REGIÃO FRONTEIRIÇA E EPIDEMIOLOGIA: ESTUDO DA ESPOROTRICOSE E SUA RELAÇÃO NA DINÂMICA DA FRONTEIRA BRASIL-BOLÍVIA

Fronteiras são espaços de permanências, e de passagens de diversas ordens: econômica, social, cultural, sanitárias, de circulação atmosférica, dentre outros. Em razão da especificidade das áreas fronteiriças e por se caracterizarem como regiões estratégicas para o controle de agravos, o desenvolvimento de políticas e ações direcionadas para essas regiões ganham caráter crucial nos programas de saúde de qualquer país. O artigo apresenta a discussão da epidemiologia em saúde, tendo como enfoque a esporotricose em área de fronteira, a fim de observar e avaliar o papel da proximidade entre os dois países e sua possível interferência no ciclo da doença

Mangrove bacterial diversity and the impact of oil contamination revealed by pyrosequencing:Bacterial proxies for oil pollution

BACKGROUND: Mangroves are transitional coastal ecosystems in tropical and sub-tropical regions and represent biologically important and productive ecosystems. Despite their great ecological and economic importance, mangroves are often situated in areas of high anthropogenic influence, being exposed to pollutants, such as those released by oil spills. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: A microcosm experiment was conducted, which simulated an oil spill in previously pristine mangrove sediment. The effect of the oil spill on the extant microbial community was studied using direct pyrosequencing. Extensive bacterial diversity was observed in the pristine mangrove sediment, even after oil contamination. The number of different OTUs only detected in contaminated samples was significantly higher than the number of OTUs only detected in non-contaminated samples. The phylum Proteobacteria, in particular the classes Gammaproteobacteria and Deltaproteobacteria, were prevalent before and after the simulated oil spill. On the other hand, the order Chromatiales and the genus Haliea decreased upon exposure to 2 and 5% oil, these are proposed as sensitive indicators of oil contamination. Three other genera, Marinobacterium, Marinobacter and Cycloclasticus increased their prevalence when confronted with oil. These groups are possible targets for the biomonitoring of the impact of oil in mangrove settings. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: We suggest the use of sequences of the selected genera as proxies for oil pollution, using qPCR assessments. The quantification of these genera in distinct mangrove systems in relation to the local oil levels would permit the evaluation of the level of perturbance of mangroves, being useful in field monitoring. Considering the importance of mangroves to many other environments and the susceptibility of such areas to oil spills this manuscript will be of broad interest

Seasonal influence on seminal pattern and freezability of pantaneiro bull semen

O objetivo deste experimento foi avaliar o efeito da época do ano sobre a biometria testicular e qualidade do sêmen fresco e congelado de touros Pantaneiros. Seis touros foram submetidos, mensalmente, durante um ano, à mensuração testicular e à coleta e congelamento do sêmen, utilizando-se meio à base de tris-gema-glicerol. O comprimento e o volume testiculares foram maiores (P 0,05). Conclui-se que touros Pantaneiros, na região do Distrito Federal, podem ser utilizados em programas de acasalamento natural em todas as épocas do ano. Visando ao enriquecimento do Banco Brasileiro de Germoplasma Animal com maior número de doses, sugere-se o congelamento do sêmen entre os meses de junho e agosto, embora este não apresente perda de qualidade nas diferentes épocas do ano.The purpose of this paper was to investigate the effect of the season of the year on testicular morphology, fresh and frozen/thawed semen quality from Pantaneiro bulls bred in Brasilia, DF. Six bulls were submitted, once a month for one year, to evaluation of testicular measurements, semen collection using an artificial vagina and cryopreserved with medium containing Tris-based, egg yolk and glycerol. The testicular length and volume were greater (P 0.05). In conclusion, Pantaneiro bulls, bred in the Midwest region of Brazil, can be used in natural mating programs in all seasons. Aiming to improve the Brazilian Animal Germplasm Bank with a higher number of samples collected, we suggest that the freezing of the semen is done between June and August, although there will be no losses of semen quality at any time

PREVALÊNCIA DE ANTICORPOS ANTILEPTOSPIRA EM MACHOS BOVINOS NA MICRORREGIÃO DE GOIÂNIA

Os objetivos deste experimento foram estudar a prevalência de soroaglutininas antileptospira em reprodutores bovinos na microrregião de Goiânia trabalhando com propriedades escolhidas de forma aleatória e quais os sorovares presentes e a taxa de prevalência dos mesmos. Estabelecer a correlação da prevalência com a aptidão do rebanho e a ocorrência de abortos nas propriedades. Foram analisadas 140 amostras da microregião de Goiânia (MG) referentes a 60 propriedades. A prevalência de sororeagentes foi 74,28% e apresentaram títulos com variação de diluição de 1:100 a 1:800. A prevalência dos sorovares, presentes na microrregião de Goiânia, foi a seguinte: wolffi (19,23%); hardjo (15,38%); djasiman e grippotyphosa (5,76%); shermani (4,80%); patoc (1,92%); andamana, castellonis, copenhageni, hebdomadis, sentot e tarassovi (0,96%).Com os resultados obtidos foi possível concluir que o agente está endemicamente distribuído na região e não houve relação entre a prevalência e a aptidão do rebanho ou a ocorrência de abortos. PALAVRAS- CHAVES: Bovinos, leptospirose, touros, prevalência

