Physical activity in elderly patients – preliminary report

Background. The recent increase in the number of people over 60 forces the public opinion to take an interest in the problems of this group of people. One of those problems is physical activity, as it is one of the factors that will influence their health. It should be considered if the elderly have a positive attitude to exercise, what type of exercise is performed and whether they practiced any sport in their youth and what will be the most important goal of exercise. Aim of the study. The aim of this study was an initial self-assessment of their physical activity of the elderly patients. Material and methods. The study involved 50 patients from the Geriatric Clinic, University Hospital No. 1 in Bydgoszcz who were above 60 years of age. The subjects took part in an anonymous questionnaire on physical activity. Results. 32 (64%) of the patients declared a positive attitude toward exercise, 11 (22%) had a negative attitude, 5 (10%) connected it to their well-being, and 2 (4%) said that they must force themselves to perform physical activity. 16 (32%) of the respondents actively practiced sport in their youth, 28 (56%) did not, and 6 (12%) were not able to remember. The disciplines practiced by the respondents were: running (8, 44%), swimming (5, 28%), football (3, 17%) and gymnastics (2, 11%). The current preferred mode of physical activity in the free time of the respondents is: walking (26, 52%), cycling (18, 36%), Nordic walking (4, 8%), fishing (2, 4%). According to the patients, the purpose of physical exercise is: general fitness (30, 60%), fitness in everyday activities (9, 18%) and independence from others (11, 22%). Conclusions. Elderly patients mostly speak positively of exercise and they state that the primary goal of exercise is maintaining overall fitness, regardless of sex, age, place of residence, marital status or education.Wstęp. Zwiększająca się w ostatnich latach liczba osób powyżej 60 roku życia wymusza na społeczeństwie zainteresowanie się problemami tej grupy osób. Jednym z nich jest aktywność fizyczna, gdyż to ona będzie między innymi rzutować na późniejszy stan zdrowia. Zastanowić się można zatem czy osoby w starszym wieku są pozytywnie ustosunkowane do ćwiczeń fizycznych, jaki typ ćwiczeń wykonują najchętniej oraz czy w młodości trenowali sport oraz co będzie najważniejszym celem ćwiczeń. Celem pracy była wstępna samoocena aktywności fizycznej pacjentów w starszym wieku. Materiał i metody. W badaniu wzięło udział 50 pacjentów Poradni Geriatrycznej Szpitala Uniwersyteckiego Nr 1 im. dr A. Jurasza w Bydgoszczy powyżej 60 roku życia. Badani zostali poddani anonimowej ankiecie na temat aktywności fizycznej. Wyniki. Spośród 50 pacjentów 32 (64%) pacjentów deklarowało pozytywny stosunek do ćwiczeń fizycznych, 11 (22%) było do nich ustosunkowanych negatywnie, 5 (10%) uzależniało je od swojego samopoczucia, a 2 (4%) opowiedziało, że musi się zmuszać do wykonania aktywności fizycznej. Czynnie sport w młodości trenowało 16 (32%) ankietowanych, 28 (56%) nie wykonywało, natomiast 6 (12%) nie jest w stanie sobie przypomnieć. Dyscyplinami trenowanymi w młodości przez ankietowanych było: bieganie 8 (44%), pływanie 5 (28%), piłka nożna 3 (17%) oraz gimnastyka 2 (11%). Aktywnością fizyczną preferowaną obecnie w wolnych chwilach przez ankietowanych są: spacery 26 (52%), jazda na rowerze 18 (36%), 4 (8%) nordic walking, 2 (4%) wędkarstwo. Celem ćwiczeń fizycznych w opinii pacjentów jest całkowita sprawność fizyczna 30 (60%), sprawność na poziomie życia codziennego 9 (18%) oraz niezależność od osób drugich 11 (22%). Wnioski. Pacjenci w starszym wieku w większości pozytywnie wypowiadają się na temat ćwiczeń fizycznych, a za cel główny ćwiczeń stawiają utrzymanie całkowitej sprawności fizycznej bez względu na płeć, wiek, miejsce zamieszkania, stan cywilny czy wykształcenie

