Improvement of purifying systems of the pile of roots of chicory

Is given the analysis of the design features and technological process of operating of the screw working bodies which is intended for separation of impurities from roots of chicory. On the basis of identification of structural models of screw working bodies is made the classification of screw cleaners by accepted the criteria of the systematization. The typical constructive-technological disadvantages of the main existing types of combined purifying systems are analyzed. The major trends of development of screw mechanisms and directions of improvement of combined sewage systems of the pile roots of chicory with using of screw cleaners are proved.Key words: the pile of roots, screw working bodies, classification, combined cleaners, cleaning roller, round section, cleaning elastic elements.  Наведено аналіз конструктивних особливостей і технологічних процесів функціонування шнекових робочих органів, призначених для відокремлення домішок від коренеплодів цикорію. На основі ідентифікації структурних моделей гвинтових робочих органів розроблено класифікацію шнекових очисників за встановленими критеріями систематизації. Проаналізовано характерні конструктивно-технологічні недоліки основних існуючих типів комбінованих очисних систем вороху коренеплодів. Обгрунтовано основні тенденції розвитку гвинтових механізмів і напрямки вдосконалення комбінованих очисних систем вороху коренеплодів цикорію з використанням шнекових очисників.Ключові слова: ворох коренеплодів, шнекові робочі органи, класифікація, комбіновані очисники, очисні вальці, круглий переріз, очисні пружні елементи

Improving of exploitation systems of electric and thermal equipments of biogas installations

Обґрунтовано застосування електротермічного обладнання і водяних теплоакумулюючих установок замість теплових систем, які працюють на біогазі. Запропоновано методику зменшення експлуатаційних витрат електротермічного обладнання біогазових установок шляхом удосконалення планування робіт з їх технічного обслуговування і поточного ремонту.It is discussed the applying of electric and thermal equipments and water heat accumulatoring installations instead of thermal systems, which work on biogas. It is suggested the methods of decreasing of exploitations expenses of electric and thermal equipments of biogas installations by improving of planned works on its technical equipment and maintenance

Implementation of International Standards for Determining an Efficient Civil Law Remedy by a National Court

The article is devoted to studying the effectiveness of protection of violated, unrecognised or disputed rights, freedoms or interests of individuals, rights and interests of legal entities, the interests of the state in civil proceedings. The purpose of the article is to study how to implement international standards for determining an efficient civil law remedy by the court: (based on the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights and national case law). Clarification of the essence of novels of substantive and procedural law in determining the court's effective way to protect private law as the final judicial procedure of the right to judicial protection was by comparative law, methods of analysis, modelling and synthesis with the implementation of related elements of classical methods of protection and reception of the best acquisitions of legal systems of foreign countries, norms of the Convention of the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights (from now on – ECtHR). The dialectical method of cognition and the qualitative empirical method were also the main ones, by means of which the legal nature of the category "efficiency" and "determination by the court of an effective way of protection of private law and interest" were clarified. Keywords: Litigation, the remedy of private law, international standards, ECtHR, ECHR

Influence of subclinical hypothyroidism on indicators of 24-hour arterial blood pressure monitoring in hypertensive patients with high additional risk

Significant prevalence of arterial hypertension (40 % of the adult population) and unsatisfactory level of high blood pressure adequate control (only 14 % of the urban and 8 % of the rural population in Ukraine) underlines the need to study the factors influencing AH course and contributing to a lack of antihypertensive therapy efficacy. One of such factors is subclinical hypothyroidism (SH). Aim. To study Influence of subclinical hypothyroidism on indicators of 24-hour arterial blood pressure monitoring in hypertensive patients with high additional risk. Materials and methods. After signing of written informed consent for the study, 124 patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and 16 practically healthy people (control group) were involved. The main group included 32 AH patients (women 87.5 % (n = 28), men 12.5 % (n = 4)) with moderately elevated thyroid stimulating hormone level (TSH) (4.0–15.6 μD/ml) and normal levels of thyroid hormones. The comparison group consisted of 92 AH patients (women 81.52 % (n = 75), men 18.48 % (n = 17)) with normal levels of TSH (0.4–4.0 μD/ml). The groups of patients were matched for age (54.16 ± 10.16) years versus (57.69 ± 9.76) years, (P = 0.093), sex (P = 0.4319), height (P = 0.993), weight (P = 0.719), body surface area (P = 0.901), body mass index (P = 0.669). All patients underwent a combined 24-hour blood pressure monitoring and ECG using a “Cardiology-04-AD-3” device (St. Petersburg, RF). Results. AH patients with or without concomitant SH were of comparable mean daytime and nighttime indices of SBP and DPB, indicators of SBP and DBP variability, PBP, indices for hypertension and hypotension, circadian indices, indices of percentage SBP and DBP increases, SBP and DBP load (with the exception of daytime SBP load). Patients with AH and SH, in contrast to AH patients without SH, tended to have 8.5 % (P < 0.05) higher indices of daytime SBP load, and 19.3 % (P < 0.05) lower daytime DBP hypotension index. Conclusions. AH patients with or without concomitant SH are comparable by the vast majority of ABPM indicators. However, in AH patients with concomitant SH, unlike those without SH, a larger daytime SBP load and a lower daytime DBP hypotension index were detected

Bulk-boundary correspondence in three dimensional topological insulators

We discuss the relation between bulk topological invariants and the spectrum of surface states in three dimensional non-interacting topological insulators. By studying particular models, and considering general boundary conditions for the electron wavefunction on the crystal surface, we demonstrate that using experimental techniques that probe surface states, only strong topological and trivial insulating phases can be distinguished; the latter state being equivalent to a weak topological insulator. In a strong topological insulator, only the {\it parity} of the number of surface states, but not the number itself, is robust against time-reversal invariant boundary perturbations. Our results suggest a \z definition of the bulk-boundary correspondence, compatible with the \z classification of topological insulators.Comment: TeXLive (Unix), revtex4-1, 7 pages, 3 figure

Microstructure and mechanical properties of V–Cr–Zr alloy with carbide and oxide strengthening

A comparative study of the effectiveness of carbide and oxide types of strengthening of V–Cr–Zr alloy was carried out by means of a comprehensive certification of structural-phase state parameters and measuring the mechanical properties characteristics. It has been shown that the use of chemical-heat treatment contributes to a significant increase in the thermal stability of the microstructure and mechanical properties of V–Cr–Zr alloy in comparison with carbide strengthening under the conditions of thermomechanical treatment. A controlled increase in the volume fraction of fine particles based on ZrO2, along with an increase in the concentration of oxygen in the solid solution, leads to a decrease in the rate of oxides coagulation and an increase in the thermal stability of high disperse heterophase structure. These effects contribute to the retention of high defect structural states with nonzero values of crystal lattice curvature even after high-temperature (0.67 Tmelt) anneals. The high efficiency of dispersion and substructural strengthening is a consequence of blocking dislocation slip by fine particles stabilized by oxygen in a solid solution

Microstructure and mechanical properties of vanadium alloys after thermomechanical treatments

The results of investigation of dispersion strengthening effect on parameters of structural-phase states and characteristics of short-term strength and ductility of vanadium alloys of V–4Ti–4Cr, V–2.4Zr–0.25C, V–1.2Zr–8.8Cr and V–1.7Zr–4.2Cr–7.6W systems with different concentration of interstitial elements after optimized thermomechanical treatment mode were summarized. It was shown that for effective realization of dispersion strengthening by Orowan-type mechanism at least 25–50% of the initial volume fraction of coarse particles should be transformed into fine-disperse state and redistributed over the volume of material