ANALYZING NON-PERFORMING ASSETS IN EDUCATIONAL LOANS: A CASE STUDY OF INDIA

The primary objective of this research study is to investigate non-performing assets in Indian educational loans. Education is a critical foundation of the Indian economy. It represents the primary source of livelihood for the development and the development of an economy. Educational loans are very important in order to achieve technological development and, implicitly, to reduce costs and use sustainable strategies. The data sample was collected from 80 lenders (bank managers) and 80 borrowers of education loans from Pudukkottai district, Tamilnadu state in India. The Multi Stage Disproportionate Sampling method has been applied for the purpose of collecting information from both the borrowers and the lenders. The analysis results refute the hypothesis, as there is no substantial variation in how various types of banks manage non- performing assets in educational credit, since the bulk of NPA instances in educational credit are the consequence of borrowers' intentional default. The majority of defaults were caused by political leaders' announcements of debt forgiveness. The empirical results are relevant and contribute to a better understanding of the impact of non-performing assets in educational loans on sustainable economic growth in India

The Expectation Disconfirmation Theory of Green Banking Practices of State Bank of India with special reference to Kerala - A Structural Equation Modeling Approach

In light of Agenda 2030, sustainability awareness is steadily growing worldwide. All institutions, including banks and financial institutions, are working to reduce their carbon footprints. Several indirect problems have arisen for India as a result of the banking process, such as global warming, climate change, irregular monsoon, air pollution, heavy rain, poor air quality, health problems, ozone depletion, fossil fuel use, recurrent destruction of forests for daily use, improper e-waste disposal. These issues can be overcome with sustainable banking practices (Green banking), which benefit the customer's satisfaction and quality of life. However, sustainability can be achieved only when the customers accept green banking and are satisfied with it. In order to do that, the bank must understand the level of expectations and perception of its customers toward green initiatives and to what extent the initiatives satisfy their day-to-day needs. This paper provides an overview of Expectancy disconfirmation integrations into customer satisfaction of India's largest public sector banks. As part of the present theoretical analysis, we first examine the level of awareness, expectations, and perception differences of customers to determine their satisfaction level. We then provide some evidence from SBI in Kerala regarding dissatisfying factors in green banking practices

Dynamic Gaits and Control in Flexible Body Quadruped Robot

Legged robots are highly attractive for military purposes such as carrying heavy loads on uneven terrain for long durations because of the higher mobility they give on rough terrain compared to wheeled vehicles/robots. Existing state-of-the-art quadruped robots developed by Boston Dynamics such as LittleDog and BigDog do not have flexible bodies. It can be easily seen that the agility of quadruped animals such as dogs, cats, and deer etc. depend to a large extent on their ability to flex their bodies. However, simulation study on step climbing in 3D terrain quadruped robot locomotion with flexible body has not been reported in literature. This paper aims to study the effect of body flexibility on stability and energy efficiency in walking mode, trot mode and running (bounding) mode on step climbing

Universal power law in the orientational relaxation in thermotropic liquid crystals

We observe a surprisingly general power law decay at short to intermediate times in orientational relaxation in a variety of model systems (both calamitic and discotic, and also discrete) for thermotropic liquid crystals. As all these systems transit across the isotropic-nematic phase boundary, two power law relaxation regimes, separated by a plateau, emerge giving rise to a step-like feature (well-known in glassy liquids) in the single-particle second-rank orientational time correlation function. In contrast to its probable dynamical origin in supercooled liquids, we show that the power law here can originate from the thermodynamic fluctuations of the orientational order parameter, driven by the rapid growth in the second-rank orientational correlation length.Comment: Submitted to Physical Review Letter

BIOACTIVE POTENTIAL OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI ASPERGILLUS FLAVUS (SS03) AGAINST CLINICAL ISOLATES

Objective: This study was to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of endophytic fungi isolated from the medicinal plant Moringa oleifera Lam. collected from the Omalur region, Salem district.Methods: The endophytic fungi were isolated from stem, leaves, flowers and calyx of Moringa oleifera by surface sterilization method. The samples were surface sterilized by immersing it in 70% ethanol for 5 seconds followed by 4% sodium hypochlorite for 90 seconds and then a final rinsing in sterile distilled water. Then fungal biomass was extracted for intracellular metabolites by using ethyl acetate as solvent. The crude extract was filtered, and the filtrate was dried under vacuum at 40 °C. The filtrate was analyzed for antimicrobial activity. The fungi which showed the maximum activity was identified and the metabolite present in the ethyl acetate extract was characterized and identified by GC-MS and NMR analysis.Results: The predominant endophytic fungi isolated belongs to the genera of Aspergillus spp, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus versicolor, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus ochraceus, Aspergillus terreus and dematiaceous fungi namely Bipolaris spp. From this Aspergillus flavus showed the highest zone of inhibition was observed against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus 22 mm and strain of Candida tropicalis 19 mm. The efficiency of the bioactive compound was identified by GC-MS and NMR analysis and found to be Fenaclon, (R)(-) 14 methyl-8-hexadecyn-1-ol, Trans-β-farnesene (E)-β-farnesene, 9-Octcadecene,1,1, DimethoxyConclusion: This study results indicate that the bioactive metabolites produce the endophytic fungi Aspergillus flavus could be promising source as antimicrobial agents