USO DE SIMULADORES, MODELOS ARTIFICIAIS E MÉTODOS ALTERNATIVOS COMO RECURSOS DE ENSINO NA SEMIOTÉCNICA DE ENFERMAGEM VETERINÁRIA - RESULTADOS PARCIAIS

O processo de ensino-aprendizagem e o perfil do estudante de Medicina Veterináriaestão em constante evolução e existe a necessidade de atender o recomendadopelos órgãos regulatórios da educação e profissão de Médico Veterinário. Esteprojeto atende a curricularização da extensão e a interdisciplinaridade. Na disciplinautilizaram-se ferramentas de ensino como simuladores e manequins preconizando onão uso de animais vivos com eficácia no aprendizado. Realizou-se a ação deextensão “Feira da Profissão de Medicina Veterinária” com os alunos do ensinomédio da escola de Araquari divulgando o curso de Medicina Veterinária e IFCcontribuindo na formação humanística deste veterinário

Growth curve of locally adapted pantaneiro cows raised under natural conditions

The objective of this study was to use morphometric and ultrasound evaluations to estimate the growth curve of the Pantaneiro cattle breed, raised in its natural habitat, aiming at the re-insertion of this breed in production systems. One hundred and three females, aging from months to 11 years, and raised on native pastures, were evaluated. The animals belonged to the Conservation Nucleus of Embrapa Pantanal, located in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso do Sul (Brazil). Weight, thoracic perimeter (TP), body length (BL), rump height (RH), height at withers (HW), hip height (HH), depth (DP), distance between the ilia (DI) (cm) and rib-eye area (REA) were measured. To relate the measurements with the age of the animals, the univariate regression model was used, assigning the variable response to gamma distribution. The Pearson correlation between variables was also estimated. The inflection point of the growth curve was 37 months for HH; between 38 and 39 months for TP and HW; between 40 and 41 months for DI, HH and DP; and 45 months for BL. The REA results could not fit in a statistical model. The majority of the variables presented a correlation above 60% among themselves, except for REA × Age, of 15.81%; REA × HW, of 34.44%; HH × Age, of 46.19; HH × DI, of 58.07%; REA × HH, of 24.57%; and REA × TP, of 39.9%. The cows showed maturity age at 40 months, which may have occurred because they were raised in natural farming conditions. In Pantaneiro cows reared in extensive systems only on natural pastures, the use of ultrasound is not effective to estimate the curve of muscular development, perhaps because this breed was not selected for weight gain

The genetic ancestry of American Creole cattle inferred from uniparental and autosomal genetic markers

Cattle imported from the Iberian Peninsula spread throughout America in the early years of discovery and colonization to originate Creole breeds, which adapted to a wide diversity of environments and later received influences from other origins, including zebu cattle in more recent years. We analyzed uniparental genetic markers and autosomal microsatellites in DNA samples from 114 cattle breeds distributed worldwide, including 40 Creole breeds representing the whole American continent, and samples from the Iberian Peninsula, British islands, Continental Europe, Africa and American zebu. We show that Creole breeds differ considerably from each other, and most have their own identity or group with others from neighboring regions. Results with mtDNA indicate that T1c-lineages are rare in Iberia but common in Africa and are well represented in Creoles from Brazil and Colombia, lending support to a direct African influence on Creoles. This is reinforced by the sharing of a unique Y-haplotype between cattle from Mozambique and Creoles from Argentina. Autosomal microsatellites indicate that Creoles occupy an intermediate position between African and European breeds, and some Creoles show a clear Iberian signature. Our results confirm the mixed ancestry of American Creole cattle and the role that African cattle have played in their development

The genetic ancestry of american creole cattle inferred from uniparental and autosomal genetic markers.

Cattle imported from the Iberian Peninsula spread throughout America in the early years of discovery and colonization to originate Creole breeds, which adapted to a wide diversity of environments and later received influences from other origins, including zebu cattle in more recent years. We analyzed uniparental genetic markers and autosomal microsatellites in DNA samples from 114 cattle breeds distributed worldwide, including 40 Creole breeds representing the whole American continent, and samples from the Iberian Peninsula, British islands, Continental Europe, Africa and American zebu. We show that Creole breeds differ considerably from each other, and most have their own identity or group with others from neighboring regions. Results with mtDNA indicate that T1c-lineages are rare in Iberia but common in Africa and are well represented in Creoles from Brazil and Colombia, lending support to a direct African influence on Creoles. This is reinforced by the sharing of a unique Y-haplotype between cattle from Mozambique and Creoles from Argentina. Autosomal microsatellites indicate that Creoles occupy an intermediate position between African and European breeds, and some Creoles show a clear Iberian signature. Our results confirm the mixed ancestry of American Creole cattle and the role that African cattle have played in their development