Pensamiento computacional con Scratch o App Inventor en la educación primaria

Computational thinking (CT) is increasingly encouraged in subjects such as technology and digitalisation, and robotics. The effect on the development of generic competencies is of interest. This study investigates the use and effect of Scratch and App Inventor on the development of skills and competencies associated with CP (self-efficacy, motivation, creativity, collaborative work, algorithmic thinking, communication and social interaction) in primary education. A systematic review of articles in English and Spanish was conducted using the PRISMA statement, in the Web of Science (WOS), Dialnet and SCOPUS databases, obtaining 425 papers, from which 10 were finally selected. The results showed that both Scratch and App Inventor favour the development of skills and competencies for learning in the context of primary education and that these are underused strategies that should be promoted from the first years of compulsory educationEl pensamiento computacional (PC) se fomenta cada vez más, en asignaturas como tecnología y digitalización, y robótica, interesa el efecto sobre el desarrollo de competencias genéricas. Este estudio indaga sobre el uso y efecto de Scratch y App Inventor en el desarrollo de habilidades y competencias asociadas al PC (autoeficacia, motivación, creatividad, trabajo colaborativo, pensamiento algorítmico, comunicación e interacción social) en educación primaria. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de artículos en inglés y español utilizando la declaración PRISMA, en las bases de datos de Web of Science (WOS), Dialnet y SCOPUS, obteniendo 425 trabajos, de los que finalmente se seleccionaron 10. Los resultados mostraron que tanto Scratch como App Inventor favorecen el desarrollo de habilidades y competencias para el aprendizaje en el contexto de la educación primaria y que éstas son estrategias infrautilizadas que se deberían promover desde los primeros cursos de la educación obligatori

Information and Communication Technology Literacy Here and Abroad: A Comparison of College Students in the US and the British Vigin Islands

Information technology literacy has become a global imperative. This paper compares perceptions of ICT competency of freshmen enrolled in a public US university with students attending a community college in the British Virgin Islands. Participants completed a self-assessment instrument that addresses three broad areas of IT competency: computer hardware, networking and systems software; application/productivity software; and the Internet and information literacy. While there were significant differences between the two student groups on some individual items, the basic ranking of skill levels was remarkably similar. The findings, some intuitive and others unexpected, create starting points for further investigation. More importantly, the findings underscore the need for educational institutions around the globe to implement standardized assessment of IT literacy

Comparative analysis of spontaneous blinking and the corneal reflex

Ocular surface health, the cognitive status, psychological health or human neurological disorders, among others, can be assessed by studying eye blinking, which can be differentiated in spontaneous, reflex and voluntary. Its diagnostic potential has provided a great number of works that evaluate their characteristics and variations depending on the subject's condition (sex, tiredness, health, …). The objective of this study was to analyse the differences in blinking kinematics of spontaneous and reflex blinks, distinguishing between direct and consensual reflexes, using a self-developed, non-invasive and image processing-based method. A video-oculography system is proposed using an air jet driven by a syringe to induce reflex and a high-speed camera to record the blinking of both eyes. The light intensity diffused by the eye changes during blinking and peaks when the eyelid closes. Sixty-second sequences were recorded of 25 subjects blinking. Intensity curves were off-line fitted to an exponentially modified Gaussian (EMG) function, whose σ, μ and τ parameters were analysed. A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) of these parameters was conducted to test the influence of the subject, the eye and blink type. In the closing phase, direct and consensual corneal reflexes are faster than spontaneous blinking, but there was no significant difference between them, nor between right and left eyes. In the opening phase, the direct corneal reflex was the slowest and significant differences appeared between right and left eyes

Detección del fenómeno de Bell previo al reflejo pupilar a la luz

Contribución como póster al Simposio de Ciencias de la Visión en la XI Reunión Nacional de ÓpticaEl desarrollo de un video-oculógrafo binocular con resolución 15 micras y 4 ms orientado a la caracterización de los reflejos pupilares ha revelado la existencia de un movimiento de elevación del globo ocular, conocido como fenómeno de Bell, previo al reflejo pupilar a la luz. Además, su uso para el análisis del reflejo pupilar a la luz ha confirmado que las respuestas pupilares directa y consensual no presentan ninguna diferencia temporal apreciabl

