New record of Prozostrodon brasiliensis (Eucynodontia: Prozostrodontia) from its type-locality (Upper Triassic, Southern Brazil): comments on the endocranial morphology

Here we described a new specimen (UFRGS-PV-0543-T) of the non-mamaliaform cynodont Prozostrodon brasiliensis, collected in the Faixa Nova locality (Santa Maria City, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil), which is referred to the Upper Triassic, Hyperodapedon Assemblage Zone. The new specimen includes a portion of the cranium (fragmented nasals, lacrimals, prefrontals, frontals, palatines, vomer, and fragments of the right premaxilla, left maxilla, and pterygoid), preserving the natural endocast of the nasal cavity, and a fragmented right dentary. The specimen is assigned to P. brasiliensis based on the absence of the postorbital bar, the shape and extension of the snout, the height of the horizontal ramus of the dentary, the position of the Meckelian groove, the morphology of the last postcanine (the only one with the crown partially preserved), and fitting size. The natural endocast is composed of sediment that filled in the nasal cavity. On the dorsal surface of the endocast, there is a longitudinal median sulcus formed by the median bony ridge. Laterally to this median sulcus, there is a longitudinal sulcus on each side formed by the lateral crests. The vomer is low and robust, tapering anteriorly and showing a dorsal groove along its entire length. Other aspects of the endocranial anatomy of UFRGS-PV-0543-T, including wide olfactory region and marked oval-shaped olfactory bulbs, are similar to those of other Late Triassic probainognathian cynodonts.Neste trabalho, descrevemos um novo espécime (UFRGS-PV-0543-T) do cinodonte não-mamaliaforme Prozostrodon brasiliensis, coletado na localidade Faixa Nova (Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil), Triássico Superior, Zona de Associação de Hyperodapedon. O novo espécime é representado por uma porção do crânio (incluindo nasais fragmentados, lacrimais, pré-frontais, frontais, palatinos, vômer, e fragmentos da pré-maxila direita, maxila esquerda e pterigoide), que preserva o molde endocraniano natural da cavidade nasal, e um dentário direito fragmentado. O espécime é atribuído a P. brasiliensis baseado na ausência da barra pós-orbital, a forma e extensão do rostro, a altura do ramo horizontal do dentário, a posição do sulco Meckeliano, a morfologia do último pós-canino (o único com a coroa parcialmente preservada), e tamanho similar ao holótipo. O molde endocraniano natural é formado pelo sedimento que preencheu a cavidade nasal durante o processo de fossilização. Sobre a superfície dorsal desse molde, existem três sulcos longitudinais originados pela crista mediana e cristas laterais, presentes na superfície interna dos ossos que formam o teto da cavidade nasal. O vômer é baixo e robusto, afinado anteriormente e apresenta um sulco dorsal ao longo de todo o seu comprimento. Outros aspectos da anatomia endocraniana de UFRGS-PV-0543-T, incluindo ampla região olfatória e bulbos olfatórios ovais marcados, são semelhantes aos de outros cinodontes probainognátios do Triássico Superior.Fil: Kerber, Leonardo. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; BrasilFil: Martinelli, Agustín Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; ArgentinaFil: Gusmão Rodrigues, Pablo. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilFil: Ribeiro, Ana Maria. Museu de Ciencias Naturais; BrasilFil: Schultz, Cesar Leandro. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilFil: Bento Soares, Marina. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Brasi

Venous ulcer in lower extremities

The lower limbs chronic venous ulcers are extremely stressful for patients and their families due to the physical limitation and the need of special care caused by that disease, which is responsible for the decrease of their life quality and productivity. Despite being a common problem in health care units, venous ulcers do not have adequate treatment in most of these specialized services mainly because of the ignorance of pathophysiology and therapists. Among the complex therapeutic measures described in the literature, prevention and early diagnosis are the primary steps of a proper treatment; minimizing, thus, the physical and psychological consequences brought to lower limb ulcerationsA úlcera venosa crônica de membros inferiores é extremamente desgastante para o paciente e familiares, deteriorando a qualidade de vida e a produtividade das pessoas. Apesar de ser um problema comum nas unidades de saúde, as úlceras venosas não possuem tratamento adequado na maioria dos serviços devido principalmente ao desconhecimento de sua fisiopatologia e dos métodos terapêticos. Entre as medidas terapêuticas complexas descrita na literatura, a prevenção e o diagnóstico precoce são as etapas primordiais para o tratamento adequado desses pacientes, minimizando as sequelas físicas e psicológicas de uma lesão ulcerada em membros inferiore

