Teaching experiences in contexts of conflict and cultural diversity during the COVID-19 pandemic: The case of a public school in Bogotá

This paper showcases the experience of teachers in an under-served school in Bogotá, Colombia, amidst the difficulties of delivering meaningful education to a diverse population of students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Some of the students were already affected by precariousness and forced displacement. The paper focuses on teachers’ agency and their motivation to work toward social and educational change, while also attending to the educational needs of immigrant and indigenous students using a critical inclusive and inter-cultural education approach. The teachers’ researchaction- reflection process enabled them to examine educational practices through a de-colonial and inter-cultural lens and to implement an innovative pedagogical strategy to address educational inequalities

Experiencias en la academia hacia una integración empresarial eficiente. Caso de estudio Facultad de Arquitectura y Diseño, UAEMEX

El objetivo general del plan de estudios de la Facultad de Arquitectura y Diseño de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México es el de “ofrecer al egresado de la licenciatura una sólida formación teórico-práctica para resolver las problemáticas generales y particulares a las que se enfrentará en su desempeño profesional”. Se busca constituir profesionistas reflexivos, críticos, competitivos y capaces en el campo de la Arquitectura que posean un marco de valores universales de tipo moral, ético, social, humano y estético. El plan establece la importancia del trabajo en equipo de tipo multidisciplinar y fomenta la integración de los alumnos a una actividad empresarial. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar el proceso y desarrollo de la operatividad de la actividad llamada Integrativa Profesional y Practica Profesional de la Facultad de Arquitectura y Diseño. El medio son las experiencias que la Facultad de Arquitectura y Diseño ha tenido como gestor en el proceso de integración y vinculación del alumno con las empresas y cómo ha logrado ser un referente de inserción laboral en nuestra entidad. La metodología empleada es de tipo analítica descriptiva y consta de cuatro partes: Marco teórico conceptual, Descripción de la unidad de aprendizaje Integrativa Profesional, Operatividad, seguimiento y evaluación de la unidad de aprendizaje Integrativa Profesional y Conclusiones.The general objective of the study plan of the Faculty of Architecture and Design of the Autonomous University of the State of Mexico is to “offer graduates of the degree a solid theoretical-practical training to solve the general and particular problems that they will face. in their professional performance. It seeks to constitute reflective, critical, competitive and capable professionals in the field of Architecture who have a framework of universal moral, ethical, social, human and aesthetic values. The plan establishes the importance of multidisciplinary teamwork and encourages the integration of students into a business activity. The objective of this work is to analyze the process and development of the operation of the activity called Professional Integrative and Professional Practice of the Faculty of Architecture and Design. The means are the experiences that the Faculty of Architecture and Design has had as a manager in the process of integration and linking of the student with the companies and how it has managed to be a reference for labor insertion in our entity. The methodology used is of a descriptive analytical type and consists of four parts: Conceptual theoretical framework, Description of the Professional Integrative learning unit, Operation, monitoring and evaluation of the Professional Integrative learning unit and Conclusions

Structural study of the catalytic domain of PKCfusinginfrared spectroscopy and two-dimensional infraredcorrelation spectroscopy

The secondary structure of the catalytic domain from protein kinase Cfwas studied using IR spectroscopy. In the presence of the substrateMgATP, there was a significant change in the secondary structure. Afterheating to 80°C, a 14% decrease in thea-helix component was observed,accompanied by a 6% decrease in theb-pleated sheet; no change wasobserved in the large loops or in 310-helix plus associated loops. The maxi-mum increase with heating was observed in the aggregatedb-sheet compo-nent, with an increase of 14%. In the presence of MgATP, and comparedwith the sample heated in its absence, there was a substantial decrease inthe 310-helix plus associated loops and an increase ina-helix. Synchronous2D-IR correlation showed that the main changes occurred at 1617 cm)1,which was assigned to changes in the intermolecular aggregatedb-sheet ofthe denaturated protein. This increase was mainly correlated with thechange ina-helix. In the presence of MgATP, the main correlation wasbetween aggregatedb-sheet and the large loops component. The asynchro-nous 2D-correlation spectrum indicated that a number of components aretransformed in intermolecularly aggregatedb-sheet, especially thea-helixandb-sheet components. It is interesting that changes in 310-helix plusassociated loops and ina-helix preceded changes in large loops, which sug-gests that the open loops structure exists as an intermediate state duringdenaturation. In summary, IR spectroscopy revealed an important effect ofMgATP on the secondary structure and on the thermal unfolding processwhen this was induced, whereas 2D-IR correlation spectroscopy allowed usto show the establishment of the denaturation pathway of this proteinMedicin

Dietary habits of patients with schizophrenia: A self-reported questionnaire survey

