Are pulp coatings effective in temporary dentition?

Objetivo: La presente revisión de la literatura tiene como objetivo principal conocer la efectividad de los Recubrimientos pulpares directos e indirectos en dientes primarios, además de conocer las diferentes técnicas de tratamiento, los factores que influyen en la eficacia del mismo y los criterios pronósticos. Material y métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos Pubmed, FAMA y Cochrane Libary. Aplicando los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se seleccionaron 10 artículos finalmente para llevar a cabo los resultados y la discusión. Conclusión: Los recubrimientos pulpares en dientes temporales se consideran una técnica correcta, efectiva y reproducible en la clínica. Se necesitan más ensayos y estudios clínicos a largo plazo que demuestren la eficacia de unos medicamentos pulpares frente a otros además de otros factores incluidos en el estudio.Objective: The main objective of this literature review is to know the effectiveness of direct and indirect pulp coatings on primary teeth, in addition to knowing the different treatment techniques, the factors that influence its efficacy and prognostic criteria. Material and methods: A bibliographic search was performed in the Pubmed, FAMA and Cochrane Libary databases. Applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 10 articles were finally selected to carry out the results and discussion. Conclusion: Pulp coverings in temporary teeth are considered a correct, effective and reproducible technique in the clinic. More trials and long-term clinical studies are needed to demonstrate the efficacy of some pulp medications against others in addition to other factors included in the study.Universidad de Sevilla. Grado en Odontología. Máster oficial en Odontología infanti

Density-Dependent Prevalence of Francisella tularensis in Fluctuating Vole Populations, Northwestern Spain

Self Archiving; https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/page/copyright-and-disclaimers J.J.L.L., F.M., and R.R.P. held official licenses for trapping wildlife in Spain. Capture permits were provided by the Dirección General del Medio Natural, Junta de Castilla y León. This study was supported by projects ECOVOLE (grant CGL2012-35348), ECOTULA (grant CGL2015-66962-C2-1-R), and RESERTULA (grant CLG2015-66962-C2-2-R), which were funded by the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad MINECO/FEDER, Spain. R.R.P. was supported by a PhD studentship from the University of Valladolid (co-funded by Banco Santander).Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Irruptive mammal host populations shape tularemia epidemiology

Funding: This work was funded by Programa Estatal de I+D+i Orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Gobierno de España (Spain). This publication is part of the project ECOTULA (reference: CGL2015-66962-C2-1-R). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Zoonotic pathogens in fluctuating common vole (Microtus arvalis) populations : occurrence and dynamics

Supplementary material. The supplementary material for this article can be found at https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182018001543 Acknowledgements. We thank José Luis Guzman for helping with fieldwork and Fabio Flechoso for helping with ectoparasite counts and flea identification. Financial support. R.R.P. was supported by a Ph.D.-studentship from the University of Valladolid (co-funded by Banco Santander, RR 30/04/2014). This work was supported by ECOCYCLES (Partner 5 –EUI2008-03658), ECOVOLE (CGL2012-35348), ECOTULA (CGL2015-66962-C2-1-R) and RESERTULA (CLG2015-66962-C2-2-R) projects funded by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Government of Spain.Peer reviewedPostprin

Overview of recent TJ-II stellarator results

The main results obtained in the TJ-II stellarator in the last two years are reported. The most important topics investigated have been modelling and validation of impurity transport, validation of gyrokinetic simulations, turbulence characterisation, effect of magnetic configuration on transport, fuelling with pellet injection, fast particles and liquid metal plasma facing components. As regards impurity transport research, a number of working lines exploring several recently discovered effects have been developed: the effect of tangential drifts on stellarator neoclassical transport, the impurity flux driven by electric fields tangent to magnetic surfaces and attempts of experimental validation with Doppler reflectometry of the variation of the radial electric field on the flux surface. Concerning gyrokinetic simulations, two validation activities have been performed, the comparison with measurements of zonal flow relaxation in pellet-induced fast transients and the comparison with experimental poloidal variation of fluctuations amplitude. The impact of radial electric fields on turbulence spreading in the edge and scrape-off layer has been also experimentally characterized using a 2D Langmuir probe array. Another remarkable piece of work has been the investigation of the radial propagation of small temperature perturbations using transfer entropy. Research on the physics and modelling of plasma core fuelling with pellet and tracer-encapsulated solid-pellet injection has produced also relevant results. Neutral beam injection driven Alfvénic activity and its possible control by electron cyclotron current drive has been examined as well in TJ-II. Finally, recent results on alternative plasma facing components based on liquid metals are also presentedThis work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium and has received funding from the Euratom research and training programme 2014–2018 under Grant Agreement No. 633053. It has been partially funded by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Inovación y Universidades of Spain under projects ENE2013-48109-P, ENE2015-70142-P and FIS2017-88892-P. It has also received funds from the Spanish Government via mobility grant PRX17/00425. The authors thankfully acknowledge the computer resources at MareNostrum and the technical support provided by the Barcelona S.C. It has been supported as well by The Science and Technology Center in Ukraine (STCU), Project P-507F