Produção de palha e desempenho agronômico de soja consorciada com espécies forrageiras em sistema plantio direto

The objective of this work was to evaluate the straw production and the agronomic performance of soybean intercropped with oversown forage species, in no-tillage system. A randomized complete block design was carried out with four replicates, in a 5×2+2 factorial arrangement, as follows: five forage species – Urochloa brizantha 'Marandu', Urochloa ruziziensis, Panicum maximum 'Mombaça', Panicum maximum 'Massai', and Pennisetum americanum –, intercropped with soybean over two crop years (2013/2014 and 2014/2015), plus two controls, with P. americanum sowed in succession to soybean or with soybean monocropping followed by winter fallow (traditional cultivation). Soybean yield components and forage straw yield were evaluated. None of the intercropping systems reduced soybean grain yield, compared with monocropped soybean. The oversown species can significantly improve soybean productivity, as is the case for soybean intercropped with P. maximum 'Mombaça', compared with soybean monocropping, followed or not by millet. Panicum maximum 'Mombaça' is the most effective forage species for dry matter accumulation in the fall/spring period.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produção de palha e o desempenho agronômico de soja consorciada com espécies forrageiras sobressemeadas, em sistema plantio direto. Utilizou-se um delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições, em um arranjo fatorial 5x2+2, conforme a seguir: cinco espécies forrageiras – Urochloa brizantha 'Marandu', Urochloa ruziziensis, Panicum maximum 'Mombaça', Panicum maximum 'Massai' e Pennisetum americanum – consorciadas com soja, em duas safras agrícolas (2013/2014 e 2014/2015), além de dois tratamentos-padrão, com P. americanum em sucessão à soja ou com cultivo tradicional de soja e pousio no inverno (soja solteira). Avaliaram-se os componentes de produção da soja e a produtividade de palha das forrageiras. Nenhum dos consórcios diminuiu a produtividade de grãos da soja, em comparação ao cultivo solteiro. As espécies sobressemeadas podem aumentar significativamente a produtividade da soja, como no caso do consórcio da soja com P. maximum 'Mombaça' comparado ao cultivo da soja solteira, com ou sem milheto em sucessão. Panicum maximum 'Mombaça' é a espécie forrageira mais eficiente quanto ao acúmulo de matéria seca, no período outono/primavera

Planilhas OMIA - Atenção à saúde bucal de crianças escolares

Esta é a planilha de objetivos, metas, indicadores e ações para a Saúde bucal de escolares, desenvolvida no âmbito do curso de Especialização em Saúde da Família da UFPel - modalidade à distância

Brazilian multicenter study on pegvisomant treatment in acromegaly

Objective Investigate the therapeutic response of acromegaly patients to pegvisomant (PEGV) in a real-life, Brazilian multicenter study. Subjects and methods Characteristics of acromegaly patients treated with PEGV were reviewed at diagnosis, just before and during treatment. All patients with at least two IGF-I measurements on PEGV were included. Efficacy was defined as any normal IGF-I measurement during treatment. Safety data were reviewed. Predictors of response were determined by comparing controlled versus uncontrolled patients. Results 109 patients [61 women; median age at diagnosis 34 years; 95.3% macroadenomas] from 10 Brazilian centers were studied. Previous treatment included surgery (89%), radiotherapy (34%), somatostatin receptor ligands (99%), and cabergoline (67%). Before PEGV, median levels of GH, IGF-I and IGF-I % of upper limit of normal were 4.3 µg/L, 613 ng/mL, and 209%, respectively. Pre-diabetes/diabetes was present in 48.6% and tumor remnant in 71% of patients. Initial dose was 10 mg/day in all except 4 cases, maximum dose was 30 mg/day, and median exposure time was 30.5 months. PEGV was used as monotherapy in 11% of cases. Normal IGF-I levels was obtained in 74.1% of patients. Glycemic control improved in 56.6% of patients with pre-diabetes/diabetes. Exposure time, pre-treatment GH and IGF-I levels were predictors of response. Tumor enlargement occurred in 6.5% and elevation of liver enzymes in 9.2%. PEGV was discontinued in 6 patients and 3 deaths unrelated to the drug were reported. Conclusions In a real-life scenario, PEGV is a highly effective and safe treatment for acromegaly patients not controlled with other therapies