Complete breakdown of the Debye model of rotational relaxation near the isotropic-nematic phase boundary: Effects of intermolecular correlations in orientational dynamics

The Debye-Stokes-Einstein (DSE) model of rotational diffusion predicts that the rotational correlation times $\tau_{l}$ vary as $[l(l+1)]^{-1}$, where $l$ is the rank of the orientational correlation function (given in terms of the Legendre polynomial of rank $l$). One often finds significant deviation from this prediction, in either direction. In supercooled molecular liquids where the ratio $\tau_{1}/\tau_{2}$ falls considerably below three (the Debye limit), one usually invokes a jump diffusion model to explain the approach of the ratio $\tau_{1}/\tau_{2}$ to unity. Here we show in a computer simulation study of a standard model system for thermotropic liquid crystals that this ratio becomes much less than unity as the isotropic-nematic phase boundary is approached from the isotropic side. Simultaneously, the ratio $\tau_2/\eta$ (where $\eta$ is the shear viscosity of the liquid) becomes {\it much larger} than hydrodynamic value near the I-N transition. We have also analyzed the break down of the Debye model of rotational diffusion in ratios of higher order rotational correlation times. We show that the break down of the DSE model is due to the growth of orientational pair correlation and provide a mode coupling theory analysis to explain the results.Comment: Submitted to Physical Review

Current distribution of the invasive earthworm Pontoscolex corethrurus (Müller, 1857) after a century of its first report from Kerala state, India

Pontoscolex corethrurus (Müller, 1857) is an important peregrine earthworm species in the humid tropics and is found in land disturbed by human activities. Its presence in Kerala state was first reported by Michaelsen in 1910. So far the occurrence of 14 exotic earthworm species has been reported from Kerala state. However present distribution status of any of these exotic species is not yet thoroughly studied. Now P. corethrurus is naturalized in forests, degraded areas, and agroecosystems from the higher altitude areas to the coastal zones. Here, the current distribution pattern of P. corethrurus in the state after a period of 100 years is highlighted

Potential of Egg shell powder as replacement of Lime in soil stabilization

This paper presents a study on the properties of soil stabilized by using lime and egg shell powder. Tests were conducted to assess the potential of egg shell powder in replacing lime, which can make the overall stabilization process economical and eco-friendly. Results obtained show that all the treated mixes gave much better strength than untreated soil. Egg shell powder was introduced in quantities of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2% of the weight of soil. Tests were conducted replacing up to 50% of the lime used for stabilization. It was observed that 25% replacement of lime by egg shell powder gave better strength properties and can be adopted for practical purposes

In silico analysis on macroalgae metabolites against skin cancer protein, phylogenetic and statistical analysis

Anti-skin cancer potential of the macroalgae of Halimeda spp was tested against a skin cancer protein of 4,5-Diarylisoxazole Hsp90 Chaperone by in silico docking method About 32 secondary metabolites of Halimeda spp. reported from previous studies were checked against the skin cancer protein of Hsp90 using the tool of Arguslab 4.0.1. To find out the relevance among skin cancer and other cancers, a phylogenetic tree was constructed for the skin cancer proteins and other cancer proteins. The association among the retention time, the molecular weight of the tested compounds, and docking run were tested using Pearson correlation analysis by Minitab tool. The result exhibited that most of the tested active principles are possessing considerable binding energy. Among them, the highest was recorded for 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, butyl octyl ester of -14 kcal followed by Phthalic acid, butyl hexyl ester of -13 kcal. From the remaining four compounds showed -12 kcal, 14 compounds expressed -11 kcal and the other compounds possessed -10, -9, -8, and -4 kcal of binding energy. The phylogenetic tree revealed that the relationship of skin cancer having 100% similarity with other cancer protein of wild and home animals, 96% similarity with oral, lung and cervical cancers and 90% similarity with breast cancer protein in human. The correlation analysis showed that the positive association among the retention time, molecular weight of the compounds, and docking run. This study concludes that the Halimeda spp is the right candidate for culminating skin cancer and recommends further studies to establish the potential