“Investment management” – A study on Social Islami Bank Limited, Baryarhat branch, Chittagong

This internship report is submitted in a partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Business Administration, 2016.Cataloged from PDF version of Internship report.Includes bibliographical references (page 61).Social Islami Bank Limited (SIBL), Baryarhat Branch commenced its commercial operation in accordance with principle of Islamic Shariah on the 15th October 2010 under the Bank Companies Act, 1991. SIBL has already made significant progress within a very short period of its existence. The purpose of the bank is to become “The Bank of Choice” in the communities. The formal corporate sector, Social Islami bank ltd. would, among others, offer the most up-to date banking services through opening of various types of deposit and investment accounts, financing trade, providing letters of guarantee, opening letters of credit, collection of bills effecting domestic and international transfer, leasing of equipment and consumer durables, hire purchase and installment sale for capital goods, investment in low-cost housing and management of real estates, participatory investment in various industrial, agricultural , transport, educational and health projects and so on. In the Non-formal non-corporate sector, it would, among others, involve in cash Waqf Certificate and development and management of WAQF and MOSQUE properties, and Trust funds. In Islamic shariah investment is the action of deploying funds with the intention and expectation that they will earn a positive return for the owner. Funds may be invested in either real assets or financial assets. The purchase of legal right to receive income in the form of capital gains or dividends would be indicative if financial investments. When money is deposited with an Islamic bank, in turn, make investments if different forms approved by the Islamic shariah with the intent to earn a profit. Not only a bank, but also an individual or organization can use Islamic modes of investment to earn profits for wealth maximization. Investment is the most profitable as most risky function performed by SIBL. Thestudy is related to investment management of SIBL, Baryarhat Branch. There are eight chapters in thisstudy First chapter is related to “Background of the Study”. In this chapter there are purpose of theStudy, Methodology, sources of data & limitation of the report. Second chapter is related to “Overview of the SIBL”.I tried to give a idea about overview of SIBL. It is an interest free bank. It operates the banking system on the basis of Islamic Shariah. Third chapter is related to “Introduction to Investment Facilities” of SIBL. This chapter mainly discusses about the Processing of Investment,selection criteria etc. Fourth chapter is related with the “Security of Investment of SIBL”. In this chapter definition of Security, Security valuation, types of security are discussed. Fifth chapter is related to “Different Modes of Investment of SIBL”. This chapter mainly is discussed about the activities of Investment Modes from different view point. Sixth Chapter is related to “SME investment Mode of SIBL”. What is SME, different SME mode, Approval Chart of SME etc. have been discussed. Seventh chapter is related to “Performance Evaluation of SIBL Through Investment Data”. In this chapter different charts and diagram are used for analyzing the data. Eightchaptersis related to identify problems & to suggest necessary measures to overcome theidentified problem and also SWOT analysis. The department of SIBL,BaryarhatBranch is running efficient hands but some problems have been identified from investment sector. To overcome these problems, SIBLmay follow those suggestions to provide better services to the customer.Saifur RahamanM. Business Administratio

ENV-651: HIGHLY EFFECTIVE ELECTRO-FENTON OXIDATION TREATMENT FOR CONCENTRATED BREWERY WASTEWATER

The brewing industry typically produces 3-10 liters of wastewater per liter of beer produced which contains sugars, soluble starch, ethanol, and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and is typically characterized by 2,000-20,000 mg/L COD, 200-3,000 mg/L total suspended solids (TSS), and 10-124 mg/L phosphorus. In this study, the high strength brewery wastewater was treated with a multi-plated (BDD/Graphite) electrolysis cell configuration with Fenton’s reagent in a galvanostatic mode of operation. A novel cell configuration with five electrode plates (BDD/Graphite), which provide a higher current/voltage ratio than the conventional three plate configuration, was used in this study to provide more surface for anodic ·OH production, as well as electrical regeneration of Fe2+ at the cathode. The test was performed with cathodically generated in-situ H2O2 and externally added H2O2 to determine the optimal dose for the overall process. The ·OH formed by Fenton’s reaction, as well as anodic oxidation, degraded the organic matter present in the wastewater. This hybrid treatment method enables the brewery to meet the requirements of the wastewater discharged into the municipal system at a shorter time with higher treatment efficiency than the conventional treatment processes. All the experiments in this study were performed in a controlled environment which showed removal efficiency of as much as 90.5% of COD at an H2O2 dose of 0.1 mM with a Fe2+/ H2O2 ratio (w/w) of 17. Fe2+/ H2O2 ratios higher or lower than this value showed lower COD removal efficiency with higher energy consumption, which might be the effect of parasitic reactions of ·OH. The next step of the research will focus on optimization of the overall process including current intensity, Fe2+ concentration, and cell configuration, as well as the quantification of ·OH production

Crossflow electrochemical filtration for elimination of ibuprofen and bisphenol a from pure and competing electrolytic solution conditions