Zoonotic bacteria in fleas parasitizing common voles, northwestern Spain

Research Letter.We detected Francisella tularensis and Bartonella spp. in fleas parasitizing common voles (Microtus arvalis) from northwestern Spain; mean prevalence was 6.1% for F. tularensis and 51% for Bartonella spp. Contrasted vector–host associations in the prevalence of these bacteria suggest that fleas have distinct roles in the transmission cycle of each pathogen in nature.This work was supported by ECOVOLE (Factores ecologicos que influyen en la reproducción y dinámica poblacional del topillo campesino (Microtus arvalis) en medios agrarios; CGL2012-35348), ECOTULA (Ecología de la Tularemia: dinámica espacio-temporal, ciclos ecológicos de transmisión y mapas de riesgo en ecosistemas agrarios del NO de España; CGL2015-66962-C2-1-R), and RESERTULA (Microbiología de la Tularemia: circulación de Francisella tularensis en los ecosistemas agrarios del NO de España. Estudio de relaciones epidemiológicas y filogenéticas; CLG2015-66962-C2-2-R) projects funded by the Government of Spain (lMINECO/FEDER). R.R.-P. was supported by a PhD studentship from the University of Valladolid (co-funded by Banco Santander, RR 30/04/2014).Peer reviewe

Irruptive mammal host populations shape tularemia epidemiology

Pearls: Host population dynamics are the key of wildlife zoonotic risk; Aquatic and terrestrial agents of tularemia coexist in nature; Irrigation has provided aquatic reservoirs and a grass-loving amplification agent for tularemia in Spain; Fluctuating mammalian populations shape tularemia epidemiology; Tularemia surveillance must target unstable mammalian host populations.This work was funded by Programa Estatal de I+D+i Orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Gobierno de España (Spain). This publication is part of the project ECOTULA (reference: CGL2015-66962-C2-1-R).Peer Reviewe

Genome-scale comparison of Francisella tularensis strains isolated in an endemic region of Spain

Resumen del trabajo presentado a la 9th International Conference on Tularemia, celebrada en Montréal (Canada) del 16 al 19 de octubre de 2018.[Background and aim]: Tularemia is caused by the gram-negative intracellular pathogen Francisella tularensis. In Europe, the region of Castilla y León, Northwest Spain, is a major hotspot for tularemia, where the largest outbreaks of the disease have been recently reported. While rodents and lagomorphs are recognised as the main mammalian hosts in Europe, the common voles (Microtus arvalis) are documented key agents for human tularemia in Northwestern Spain, as evidenced by a spatial and temporal coincidence between human cases and increases in vole abundance. This study aimed to perform comparative genomics of F. tularensis isolates from tissue samples of F. tularensis positive voles with 11 human isolates from 2014, when an increased number of human cases was observed in the same area of Spain. [Material and Methods]: For this study, we selected thirty-four trapped voles, sampled in 80 km2 of farmland in Palencia Province, Spain (42°1′N, 4°42′W), that tested Ft-positive, by conventional PCR and hybridization by reverse line blotting (targeting lpnA), and the multi-target TaqMan PCR, tul4 and ISFtu2 assays. Tissues (liver, spleen and lung) from each animal were minced, inoculated in chocolate agar PolyViteXTM at 37°C in 5% CO2, and observed at 24, 48 and 72h post-inoculation. So far, after DNA extraction, four isolates, showing typical Ft growth, were subjected to paired-end whole-genome sequencing in an Illumina MiSeq apparatus, followed by genome assembly and bioinformatics analysis. [Results and conclusions]: All trapped voles tested positive for F. tularensis subsp. holarctica. A preliminary core-genome SNPs-based analysis, representing >99% of the genome, showed that all isolates (N=15) were distinguishable by 33 single nucleotide variant sites, representing two clear phylogenetic clusters. Noteworthy, four newly sequenced vole-isolated strains segregated together with five human-associated strains from 2014, suggesting the potential persistence of this strain in this region.Peer reviewe