The creation of humorous lexicon in Les Luthiers

The creation of lexicon with a humorous purpose constitutes a special form of verbal humor. In a humorous neologism the form of the resultant word is a decisive factor upon evaluating the humorous efficacy of this artifice. This research intends to examine the morphological procedures that lead to the creation of humorous lexicon and, at the same time, analyze to what extent these are distanced themselves from the morphological procedures that usually generate new words accepted into the Spanish lexicon. With this aim, the research analyzes the lexical creations that appear in the work of the Argentinian group Les Luthiers and classifies them according to their origin in productive or creative procedures. These latter turned out to have a slight prevalence when analyzing the total number of cases. In this work, distinct procedures within each one of these categories are described and different examples taken from Les Luthiers are reviewed. </p

Online version of a Theory of Mind test in Mexicans Versión en-línea de una prueba para evaluar la teoría de la mente en población mexicana

The “Reading the Mind in the Eyes test” (RMET), also known as “The Eyes test”, is one of the most widely used tests to study Theory of Mind (ToM) and has been translated to several languages around the world. The aim of this study was to present an online version of the RMET designed for a Mexican population (Barrera-Valdivia et al., 2019) and to explore sex and age-related effects on the performance of the test. 1489 adults (1054 female, 71%) age 18 to 87 (M=30, SD=15) participated in the study. Participants were instructed to choose the word that best described what the person in each picture was feeling among four options. Stimuli consisted of full color images of 45 people’s eyes who expressed a variety of mental states. Results showed that 30 stimuli met the selection criteria: ≥50% selected on target and ≤25% on any of the foils. Average accuracy in response was 76% (SD= 11%) with observable differences by sex and age. Response accuracy allowed to classify stimuli into three difficulty levels (easy, intermediate, and difficult). Results showed that the online version of the RMET is an adequate assessment tool for ToM research in Mexican population as well as other Latin Americans communities that share cultural features

A creação de léxico humorístico no Les Luthiers

The creation of lexicon with a humorous purpose constitutes a special form of verbal humor. In a humorous neologism the form of the resultant word is a decisive factor upon evaluating the humorous efficacy of this artifice. This research intends to examine the morphological procedures that lead to the creation of humorous lexicon and, at the same time, analyze to what extent these are distanced themselves from the morphological procedures that usually generate new words accepted into the Spanish lexicon. With this aim, the research analyzes the lexical creations that appear in the work of the Argentinian group Les Luthiers and classifies them according to their origin in productive or creative procedures. These latter turned out to have a slight prevalence when analyzing the total number of cases. In this work, distinct procedures within each one of these categories are described and different examples taken from Les Luthiers are reviewed. La creación de léxico con una finalidad humorística constituye una forma especial de humor verbal. En un neologismo humorístico la forma de la palabra resultante es un factor decisivo a la hora de evaluar la eficacia humorística de este artificio. Esta investigación se propone examinar los procedimientos morfológicos que llevan a la creación de léxico humorístico y a la vez analiza en qué medida estos se distancian de los procedimientos morfológicos que usualmente generan palabras nuevas aceptadas en el léxico en español. Con este fin la investigación analiza las creaciones léxicas que aparecen en la obra del grupo argentino Les Luthiers y las clasifica según su origen en procedimientos productivos o creativos. Estos últimos resultaron tener una ligera prevalencia al analizar el total de los casos. En el trabajo se describen distintos procedimientos dentro de cada una de estas categorías y se revisan diferentes ejemplos tomados de Les Luthiers. A criação de léxico com uma finalidade humorística constitui uma forma especial de humor verbal. Em um neologismo humorístico, a forma da palavra resultante é um fator decisivo na hora de avaliar a eficácia humorística deste artifício. Esta pesquisa visa examinar os procedimentos morfológicos que levam à criação de léxico humorístico e, ao mesmo tempo, analisa até que ponto estes se distanciam dos procedimentos morfológicos que usualmente geram palavras novas aceitas no léxico em espanhol. Para isso, a pesquisa analisa as criações léxicas que aparecem na obra do grupo argentino Les Luthiers e as classifica de acordo com a sua origem em procedimentos produtivos ou criativos. Estes últimos resultaram ter uma pequena prevalência ao analisar o total dos casos. No trabalho são descritos distintos procedimentos dentro de cada uma destas categorias e são revisados diferentes exemplos extraídos do Les Luthiers.