The present study was carried out to determine the dietary habits of patients with schizophrenia and the influence of these habits on the degree of obesity. The study was developed in a sample of 159 patients, who were given a self-reported questionnaire, to ascertain the influence of socio-familiar aspects, pharmacological treatment, and dietary habits. Anthropometric measurements (body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC)) were also taken. Patients with schizophrenia presented unhealthy dietary habits, as indicated by the finding that 51% of the patients took no longer than 15 min to eat, 40.8% did not eat fruit daily, and 63.1% did not eat fish. Women were three times more likely to be obese than men (odds ratio (OR) = 2.91, P = 0.021). Patients classified as having unhealthy dietary habits have a 2.33-fold higher risk of obesity than patients with good dietary habits (OR = 2.33, P = 0.034). In summary, this paper highlights the fact that patients with schizophrenia have a detrimental dietary pattern that is associated with an increase in BMI and WC, with the consequent development of obesity and related metabolic alterations, regardless of the pharmacological treatment being followed. Future research directions will include exploring the need for nutritional education programmes to improve the dietary habits of such patients

Nuevos patrones en la representación y la visualización de la información para entornos distribuidos: del tesauro al topic map

El surgimiento de una nueva realidad informativa, con la aparición de recursos de información en formatos electrónicos, ha hecho necesario acudir de manera sustantiva a los lenguajes documentales, y de forma especial a los tesauros, como herramientas para la indización y recuperación tanto de documentos textuales como de software y herramientas de programación. No obstante, por parte de los documentalistas se ha hecho necesario repensar los tesauros para adaptarlos no sólo a la recuperación de los nuevos objetos informativos, sino a las nuevas formas de acceso y a las nuevas capacidades de navegación del usuario a través del hipertexto. Se describe y valora el estado de la cuestión en la evolución de los tesauros para adaptarse a esta nueva realidad, con especial incidencia en los mapas conceptuales y los topic maps como entornos dinámicos mejor adecuados a una recuperación más semántica y contextual dentro de entornos de información distribuid

Quality of nutritional care during pregnancy: folic acid and vitamin D supplementation

Backgrounds: Folic acid (FA) and vitamin D supplementation is recommended during pregnancy. Quality nutritional care during pregnancy should include the supplementation of these vitamins. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the quality of nutritional care regarding supplementation during pregnancy in primary health care units in six states of Mexico (Estado de México, Oaxaca, Yucatán, Chihuahua, Veracruz and Chiapas). Methods: A mixed study was conducted. An indicator (formed by two sub-indicators) to assess the quality of nutritional care focused on FA and vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy was developed and validated. To assess the quality of care, a sample of 97 health units (HUs) was estimated considering the total number of HUs in the selected states. To ensure the representativeness of the following strata: rurality, care for the indigenous population, and size of the HU; at least one unit was assigned to each stratum by simple random sampling. A trained team performed a random sample of 30 pregnancy clinical records in each HU; the records and the nutritional control cards were reviewed to assess whether the recommendations of the indicator were met. The percentage of compliance with the indicator was estimated. It was considered that an evaluated record complied with the indicator if it complied with its two sub-indicators. A traffic light system was used to present the results: good quality was considered as green (compliance ≥90%); poor quality as yellow (compliance 71% - 89%) and bad quality as red (compliance ≤70%). In addition, semi-structured interviews were conducted with health professionals and an observation guide was applied in health units. Results: A total of 95 HU were assessed. Of the 794 cases evaluated, only one met the two sub-indicators. A bad quality of nutritional care focused on supplementation during pregnancy was observed in the six states and in all HUs. It was identified that most HUs did not have a nutritionist and doctors and nurses recognized that they did not have the knowledge to give nutritional recommendations. Conclusions: It is necessary to implement actions aimed at improving the capacities of health professionals regarding the quality of nutritional care

Premixed calcium silicate-based ceramic sealers promote osteogenic/cementogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells: A microscopy study

To evaluate the effects of premixed calcium silicate based ceramic sealers on the viability and osteogenic/cementogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs). The materials evaluated were TotalFill BC Sealer (TFbc), AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer (AHPbc), and Neosealer Flo (Neo). Standardized discs and 1:1, 1:2, and 1:4 eluates of the tested materials were prepared. The following in vitro experiments were carried out: ion release, cell metabolic activity 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, cell migration, immunofluorescence experiment, cell attachment, gene expression, and mineralization assay. Statistical analyses were performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test (p < .05). Increased Ca2+ release was detected in TFbc compared to AHPbc and Neo (*p < .05). Biological assays showed a discrete cell metabolic activity and cell migration in Neo-treated cell, whereas scanning electronic microscopy assay exhibited that TFbc group had a better cell adhesion process of substrate attachment, spreading, and cytoskeleton development on the niche-like structures of the cement than AHPbc and Neo. The sealers tested were able to induce overexpression of the CEMP-1, ALP, and COL1A1 genes in the first days of exposure, particularly in the case of TFbc (***p < .001). All materials tested significantly increased the mineralization of hPDLSCs when compared to the negative control, although more pronounced calcium deposition was observed in the TFbc-treated cells (***p < .001). Our results suggested that TFbc promotes cell differentiation, both by increasing the expression of key osteo/odontogenic genes and by promoting mineralization of the extracellular matrix, whereas this phenomenon was less evident in Neo and AHPbc. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: TFbc group had a better cell adhesion process of substrate attachment, spreading, and cytoskeleton development on the niche-like structures of the cement than AHPbc and Neo. The sealers tested were able to induce overexpression of the CEMP-1, ALP, and COL1A1 genes in the first days of exposure, particularly in the case of TFbc. All materials tested significantly increased the mineralization of hPDLSCs when compared to the negative control, although more pronounced calcium deposition was observed in the TFbc-treated cells.Odontologí

