THE IMPACT OF EMPLOYEE COMMITMENT ORIENTATION ON FIRM PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM SOFTWARE BUSINESSES IN THAILAND

In the current, complex business environment, many organizations face increasing pressure about high competition in both the industrial and service sectors. In addition, high working competition of employees rises in the organizations around the world. Consequently, people often seek jobs and switch work more in the present. Employee commitment is a hot issue for both executive managers and researchers. Furthermore, it is an important role that improves competitive advantage and organizational performance. The organizations have concentrated on the approaches and techniques to make employees feel committed, honest and willing in the workplace. Thus, this research purposes to examine the relationship of employee commitment orientation and firm performance. Therefore, organizational outcomes are more particular, including organizational citizenship behavior, organizational creativity, organizational innovation, organizational excellence, business competitiveness and firm performance, which are proposed to have positive relationships with all constructs. The data were collected from a survey of 113 software businesses in Thailand. The results indicate that employee commitment orientation is strongly supported with all of consequences including organizational citizenship behavior, business competitiveness and firm performance. Likewise, the researchers develop a conceptual framework in this research that considers the characteristics of employee commitment orientation and outcomes. Finally, theoretical and managerial contributions, conclusion, and suggestions for future research are also interesting to be discussed

Subaqueous volcaniclastic successions in the Middle Triassic of Western Hungary

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Fuzzy evaluation of statistically based generalized mechanical functions

In mechanical design engineers many times have to find the kind of parameters which are not known but must be realistic. To make this case even harder sometimes ambiguous parameters have to be evaluated. This paper introduces two mathematical methods to find the optimal parameters of the mechanical functions. Fuzzy method helps the evaluation of the mechanical functions and their combinations. The statistically based generalized function models provide realistic input for this fuzzy evaluation. Both methods are easy to convert into algorithm and they are tested in an up to date design task

Quantitative EEG studies in drug-free and treated states of patients with epilepsy

Megváltozott, elsősorban kóros mértékben fokozott neuronális szinkronizáció jellemzi az epilepsziás beteg agyát. A fokozott rohamkészség és EEG-szinkronizáció interiktális állapotban is fennáll. Kvantitatív EEG vizsgálatok érzékenyen jelzik az EEG-szinkronizáció mértékének változását, ezért alkalmasak az interiktális állapot jellemzésére és az EEG-szinkronizációt befolyásoló gyógyszerek hatásának vizsgálatára. A LORETA(Low Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography) forráslokalizáló módszer az agykérgi, szinkron aktiválódó neuron populációkat három dimenzióban ábrázolja. Alkalmas a kóros agykérgi aktivitás forrásainak lokalizációjára epilepsziás betegekben. 1. Első vizsgálatunkban idiopátiás generalizált epilepsziás betegekben a lamotrigin monoterápia ébrenléti EEG-háttértevékenységre kifejtett hatását vizsgáltuk kvantitatív EEG-vel. Eredményeink azt mutatták, hogy a lamotrigin az EEG-háttértevékenység spektrális összetételét részlegesen normalizálja. A lamotrigin aktivitás-függő módon csökkentette a patológiás kortikális szinkronizációt a rohammentessé tett betegekben. 2. Második vizsgálatunkban idiopátiás generalizált epilepsziás (IGE) betegekben LORETA EEG forráslokalizáló módszerrel lokalizáltuk a lamotrigin agykérgi hatását kezeletlen és sikeresen kezelt állapotban. A théta és alfa sávban csökkent aktivitást észleltünk kezelt állapotban, a kezeletlenhez képest. A hatás az agykéreg hátsó területeiben volt statisztikailag szignifikáns. Vizsgálatunkkal igazoltuk, hogy a lamotrigin számos olyan kérgi területben csökkentette a théta aktivitást, amelyekben egy, kezeletlen IGE betegekkel végzett korábbi tanulmány során abnormálisan fokozott théta aktivitást mutattunk ki. 3. Harmadik tanulmányunkban középkorú vagy idős, súlyosan beteg személyekben jelentkező absence statusban észlelt generalizált tüske-hullám EEG aktivitás legmagasabb mértékben szinkronizált kortikális generátorainak lokalizálását végeztük LORETA forráslokalizáló módszerrel. Az EEG funkcionális konnektivitást LORETA Source Correlation módszerrel vizsgáltuk. Az 1-6 Hz frekvenciasávban a legnagyobb mértékben szinkronizált kérgi generátorok a limbikus rendszerhez tartozó frontális és temporális kérgi területekre lokalizálódtak. A 12-14 Hz frekvenciasávban az abnormális mértékben szinkronizált források az antero-mediális frontális kéreg területére estek. The epileptic brain is characterized by changed, primarily abnormally increased neuronal synchronization. Increased seizure liability and EEG synchronization also exist in the interictal state. Quantitative EEG examinations sensitively show the changes of the rate of the EEG synchronization, therefore they are suitable for the characterization of the interictal state and for the investigation of the effect of EEG synchronization modifying drugs. The Low Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography (LORETA) EEG source localization method demonstrates the synchronously activated cortical neuronal populations in the three-dimensional space. LORETA is eligible for localizing the generators of the pathological cortical activity in epileptic patients. 1. In our first study the effect of lamotrigine monotherapy on the waking EEG background activity was investigated in patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy by using quantitative EEG. Our results showed that lamotrigine partially normalized the spectral composition of EEG background activity. Lamotrigine decreased the pathological cortical synchronization in a use-dependent manner in treated, seizure-free patients. 2. In our second study we localized the cortical effect of lamotrigine in idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) patients before, and after successful treatment using LORETA EEG source localization method. Decreased activity in the theta and alpha bands was observed in the treated group compared to the untreated one. The effect in the posterior parts of the cortex was statistically significant. We demonstrated that lamotrigine decreased the theta activity in several cortical sites, where abnormally increased theta activity was previously found in untreated IGE patients. 3. In our third study we localized the uppermost synchronized cortical generators of the generalized spike-wave activity in absence status of middle-aged or old, severely ill patients using LORETA source localization method. The EEG functional connectivity was investigated by LORETA Source Correlation method. The uppermost synchronized cortical generators of 1-6 Hz frequency band were localized in the frontal and temporal cortical areas belonging to the limbic system. In the 12-14 Hz frequency band the abnormally synchronized generators were found in the antero-medial frontal cortex.d