For the first time, a crossflow electrochemical filtration system containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) blended with buckypaper as a flat sheet dual membrane electrode was investigated for the removal of two contaminants of emerging concern, Ibuprofen and Bisphenol A. Breakthrough experiments revealed that a crossflow configuration could be highly efficient in eliminating both contaminants at applied DC potentials of 2 and 3 V over an extended period, from pure salt electrolyte as well as from synthetic secondary wastewater effluent. The shear flow provided consistent surface coverage resulting in excellent sorption performance. The long residence time of the two contaminants within the membrane (18.3 s) was sufficient enough to allow for almost complete degradation of phenolic aromatic products and quinoid rings and the resulting formation of aliphatic carboxylic acids, which was more evident at a higher applied potential (3 V). The formation of the non-toxic aliphatic carboxylic acids is a clear indication of the superior electrochemical performance of the crossflow mode over the dead-end flow-through system. Moreover, this study provides an in-depth understanding of different factors such as filter surface area and residence time that can greatly affect the removal of the contaminants considered

A Belief Rule Based Expert System for Datacenter PUE Prediction under Uncertainty

A rapidly emerging trend in the IT landscape is the uptake of large-scale datacenters moving storage and data processing to providers located far away from the end-users or locally deployed servers. For these large-scale datacenters, power efficiency is a key metric, with the PUE (Power Usage Effectiveness) and DCiE (Data Centre infrastructure Efficiency) being important examples. This article proposes a belief rule based expert system to predict datacenter PUE under uncertainty. The system has been evaluated using real-world data from a data center in the UK. The results would help planning construction of new datacenters and the redesign of existing datacenters making them more power efficient leading to a more sustainable computing environment. In addition, an optimal learning model for the BRBES demonstrated which has been compared with ANN and Genetic Algorithm; and the results are promising

3-D CFD-PBM coupled modeling and experimental investigation of struvite precipitation in a batch stirred reactor

A general model has been developed to elucidate the precipitation of struvite crystals in a batch stirred tank reactor. The model, which evaluates reactor performance, also predicts crystal size distribution (CSD) over time by considering the hydrodynamic, thermodynamic, and kinetic aspects of solution in the reactor. A Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model was coupled with Population Balance Modeling (PBM) to model the growth of crystals in the reactor. A thermodynamic equilibrium model for struvite precipitation was consolidated with the reactor model. While the equilibrium model provided information on supersaturation development, the coupled CFD-PBM model captured the crystal growth kinetics and the influence of the reactor hydrodynamics on the overall process. Size distribution is crucial as it determines distinct grades of final struvite crystals, which are to be used as commercial fertilizer. In the simulation, the CFD flow field was solved through a Eulerian multiphase approach and RNG-k-ɛ turbulence model. The population balance equation was solved using a discretized form of the continuous partial differential equation, which transformed the continuous partial differential equation into finite ordinary differential equations as per size classes, which were then solved simultaneously. The growth rate, as a function of the supersaturation index (SI), was employed in the model through User Defined Function. The mean, standard deviation, and skewness of the model predicted CSD after 50 minutes were 20.81 μm, 9.61 μm, and 2.97, respectively and for the experimental CSD were 19.66 μm, 7.13 μm, and 2.46, respectively. The predicted peak-size percent fraction revealed a deviation from experimental results of 1.42%, 0.05%, 2.43%, 14.6%, 11.2%, 11.7%, 13.6%, and 14.2% at 0, 3, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 min, respectively

IN VITRO EVALUATION OF THE ANTIMICROBIAL, TOXIC, ANTI-ARTHRITIC AND THROMBOLYTIC PROPERTIES OF DIFFERENT PARTS OF PLANT ORCHID RHYNCHOSTYLIS RETUSA (L.) BLUME.

Background: Infection due to microbes, trauma, cancer, arthritis and thrombosis are the most common problems worldwide. Traditionally, a large number of herbal extracts are used for the treatment of those disorders. Aim: Ethanolic extracts from leaves, roots and stems of Rhynchostylis retusa (L.) Blume were phytochemically characterised and then tested for their antibacterial, toxicity, anti-arthritic, and thrombolytic properties in-vitro. Methods and Results: Disk diffusion inhibition tests with a panel of fourteen different microorganisms was used as the antimicrobial assays. Antimicrobial activity of the stem extract found to be higher (10-11 mm, 400 µg/disk) than that of root extract whereas leaf showed no activity with ciprofloxacin (43-46 mm, 5 µg/disc) serving as reference standard. Toxicity of the plant extracts in terms of their LC50 values against the brine shrimp (A. salina) was assessed. The toxic potential of leaf extract was 6.7 μg/ml, which is higher than that of stem and root extract (c.a. 8.5 μg/ml). Thrombolytic properties were tested in vitro using streptokinase as reference (%Clot lysis after 1.5h & 24h was 76.15±1.94 & 92.59±2.35, 30000iu). The leaf extract exhibited higher activity. Leaf extract (1000 ppm) lysed of 33.08±1.24% of the clot and 60.47±2.33 after 1.5 h and 24 h of incubation, respectively. Anti-arthritic effects measured as albumin denaturation using diclofenac sodium as reference (IC50=60.25 ppm) revealed the stem extract as more active. Conclusion: our research will help to provide evidence for some of the traditional uses of this medicinal plant