Aktywność fizyczna pacjentów w starszym wieku – doniesienie wstępne

Background. The recent increase in the number of people over 60 forces the public opinion to take an interest in the problems of this group of people. One of those problems is physical activity, as it is one of the factors that will influence their health. It should be considered if the elderly have a positive attitude to exercise, what type of exercise is performed and whether they practiced any sport in their youth and what will be the most important goal of exercise. Aim of the study. The aim of this study was an initial self-assessment of their physical activity of the elderly patients. Material and methods. The study involved 50 patients from the Geriatric Clinic, University Hospital No. 1 in Bydgoszcz who were above 60 years of age. The subjects took part in an anonymous questionnaire on physical activity. Results. 32 (64%) of the patients declared a positive attitude toward exercise, 11 (22%) had a negative attitude, 5 (10%) connected it to their well-being, and 2 (4%) said that they must force themselves to perform physical activity. 16 (32%) of the respondents actively practiced sport in their youth, 28 (56%) did not, and 6 (12%) were not able to remember. The disciplines practiced by the respondents were: running (8, 44%), swimming (5, 28%), football (3, 17%) and gymnastics (2, 11%). The current preferred mode of physical activity in the free time of the respondents is: walking (26, 52%), cycling (18, 36%), Nordic walking (4, 8%), fishing (2, 4%). According to the patients, the purpose of physical exercise is: general fitness (30, 60%), fitness in everyday activities (9, 18%) and independence from others (11, 22%). Conclusions. Elderly patients mostly speak positively of exercise and they state that the primary goal of exercise is maintaining overall fitness, regardless of sex, age, place of residence, marital status or education.Wstęp. Zwiększająca się w ostatnich latach liczba osób powyżej 60 roku życia wymusza na społeczeństwie zainteresowanie się problemami tej grupy osób. Jednym z nich jest aktywność fizyczna, gdyż to ona będzie między innymi rzutować na późniejszy stan zdrowia. Zastanowić się można zatem czy osoby w starszym wieku są pozytywnie ustosunkowane do ćwiczeń fizycznych, jaki typ ćwiczeń wykonują najchętniej oraz czy w młodości trenowali sport oraz co będzie najważniejszym celem ćwiczeń. Celem pracy była wstępna samoocena aktywności fizycznej pacjentów w starszym wieku. Materiał i metody. W badaniu wzięło udział 50 pacjentów Poradni Geriatrycznej Szpitala Uniwersyteckiego Nr 1 im. dr A. Jurasza w Bydgoszczy powyżej 60 roku życia. Badani zostali poddani anonimowej ankiecie na temat aktywności fizycznej. Wyniki. Spośród 50 pacjentów 32 (64%) pacjentów deklarowało pozytywny stosunek do ćwiczeń fizycznych, 11 (22%) było do nich ustosunkowanych negatywnie, 5 (10%) uzależniało je od swojego samopoczucia, a 2 (4%) opowiedziało, że musi się zmuszać do wykonania aktywności fizycznej. Czynnie sport w młodości trenowało 16 (32%) ankietowanych, 28 (56%) nie wykonywało, natomiast 6 (12%) nie jest w stanie sobie przypomnieć. Dyscyplinami trenowanymi w młodości przez ankietowanych było: bieganie 8 (44%), pływanie 5 (28%), piłka nożna 3 (17%) oraz gimnastyka 2 (11%). Aktywnością fizyczną preferowaną obecnie w wolnych chwilach przez ankietowanych są: spacery 26 (52%), jazda na rowerze 18 (36%), 4 (8%) nordic walking, 2 (4%) wędkarstwo. Celem ćwiczeń fizycznych w opinii pacjentów jest całkowita sprawność fizyczna 30 (60%), sprawność na poziomie życia codziennego 9 (18%) oraz niezależność od osób drugich 11 (22%). Wnioski. Pacjenci w starszym wieku w większości pozytywnie wypowiadają się na temat ćwiczeń fizycznych, a za cel główny ćwiczeń stawiają utrzymanie całkowitej sprawności fizycznej bez względu na płeć, wiek, miejsce zamieszkania, stan cywilny czy wykształcenie

NEW COMPETENCE OF BIOLOGY TEACHER IN THE FACE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL CHANGES

Education must constantly be adapted to new needs. Educational tasks determine new styles of teachers' work and also their competences, showing that the effects of the course of didactic process depend on the teacher's awareness to a large extent, way of understanding of the school's reality and the students themselves. Currently the media are ever-present. The teacher must be aware of the influence of outside school interference and psychological barriers related to the communication process. Mass media and hypermedia shape new patterns and new values. The 'overheated' and synthetic announcements often limit the intellectual effort and the critical thinking. On the other hand e-communication is a stimulator of mass education. It requires from teachers use of strategies leading to rebuilding the earlier structure of students' knowledge, creating different structures in connection with new students' concepts and needs in response to new information. The survey research among 45 biology teachers was conducted. Conclusions drawn from research results (analysis of documents and survey) allowed the elaboration priorities for biology teacher training in the contemporary world of medi

Difficulties in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant paraganglioma of the urinary bladder