La creación de léxico humorístico en Les Luthiers

The creation of lexicon with a humorous purpose constitutes a special form of verbal humor. In a humorous neologism the form of the resultant word is a decisive factor upon evaluating the humorous efficacy of this artifice. This research intends to examine the morphological procedures that lead to the creation of humorous lexicon and, at the same time, analyze to what extent these are distanced themselves from the morphological procedures that usually generate new words accepted into the Spanish lexicon. With this aim, the research analyzes the lexical creations that appear in the work of the Argentinian group Les Luthiers and classifies them according to their origin in productive or creative procedures. These latter turned out to have a slight prevalence when analyzing the total number of cases. In this work, distinct procedures within each one of these categories are described and different examples taken from Les Luthiers are reviewed. A criação de léxico com uma finalidade humorística constitui uma forma especial de humor verbal. Em um neologismo humorístico, a forma da palavra resultante é um fator decisivo na hora de avaliar a eficácia humorística deste artifício. Esta pesquisa visa examinar os procedimentos morfológicos que levam à criação de léxico humorístico e, ao mesmo tempo, analisa até que ponto estes se distanciam dos procedimentos morfológicos que usualmente geram palavras novas aceitas no léxico em espanhol. Para isso, a pesquisa analisa as criações léxicas que aparecem na obra do grupo argentino Les Luthiers e as classifica de acordo com a sua origem em procedimentos produtivos ou criativos. Estes últimos resultaram ter uma pequena prevalência ao analisar o total dos casos. No trabalho são descritos distintos procedimentos dentro de cada uma destas categorias e são revisados diferentes exemplos extraídos do Les Luthiers. La creación de léxico con una finalidad humorística constituye una forma especial de humor verbal. En un neologismo humorístico la forma de la palabra resultante es un factor decisivo a la hora de evaluar la eficacia humorística de este artificio. Esta investigación se propone examinar los procedimientos morfológicos que llevan a la creación de léxico humorístico y a la vez analiza en qué medida estos se distancian de los procedimientos morfológicos que usualmente generan palabras nuevas aceptadas en el léxico en español. Con este fin la investigación analiza las creaciones léxicas que aparecen en la obra del grupo argentino Les Luthiers y las clasifica según su origen en procedimientos productivos o creativos. Estos últimos resultaron tener una ligera prevalencia al analizar el total de los casos. En el trabajo se describen distintos procedimientos dentro de cada una de estas categorías y se revisan diferentes ejemplos tomados de Les Luthiers.

La creación de léxico humorístico en Les Luthiers

The creation of lexicon with a humorous purpose constitutes a special form of verbal humor. In a humorous neologism the form of the resultant word is a decisive factor upon evaluating the humorous efficacy of this artifice. This research intends to examine the morphological procedures that lead to the creation of humorous lexicon and, at the same time, analyze to what extent these are distanced themselves from the morphological procedures that usually generate new words accepted into the Spanish lexicon. With this aim, the research analyzes the lexical creations that appear in the work of the Argentinian group Les Luthiers and classifies them according to their origin in productive or creative procedures. These latter turned out to have a slight prevalence when analyzing the total number of cases. In this work, distinct procedures within each one of these categories are described and different examples taken from Les Luthiers are reviewed.La creación de léxico con una finalidad humorística constituye una forma especial de humor verbal. En un neologismo humorístico la forma de la palabra resultante es un factor decisivo a la hora de evaluar la eficacia humorística de este artificio. Esta investigación se propone examinar los procedimientos morfológicos que llevan a la creación de léxico humorístico y a la vez analiza en qué medida estos se distancian de los procedimientos morfológicos que usualmente generan palabras nuevas aceptadas en el léxico en español. Con este fin la investigación analiza las creaciones léxicas que aparecen en la obra del grupo argentino Les Luthiers y las clasifica según su origen en procedimientos productivos o creativos. Estos últimos resultaron tener una ligera prevalencia al analizar el total de los casos. En el trabajo se describen distintos procedimientos dentro de cada una de estas categorías y se revisan diferentes ejemplos tomados de Les Luthiers.A criação de léxico com uma finalidade humorística constitui uma forma especial de humor verbal. Em um neologismo humorístico, a forma da palavra resultante é um fator decisivo na hora de avaliar a eficácia humorística deste artifício. Esta pesquisa visa examinar os procedimentos morfológicos que levam à criação de léxico humorístico e, ao mesmo tempo, analisa até que ponto estes se distanciam dos procedimentos morfológicos que usualmente geram palavras novas aceitas no léxico em espanhol. Para isso, a pesquisa analisa as criações léxicas que aparecem na obra do grupo argentino Les Luthiers e as classifica de acordo com a sua origem em procedimentos produtivos ou criativos. Estes últimos resultaram ter uma pequena prevalência ao analisar o total dos casos. No trabalho são descritos distintos procedimentos dentro de cada uma destas categorias e são revisados diferentes exemplos extraídos do Les Luthiers