Biological properties of Ceraputty as a retrograde flling material: an in vitro study on hPDLSCs

Objectives. To assess the cytocompatibility and bioactive potential of the new calcium silicate-based cement Ceraputty on human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) compared to Biodentine and Endosequence BC root repair material (ERRM). Materials and methods. hPDLSCs were isolated from extracted third molars from healthy donors. Standardized sample discs and 1:1, 1:2, and 1:4 eluates of the tested materials were prepared. The following assays were performed: surface element distribution via SEM–EDX, cell attachment and morphology via SEM, cell viability via a MTT assay, osteo/cemento/odontogenic marker expression via RT-qPCR, and cell calcifed nodule formation via Alizarin Red S staining. hPDLSCs cultured in unconditioned or osteogenic media were used as negative and positive control groups, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA or two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test. Statistical signifcance was established at p<0.05. Results. The highest Ca2+ peak was detected from Biodentine samples, followed by ERRM and Ceraputty. hPDLSC viability was signifcantly reduced in Ceraputty samples (p0.05). Biodentine and ERRM exhibited an upregulation of at least one cemento/odonto/osteogenic marker compared to the negative and positive control groups. Cells cultured with Biodentine produced a signifcantly higher calcifed nodule formation than ERRM and Ceraputty (p<0.001), which were also higher than the control groups (p<0.001). Conclusion. Ceraputty evidenced a reduced cytocompatibility towards hPDLSCs on its lowest dilutions compared to the other tested cements and the control group. Biodentine and ERRM promoted a signifcantly higher mineralization and osteo/cementogenic marker expression on hPDLSCs compared with Ceraputty. Further studies are necessary to verify the biological properties of this new material and its adequacy as a retrograde flling material. Clinical relevance This is the frst study to elucidate the adequate biological properties of Ceraputty for its use as a retrograde flling material.Odontologí

Are Endodontic Solvents Cytotoxic? An In Vitro Study on Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of eucalyptol, chloroform, and Endosolv on the proliferative capability, cell viability, and migration rates of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) in vitro. Solvent eluates were formulated following ISO 10993-5 guidelines, and 1%, 0.25%, and 0.1% dilutions were prepared. The HPDLSCs were isolated from the extracted third molars of healthy donors. The following parameters were assessed: cell viability via trypan blue and IC50 assays, cell migration via horizontal wound healing assay, cell morphology via cell cytoskeleton staining (phalloidin labeling), and cell oxidative stress via reactive oxygen species assay. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s posthoc tests, and their significance was established at p < 0.05. Chloroform and eucalyptol exhibited significantly higher cytotoxicity on the hPDLSCs in vitro compared to the control group, as shown by the cell viability, migration, morphology, and reactive oxygen species release assays. Alternatively, Endosolv showed adequate cytotoxicity levels comparable to those of the control group. The cytotoxicity of the tested endodontic solvents increased in a dose-dependent manner. The results from the present study highlight the cytotoxicity of chloroform and eucalyptol. Thus, their limited and cautious use is recommended, avoiding solvent extrusion.Odontologí

Utilización de estructuras verbales en la identificación de relaciones y descriptores en tesauros

Se parte del desarrollo que los tesauros automatizados han proporcionado a las llamadas relaciones no-clásicas de Van Slype, fomentando una eclosión de las relaciones de asociación, agrupadas en categorías por Tudhope, Alani, Jones y engrosadas por el traspaso de relaciones antes de jerarquía por la American Library Association (ALA). Frente a la estaticidad y clasificación taxonómica de los tesauros clásicos, inadaptados al dinamismo, transversalidad, exigencia de mayor abstracción de la información en hipermedia, se proponen las formas verbales como conceptos dinámicos, relacionales, conceptualizadores de la acción, muy útiles para representar el contexto mediante relaciones circunstanciales, a partir de los precedentes establecidos por A. L. Tharp y SYNTOL. Se ndican como sus aplicaciones inmediatas la determinación de géneros de Swales, la tipología de las secciones del documento y unas funciones tesaurales más eficaces en red. Se concluye con futuros desarrollos de investigación en las categorizaciones asociativas, desde las experiencias aplicativas deWordNet.Este trabajo ha sido realizado dentro del marco del Proyecto financiado por la CICYT (Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología), titulado “Desarrollo de un tesauro de verbos para entornos de información dinámica. Aplicación del estándar ISO/ICE: 13250:1999, del Plan General del Conocimiento. TIC 2000-2003