New diagnostic approaches to monitor irrigating fluid absorption

New diagnostic approaches to monitor irrigating fluid absorption Rinsing the endoscopic operating field with an irrigating solution entails the risk of absorption of the fluid. The physiological consequences of such absorption are explored and two new methods for monitoring the amount of absorption are proposed. Methods: Paper 1: 25 anesthetized pigs were randomized to control or continuous infusion of 100 ml/kg over 90 min of either glycine 1.5%, mannitol 3% or mannitol 5%. Several invasive measurements and calculations were performed to describe the pathophysiological processes. Paper 2: Exhaled air nitrous oxide (N2O) concentrations were measured in 12 volunteers receiving intravenous infusions, containing dissolved nitrous oxide and simulating fluid absorption. Paper 3: Comparison of N2O and ethanol for detecting absorption in 86 patients, at 2 centres, undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in spinal anesthesia. Paper 4: A 3-part evaluation of glucose as a tracer in fluid absorption detection. Part 1 was a clinical study in 250 patients undergoing TURP with and without a glucose-containing irrigant. Part 2 investigated the glucose kinetics in 10 volunteers receiving 20 ml/kg of acetated Ringer's solution with 1% glucose over 30 min. In part 3, data was used for computer simulations of various absorption patterns. Results: (Paper 1): Infusions rendered a hypokinetic hypotensive state. Intracellular volume expansion, intracranial pressure elevation and myocardial damage were greater for glycine 1.5%. (Paper 2): N2O is a useful tracer for noninvasive fluid absorption monitoring. It identifies the pattern and the volume of absorption with a 95% predicition interval of ± 200 ml. (Paper 3): The N2O method is feasible in a clinical setting. Agreement with the ethanol method was volume dependent and about twice that of N2O versus known volume. (Paper 4): Sodium and glucose showed a strong inverse linear relation for all patients including diabetics. The glucose levels almost doubled after the experimental infusions, which volume diluted the plasma by 17.7%. Simulations showed that the infused volume correlated with the rise in glucose where an increase by more than 1.4 mmol/L could detect absorption with 95% confidence. Conclusion: The pathophysiological process and treatment rationale of massive nonelectrolytic irrigating fluid absorption was outlined. The N2O method allows noninvasive online monitoring of irrigating fluid absorption with better resolution and similar or better prediction of absorbed volume compared to the ethanol method. Glucose can be used as a tracer for retrospective evaluation of irrigating fluid absorption