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Difficulties in the diagnosis and treatment of ruptured pheochromocytoma

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Ectopic ACTH syndrome of different origin-Diagnostic approach and clinical outcome : experience of one Clinical Centre

PurposeEctopic Cushing Syndrome (EAS) is a rare condition responsible for about 5-20% of all Cushing syndrome cases. It increases the mortality of affected patients thus finding and removal of the ACTH-producing source allows for curing or reduction of symptoms and serum cortisol levels. The aim of this study is to present a 20-year experience in the diagnosis and clinical course of patients with EAS in a single Clinical Centre in Southern Poland as well as a comparison of clinical course and outcomes depending on the source of ectopic ACTH production-especially neuroendocrine tumors with other neoplasms.MethodsTwenty-four patients were involved in the clinical study with EAS diagnosed at the Department of Endocrinology between years 2000 and 2018. The diagnosis of EAS was based on the clinical presentation, hypercortisolemia with high ACTH levels, high dose dexamethasone suppression test and/or corticotropin-releasing hormone tests. To find the source of ACTH various imaging studies were performed.ResultsHalf of the patients were diagnosed with neuroendocrine tumors, whereby muscle weakness was the leading symptom. Typical cushingoid appearance was seen in merely a few patients, and weight loss was more common than weight gain. Patients with neuroendocrine tumors had significantly higher midnight cortisol levels than the rest of the group. Among patients with infections, we observed a significantly higher concentrations of cortisol 2400 levels in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Chromogranin A correlated significantly with potassium in patients with neuroendocrine tumors and there was a significant correlation between ACTH level and severity of hypokalemia.ConclusionEAS is not common, but if it occurs it increases the mortality of patients; therefore, it should be taken into consideration in the case of coexistence of severe hypokalemia with hypertension and muscle weakness, especially when weight loss occurs. Because the diagnosis of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumor worsens the prognosis-special attention should be paid to these patients

Differences in clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of sporadic and MEN-1-related insulinomas

Introduction: Although in most cases insulinomas are small, benign, sporadic tumours, they can also be associated with hereditary syndromes, most commonly multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN-1). Such a diagnosis significantly affects patient management. The objective was to elucidate the clinical differences between sporadic and MEN-1-linked insulinoma. Material and methods: Comparison of clinical and histopathological characteristics, types of surgery, and outcomes of patients with sporadic and MEN-1-related insulinoma diagnosed between 2015 and 2022. Results: There were 17 cases of insulinomas that underwent MEN-1 genetic testing (10 women and 7 men). In 7 cases, the mutation in the menin gene was confirmed. The median age at the time of diagnosis of sporadic insulinoma related to MEN-1 was 69 years (range 29–87) and 31.5 years (16–47), respectively. Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP) was found in 6 of 7 patients with MEN-1-related insulinoma, while in none of the patients without MEN-1 mutations. Multifocal pancreatic NETs were found in 3 patients with MEN-1 syndrome, while in all sporadic cases there was a single pancreatic tumour. Two patients with insulinoma related to MEN-1 had a positive familial history of MEN-1-related diseases, while none with sporadic form. Dissemination at diagnosis was found in 4 cases, including 3 patients with insulinoma related to MEN-1-related insulinoma. Patients with sporadic and MEN-1-related insulinoma did not differ in tumour size, Ki-67 proliferation index, and outcome. Conclusions: Of all the features evaluated, only the multifocal nature of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour (PanNET) lesions and a positive family history differentiated between patients with sporadic and MEN-1-related insulinomas. An age of insulinoma diagnosis of less than 30 years may be a strong indicator of an increased risk of MEN-1 syndrome

Post-COVID-19 rehabilitation (PCR-SIRIO 8) study. A rationale and protocol of the study

A substantial proportion of the COVID-19 survivors require the physical and mental support due to the post COVID-19 syndrome. In response to this demand a comprehensive rehabilitation program tailored to the individual needs has been developed. The program is linked with a Post-COVID-19 Rehabilitation (PCR-SIRIO 8) study that aims to objectively evaluate the outcomes of the post-COVID-19 rehabilitation. The study was designed as a prospective, single-center, observational study involving patients suffering from post-COVID-19 syndrome. Patients meeting the inclusion criteria are invited for an initial visit including medical and physiotherapeutic examination. Rehabilitation program includes physical training, therapeutic education, and psychotherapeutic workshops. Individual psychotherapeutic, educational and medical visits are carried out additionally depending on the patient’s needs. Closing visit evaluates individual effects of the rehabilitation program. We believe that our observational study will provide knowledge necessary to optimize post-COVID-19 rehabilitation