Mexican Asthma Guidelines: GUIMA 2017

Background: The need for a national guideline, with a broad basis among specialists and primary care physicians was felt in Mexico, to try unifying asthma management. As several high-quality asthma guidelines exist worldwide, it was decided to select the best three for transculturation. Methods: Following the internationally recommended methodology for guideline transculturation, ADAPTE, a literature search for asthma guidelines, published 1-1-2007 through 31-12-2015 was conducted. AGREE-II evaluations yielded 3/40 most suitable for transculturation. Their compound evidence was fused with local reality, patient preference, cost and safety considerations to draft the guideline document. Subsequently, this was adjusted by physicians from 12 national medical societies in several rounds of a Delphi process and 3 face-to-face meetings to reach the final version. Results: Evidence was fused from British Thoracic Society Asthma Guideline 2014, Global Initiative on Asthma 2015, and Guía Española del Manejo del Asma 2015 (2016 updates included). After 3 Delphi-rounds we developed an evidence-based document taking into account patient characteristics, including age, treatment costs and safety and best locally available medication. Conclusion: In cooperation pulmonologists, allergists, ENT physicians, paediatricians and GPs were able to develop an evidence-based document for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of asthma and its exacerbations in Mexico

Effects of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery: an international prospective cohort study an international prospective cohort study

We aimed to determine the impact of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery during the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We performed an international prospective cohort study including patients undergoing elective surgery in October 2020. Isolation was defined as the period before surgery during which patients did not leave their house or receive visitors from outside their household. The primary outcome was postoperative pulmonary complications, adjusted in multivariable models for measured confounders. Pre-defined sub-group analyses were performed for the primary outcome. A total of 96,454 patients from 114 countries were included and overall, 26,948 (27.9%) patients isolated before surgery. Postoperative pulmonary complications were recorded in 1947 (2.0%) patients of which 227 (11.7%) were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients who isolated pre-operatively were older, had more respiratory comorbidities and were more commonly from areas of high SARS-CoV-2 incidence and high-income countries. Although the overall rates of postoperative pulmonary complications were similar in those that isolated and those that did not (2.1% vs 2.0%, respectively), isolation was associated with higher rates of postoperative pulmonary complications after adjustment (adjusted OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.05–1.36, p = 0.005). Sensitivity analyses revealed no further differences when patients were categorised by: pre-operative testing; use of COVID-19-free pathways; or community SARS-CoV-2 prevalence. The rate of postoperative pulmonary complications increased with periods of isolation longer than 3 days, with an OR (95%CI) at 4–7 days or ≥ 8 days of 1.25 (1.04–1.48), p = 0.015 and 1.31 (1.11–1.55), p = 0.001, respectively. Isolation before elective surgery might be associated with a small but clinically important increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Longer periods of isolation showed no reduction in the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. These findings have significant implications for global provision of elective surgical care. We aimed to determine the impact of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery during the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We performed an international prospective cohort study including patients undergoing elective surgery in October 2020. Isolation was defined as the period before surgery during which patients did not leave their house or receive visitors from outside their household. The primary outcome was postoperative pulmonary complications, adjusted in multivariable models for measured confounders. Pre-defined sub-group analyses were performed for the primary outcome. A total of 96,454 patients from 114 countries were included and overall, 26,948 (27.9%) patients isolated before surgery. Postoperative pulmonary complications were recorded in 1947 (2.0%) patients of which 227 (11.7%) were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients who isolated pre-operatively were older, had more respiratory comorbidities and were more commonly from areas of high SARS-CoV-2 incidence and high-income countries. Although the overall rates of postoperative pulmonary complications were similar in those that isolated and those that did not (2.1% vs 2.0%, respectively), isolation was associated with higher rates of postoperative pulmonary complications after adjustment (adjusted OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.05–1.36, p = 0.005). Sensitivity analyses revealed no further differences when patients were categorised by: pre-operative testing; use of COVID-19-free pathways; or community SARS-CoV-2 prevalence. The rate of postoperative pulmonary complications increased with periods of isolation longer than 3 days, with an OR (95%CI) at 4–7 days or ≥ 8 days of 1.25 (1.04–1.48), p = 0.015 and 1.31 (1.11–1.55), p = 0.001, respectively. Isolation before elective surgery might be associated with a small but clinically important increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Longer periods of isolation showed no reduction in the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. These findings have significant implications for global provision of elective surgical care