Slit device for FOCCoS, PFS, Subaru

The Fiber Optical Cable and Connector System, FOCCoS, subsystem of the Prime Focus Spectrograph, PFS, for Subaru telescope, is responsible to feed four spectrographs with a set of optical fibers cables. The light injection for each spectrograph is assured by a convex curved slit with a linear array of 616 optical fibers. In this paper we present a design of a slit that ensures the right direction of the fibers by using masks of micro holes. This kind of mask is made by a technique called electroforming, which is able to produce a nickel plate with holes in a linear sequence. The precision error is around 1micron in the diameter and 1 micron in the positions of the holes. This nickel plate may be produced with a thickness between 50 and 200 microns, so it may be very flexible. This flexibility allows the mask to be bent into the shape necessary for a curved slit. The concept requires two masks, which we call Front Mask, and Rear Mask, separated by a gap that defines the thickness of the slit. The pitch and the diameter of the holes define the linear geometry of the slit; the curvature of each mask defines the angular geometry of the slit. Obviously, this assembly must be mounted inside a structure rigid and strong enough to be supported inside the spectrograph. This structure must have a CTE optimized to avoid displacement of the fibers or increased FRD of the fibers when the device is submitted to temperatures around 3 degrees Celsius, the temperature of operation of the spectrograph. We have produced two models. Both are mounted inside a very compact Invar case, and both have their front surfaces covered by a dark composite, to reduce stray light. Furthermore, we have conducted experiments with two different internal structures to minimize effects caused by temperature gradients

Characteristics of health professionals affected by Covid-19 : an integrative literature review

O objetivo do estudo consistiu em identificar as características de profissionais de saúde acometidos por Covid-19. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura guiada por seis etapas e que pesquisou cinco fontes de dados. Após o estabelecimento do fluxo de seleção do material levantado (N=5.522), determinou-se a amostra de artigos analisada (n=30). Desta, foram sintetizadas informações a respeito das características dos trabalhadores e relativas ao acometimento por Covid-19. Entre os estudos selecionados, foram compilados dados de 10.760 trabalhadores de saúde, predominantemente da equipe de enfermagem (27,3%) e médicos (13,2%). A maior parte (n=20; 66,6%) dos estudos atestou que os profissionais de saúde foram contaminados no ambiente de trabalho, principalmente hospitalar. A testagem por RT-PCR foi o principal método diagnóstico. Alguns estudos (n=16; 53,3%) relataram comorbidades prévias entre os trabalhadores. Os principais sintomas da Covid-19 nos profissionais de saúde acometidos foram: febre, tosse, fadiga e mialgia. Constataram-se características que remontam em perfil concentrado de enfermeiras e médicos contaminados no hospital. Essa realidade foi focalizada entre pesquisas transversais chinesas, italianas e estadunidenses.The objective of the study was to identify the characteristics of health professionals affected by Covid-19. It is an integrative literature review guided by six steps and which researched five data sources. After establishing the selected material flow (N=5,522), the analyzed sample of articles was determined (n=30). From this, information was summarized regarding the characteristics of the workers and related to getting sick by Covid-19. Among the selected studies, data from 10,760 health workers were compiled, predominantly nursing team (27.3%) and physicians (13.2%). Most (n=20; 66.6%) of the studies attested that health professionals were contaminated in the work environment, mainly in hospitals. RT-PCR testing was the main diagnostic method. Some studies (n=16; 53.3%) reported previous comorbidities among workers. The main symptoms of Covid-19 in affected health professionals were: fever, coughing, fatigue, and myalgia. Characteristics that go back to a concentrated profile of nurses and doctors contaminated in the hospital were found. This reality was focused on Chinese, Italian and North American cross-sectional research

Atividade inseticida de óleos essenciais de Pelargonium graveolens l'Herit e Lippia alba (Mill) N. E. Brown sobre Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith)

Insecticidal activity of essential oils of Pelargonium graveolens, Lippia alba and compounds geraniol, linalool, 1,8-cineole, limonene, carvone, citral and Azamax® were evaluated against Spodoptera frugiperda. Topical application assay showed essential oil of P. graveolens has acute toxicity against Spodoptera frugiperda larvae (third instar) with LD50 1.13 µg/mg per insect and LD90 2.56 µg/mg per insect. Three essential oils of L. alba also exhibited insecticidal activity with LD50 ranging from 1.20 to 1.56 µg/mg per insect and LD90 from 2.60 to 3.75 µg/mg per insect. Geraniol, linalool, carvone and citral caused significant mortality of 30, 90, 84 and 64% respectively, compared to negative control. The bioinsecticide, Azamax®, caused lower mortality than the compounds of the essential oils