.05) were found between the participants’ age, period of being registered athletics, duration of playing in the same team and their collective efficacy perceptions. The more these variables increase, the more the belief in the team and skills of team players increase in a positive way. In summary, it was concluded that the variables of age,sex, period of being registered athletics, duration of playing in the same team and total number of athletes are the factors that are effective on collective efficacy perception and it was found that 82% of the participants are of the opinion that their teams have the capacity to show good performance

Vİews Of The Teachers And Administrators Of The High School Of Fine Arts And Sports On Diversity Management,

This study was conducted for the purpose of determining the views on management of diversity of the administrators and the teachers who work in Fine Arts and Sports High Schools. The sample group of the study consisted of 12 administrators and 70 teachers working in the fine Arts and Sports High Schools in province of Elazig, Usak, Trabzon, Corum and Eskisehir. In order to determine the views of the sample group, a scale developed by Balay and Saglam (2004) was used and the data obtained was analyzed in the SPSS package program. In this study it was determined that managers didn’t discriminate according to sexes, that there was a decrease in views of the managers and teachers that personal attitudes and behaviors and the administrative practices and principles were managed positively with their growing ages and that there was no difference in views of the study group regarding the diversity management in their schools according to their education status, vocational superiority, total service periods in management, service status and vocational field variants. In conclusion, it can be concluded that the differences between the administrators and the teachers in these educational institutions have a positive impact on the direction of improving the quality of education and that the employees’ beliefs, origins, cultural, etc. differences provide an advantage for these institutions and finally there were no discrimination in their administrative concepts

Yükseköğretimde Spor Eğitimi Veren Kurumlarda Görev Yapan Akademik Personelin Elektronik Ticaret Hakkındaki Görüşleri,

In this study the views of the academic personnel working in institutions giving sports training at higher education level in Turkey about electronic trade has been researched. Sample of the study is constituted by 214 academic personnel working in institutions giving sports training at higher education level in Turkey. Validity and reliability study improved by Sevindik (16) was made to determine the views of the participants and “e-Trade User View Form” was used. SPSS 11.5 package program was used in assessment of the questionnaires and t-test, Variance Analysis (ANOVA), Kruskal Wallis Test and LSD test analyses were made. As a result it was observed that, 86% of the academic personnel working in institutions giving sports training at higher education level in Turkey expressed the importance of electronic trade, 81,3% of them expressed that they used electronic banking system and 59,9% of them emphasized that electronic trade eliminates the traditional trade. Furthermore it was determined that there was a significant difference between the views of the participants towards electronic trade according to the variants of sex and education

The Protection of Animals through Human Rights. The Case-Law of the European Court of Human Rights

The chapter discusses the potential of a human rights framework to contribute to the growth and development of global animal law. It takes as example the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights, and examine the major trends in the Court’s judgments and admissibility decisions that directly or indirectly concern the rights or welfare of animals. It is concluded that the Court is not indifferent to the welfare of animals, but that animal welfare is instrumentalised: it is understood not as a good in itself, but is instead valued for its implications for human welfare and rights. The chapter then considers the obstacles that the anthropocentrism of the human rights idea and the instrumentalisation of animal concerns present to the use of human rights frameworks to further the development of global animal law, as well as the opportunities that exist in the meeting of these paradigms. It concludes that although the telos of human rights law is different from that of animal law, nevertheless there exist many overlapping concerns within which mutually beneficial interactions are possible

High-K volcanism in the Afyon region, western Turkey: from Si-oversaturated to Si-undersaturated volcanism

Volcanic rocks of the Afyon province (eastern part of western Anatolia) make up a multistage potassic and ultrapotassic alkaline series dated from 14 to 12 Ma. The early-stage Si-oversaturated volcanic rocks around the Afyon city and further southward are trachyandesitic volcanic activity (14.23 ± 0.09 Ma). Late-stage Si-undersaturated volcanism in the southernmost part of the Afyon volcanic province took place in three episodes inferred from their stratigraphic relationships and ages. Melilite– leucitites (11.50 ± 0.03 Ma), spotted rachyandesites, tephryphonolites and lamproites (11.91 ± 0.13 Ma) formed in the first episode; trachyandesites in the second episode and finally phonotephrites, phonolite, basaltic trachyandesites and nosean-bearing trachyandesites during the last episode. The parameter Q [normative q-(ne + lc + kls + ol)] of western Anatolia volcanism clearly decreased southward with time becoming zero in the time interval 10–15 Ma. The magmatism experienced a sudden change in the extent of Si saturation after 14 Ma, during late-stage volcanic activity of Afyon volcanic province at around 12 Ma, though there was some coexistence of Si-oversaturated and Si-undersaturated magmas during the whole life of Afyon volcanic province

CircumMed+Euro pine forest database: an electronic archive for Mediterranean and European forests

Large thematic databases of vegetation-plots are increasingly needed for vegetation studies and biodiversity research. In this paper, we present the CircumMed+Euro Pine Forest Database (GIVD ID: EU-00-026), which in September 2018 encompassed 5590 records from pine-dominated vegetation plots (relevés) and associated vegetation types from 23 countries of temperate Europe, Eastern Mediterranean and North Africa. These vegetation plots were collected through a detailed literature search for plots not included in the European Vegetation Archive (EVA). The database includes plots from 192 bibliographic references and unpublished vegetation plots by different authors. All vegetation plots are georeferenced, and coordinates are available with different accuracy as reported by the authors. The database is managed by the Vegetation Science Group, Department of Botany and Zoology of the Masaryk University in Brno (Czech Republic). It is registered in the Global Index of Vegetation-Plot Databases (GIVD) with the code EU-00-026 and is accessible through the European Vegetation Archive (EVA) or by asking the Custodian. The CircumMed+Euro Pine Forest Database is an important resource for conducting different types of broad-scale studies in the fields of vegetation classification, plant invasion ecology, macroecology and biological conservationN/