VILLAR, L.M. y ALEGRE, O.M. (2004). Manual para la excelencia en la enseñanza superior. McGraw Hill: Madrid

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Perfil de exigencia táctico para las técnicas de inmovilización en el Judo

Insufficiencies were detected at a theoretical-methodological and practical level in the tactical preparation process. This does not allow to work with greater demand, for what our objective is to elaborate a tactical requirement profile for the immobilization techniques in judo, which has an integrating character. New techniques are offered for the study of Ne waza tactical demands. The proposal is based on recognized authorial criteria in the subject. Theoretical and empirical scientific methods are used, through which the objective will be fulfilled. As fundamental results it is intended to improve the tactical action of the pioneers Judokas.Se detectaron insuficiencias a nivel teórico-metodológico y práctico, en el proceso de preparación táctica. Esto no permite trabajar con mayor exigencia, por lo que nuestro objetivo es elaborar un perfil de exigencia táctico para las técnicas de inmovilización en el judo, el cual posee carácter integrador. Se brindan nuevas técnicas para el estudio de las exigencias tácticas ne waza. La propuesta se fundamenta en criterios autorales reconocidos en el tema. Se emplean métodos científicos de orden teórico y empíricos, mediante los cuales se dará cumplimiento al objetivo. Como resultados fundamentales se pretende mejorar el accionar táctico de los judocas pioneriles

Numerical analysis of conservative unstructured discretisations for low Mach flows

This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving. https://authorservices.wiley.com/author-resources/Journal-Authors/licensing-and-open-access/open-access/self-archiving.htmlUnstructured meshes allow easily representing complex geometries and to refine in regions of interest without adding control volumes in unnecessary regions. However, numerical schemes used on unstructured grids have to be properly defined in order to minimise numerical errors. An assessment of a low-Mach algorithm for laminar and turbulent flows on unstructured meshes using collocated and staggered formulations is presented. For staggered formulations using cell centred velocity reconstructions the standard first-order method is shown to be inaccurate in low Mach flows on unstructured grids. A recently proposed least squares procedure for incompressible flows is extended to the low Mach regime and shown to significantly improve the behaviour of the algorithm. Regarding collocated discretisations, the odd-even pressure decoupling is handled through a kinetic energy conserving flux interpolation scheme. This approach is shown to efficiently handle variable-density flows. Besides, different face interpolations schemes for unstructured meshes are analysed. A kinetic energy preserving scheme is applied to the momentum equations, namely the Symmetry-Preserving (SP) scheme. Furthermore, a new approach to define the far-neighbouring nodes of the QUICK scheme is presented and analysed. The method is suitable for both structured and unstructured grids, either uniform or not. The proposed algorithm and the spatial schemes are assessed against a function reconstruction, a differentially heated cavity and a turbulent self-igniting diffusion flame. It is shown that the proposed algorithm accurately represents unsteady variable-density flows. Furthermore, the QUICK schemes shows close to second order behaviour on unstructured meshes and the SP is reliably used in all computations.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

A study on the shallow water effect on a ship's pivot point

Information on the pivot point of a turning ship is collected, taking into account practical notes and manuals on ship maneuvering as well as experimental data and simulated results which all together reveal a consistent behavior when varying water depth or some ship particulars. Results from the studies already carried out on the Riverine Support Patrol Vessel (RSPV) of the Colombian Navy are included in this one, in order to estimate the pivot point’s position and to contrast those results with theory and available empirical observations. Linear manoeuvrability theory is tested and its results show poor approximation with respect to the kinematic equations. As to the depth variation effect, by means of fullscale experiments it is confirmed that the pivot point’s position, when going to shallow water, always varies in the same way, proving to be coherent with the available information on this phenomenon