A New Mathematical Method for Pattern Development

The specialty of the patterns is that they are present in many disciplines, even our world is organized by them. The application of a regular structure in the field of product design may also open new possibilities. An automatized pattern can be used in many industries, such as interior design, paper industry, and so on. In this article we can see an example for utilization in electronic industry. The innovation is the pattern applied to the product, which was created with a new mathematical method. The goal was to develop a fully automatized general method. The description of the Generalized Design Pattern Vector (GDPV) which contains the functions of geometric transformations is also included

Practical Implementation of Second Generation Wavelet Transformation on 2D Images by Transformation Matrixes

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Triász platform- és medencefáciesek kapcsolata a Pilis vonulatban = Relationship between Triassic platform and basin facies of the Pilis Range

A Pilis Dachsteini Mészkő kifejlődését peritidális és sekély szubtidális rétegtagokból felépülő, ciklusos rétegsor jellemzi, amely a biosztratigráfiai vizsgálatok szerint a nori emeletbe tartozik. A Dachsteini-platform pereméhez közeli lejtőfáciest lito- és bioklasztokból, valamint bekérgezett szemcsékből álló durvaszemcsés üledék alkotja, amely alatt a platformlagúnára és a medencére jellemző kagylók viharok által átülepített kokvinái együtt fordulnak elő. A Dachsteini Mészkővel részben heteropikus Feketehegyi Mészkő rétegsorát disztális tempesztit- és medencefáciesű rétegek váltakozása építi fel. A Feketehegyi Mészkőben található átülepített zöldalga-töredékek nori korú flórát jeleznek az egyidős Dachsteini platformon. A Pilis Dachsteini Mészkő rétegsora a Tethys selfjén kialakult sekélytengeri platform háttérlagúnájában képződött a nori során. A nori közepén aktivizálódott extenziós tektonika hatására jött létre a platformon belül a félárok-jellegű Feketehegyi-medence, amelynek lankás oldalán egyenlejtes rámpa jött létre, sekélytengeri kagyló-kolóniákkal és viharüledékekkel. A kiemelt helyzetben maradt blokkok peremét foltzátonyokkal tarkított ooid-homokdombok alkották, bekérgező szervezetekkel. A medence mélyebb régiójában ugyanakkor disztális turbiditek és medenceüledékek rakódtak le. A késő-nori legnagyobb elöntés idején a Feketehegyi-medence nyitottabbá vált, majd az ezt követő magas vízállás idején a platformlejtő előrenyomult a medence irányába a nori–rhaeti határán. | The Pilis Hills are made up predominantly of the Dachstein Limestone of Norian age. It is characterised by alternation of peritidal and shallow subtidal Lofer cycles. However, coeval basin facies with distal tempestite interlayers (Feketehegy Limestone) also occur in the Pilis. Redeposited fragments of Norian green-algae constrain the synchrony of the platform and basin facies. Proximal tempestite beds with mollusc coquina indicate the upper part of low-angle slopes between the basin and the platform. In the northern part of the Pilis, the mollusc coquina beds are overlain by thick limestone of forereef slope facies. The Dachstein Limestone of the Pilis was formed in the internal platform domain of the Dachstein platform system which developed along the margin of the Neotethys during the Late Triassic. As a result of extensional tectonic movements activated in the mid-Norian the half-graben type Feketehegy Basin came into existence. On the low-angle side of this basin a homoclynal ramp was developed where bivalve coquinas and proximal storm deposites were accumulated. Oolitic mounds with patch reefs were developed along the margin of the elevated blocks. Basinal carbonates and distal tempestites were deposited in the deepest part of the basin. At the time of the Late Norian maximum flooding the Feketehegy Basin became more open; it was probably followed by progradation of the ambient platform during the subsequent latest Norian – earliest Rhaetian highstand period

How to Use NI Elvis/Labview in Mechatronics Engineering Education?

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