An Approach to Evaluate Anti-arthritic and Thrombolytic Activity of Different parts of Solanum torvum Sw. (Solanaceae) and Smilax zeylanica L. (Liliaceae)

Phytochemical screening of chloroform and methanolic extracts of different parts of Solanum torvum and Smilax zeylanica was done. In vitro thrombolytic and anti-arthritic activities were assessed using the clot lysis method and egg albumin denaturation technique respectively. Between the chloroform and methanolic extracts, Chloroform extracts of both plants showed higher clot lysis activities (at 100 ppm solution). On the other hand, extracts of both plants performed better in terms of anti-arthritic activities (at 500 ppm solution). In the case of thrombolytic activity, between the plant extracts, the performance of S. torvum is higher compared to S. zeylanica plant. Among chloroform extracts of different plant parts, stem of S. torvum and root of S. zeylanica showed the highest, 35.44±1.89 % and 33.63±0.83 % activities respectively. Whereas, among the methanolic extracts of the plants, the root extracts of both plants showed the highest activities, 31.96±2.86 % for S. torvum and 32.01±1.46 % for S. zeylanica. In the case of anti-arthritic activity, the performance of S. zeylanica plant extracts is higher compared to that of S. torvum. Methanolic extract of leaf of S. zeylanica samples showed the best protein denaturation activity (52.38±2.12 %) followed by the Methanolic extract of stem sample of S. torvum  (44.29±2.14 %)

Effect of Combination of Natural Dyes and the Blocking Layer on the Performance of DSSC

Over the years, researchers have been working on replacing sensitized dye for dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC), because of its low production cost, biodegradability, and non-toxicity. However, the overall performance of natural dye-based DSSCs is low compared to the DSSCs sensitized with Ruthenium based dyes. The combination of natural dyes with an optimized choice of the extracting solvents and the proper volume ratio of mixture of the dyes, enhances inherent properties, such as absorption and adsorption of the dyes. It also allows the device to utilize photon energy more efficiently over the entire visible wavelength. As a result, DSSC sensitized with the dye mixture shows higher absorbance, and cumulative absorption properties over the whole visible region than the DSSC fabricated with individual dyes and showed higher photocurrent. Another effective way to improve cell efficiency is by using a blocking layer. The blocking layer increases the photocurrent, is mainly due to the improvement of the electron recombination at the transparent conducting oxide/electrolyte interfaces. Also, the blocking layer’s compact structure creates an effective pathway for electron transportation; thus, the device’s photocurrent increases. Additionally, a slight improvement in the open-circuit voltage and fill factor was observed, thus cell efficiency enhances significantly. By both the proper ratio of dye mixture and the blocking layer improves cell performance of DSSC and opens a new pathway for future studies

Phosphorus recovery from wastewater through struvite crystallization in a fluidized bed reactor : kinetics, hydrodynamics and performance

Struvite crystallization from wastewater, using a novel fluidized bed reactor developed at UBC, offers a significant reduction (80—90%) of soluble phosphate from waste streams and generates a product that can be reused as a slow release fertilizer. To implement this green technology at a plant scale, a reactor model that incorporates process kinetics, thermodynamics and the system hydrodynamics, is required. Therefore, the main objectives of this dissertation were to study the struvite precipitation kinetics, thermodynamics, and fluidization characteristics of the struvite crystals bed, and finally, develop a model based on this information. Both dissolution and precipitation experiments were carried out in a jar test apparatus to study the solubility and precipitation kinetics of struvite. The struvite solubility product, pKsp values were found to vary from 13.43—14.10, for different water and wastewater samples tested at 20°C. Also, a correlation was developed to estimate struvite solubility at different temperatures. In struvite precipitation experiments, the operating conditions of supersaturation, pH, Mg:P ratio, mixing and seeding conditions were varied to identify the effect of those process parameters on the precipitation kinetics. The kinetic rate constant increases with increasing both the supersaturation and Mg:P ratios. Both the mixing energy and seeding rate were found to have minimal effect on ortho-P removal. Detailed experimental and numerical investigations of the fluidization characteristics of struvite crystals were performed. The bed expansion behaviour of mono-sized struvite crystals can be represented reasonably well by the Richardson-Zaki relation and the expansion characteristics of poly-dispersed struvite crystals bed can be predicted by the ‘serial model’. The CFD simulated bed expansion behaviour of the crystals bed was found to be consistent with the experimental results. Also, CFD simulations were capable of capturing the mixing/segregation behavior of a fluidized-bed of multi-particle stnivite crystals. Finally, a mathematical model was developed by assuming a complete segregation of the bed crystals and liquid movement as plug flow in the reactor. The model predictions provided a reasonably good fit with the experimental results for both P0₄-P and NH₄-N removal. The model predicted mean size of product crystals matched reasonably well with pilot scale experimental results.Applied Science, Faculty ofCivil Engineering, Department ofGraduat