Maps of Medina Sidonia's Palace in Sanlúcar de Barrameda of the 18th century

Nos acercaremos al edificio del siglo XVIII a través del primer plano del edificio que se conserva, datado en 1762, levantado por Juan Pedro Velázquez Gaztelu, tesorero de la casa, bajo el mando del XIV duque de Medina Sidonia. Sus muros esconden un complejo proceso constructivo, desde el siglo XV hasta el pasado siglo XX, cuando fue rehabilitado por la XXI duquesa de Medina Sidonia, doña Luisa Isabel Álvarez de Toledo.We will see the 18th century building through the first preserved plan of the building dated in 1762. It was painted by Juan Pedro Velázquez Gaztelu under the command of XIV duke of Medina Sidonia. Its walls hide a complex constructive process, from the 15th century until the past the 20th century when he was rehabilitated by the XXI duke of Medina Sidonia, Luisa Isabel Alvarez of Toledo

Museos y turismo cultural en Andalucía. El ejemplo de las ciudades medias

El turismo cultural se ha convertido en las últimas décadas en una nueva opción para muchas ciudades medias, motivado entre otras causas por el cambio producido en el perfil de los turistas y sus necesidades; por otro lado los museos han pasado a convertirse en centros vertebradores de las relaciones turísticas y en recursos potenciales para el desarrollo de estas ciudades. En la presente comunicación nos centraremos en el reflejo del turismo cultural en las instituciones museísticas andaluzas, fenómeno que ha motivado en los últimos años el nacimiento de nuevos museos de características muy diversas en el territorio de esta comunidad autónoma.Cultural tourism has become a new option for many medium size cities in recent decades, motivated among other reasons for the change in the profile of tourists and their needs. On the other hand museums have become centers of unifying tourist relations and potential resources for the development of these cities. In this communication we will focus on the reflection that cultural tourism has brought to the museums of Andalusia, emerging new museums in the community of very different features in recent years

Patrimonio industrial: una nueva opción turística

Los avances experimentados por el patrimonio industrial desde mediados del siglo XX, han traído consigo nuevos usos, entre los que destaca el aspecto cultural y turístico. Veremos como centros de producción industrial, que fueron la base de la economía de una región, se han convertido hoy en centros de recepción turística que analizan la importancia de la industria en el territorio (como es el caso de las Minas de Riotinto, Huelva). Esto unido a la diversificación que viene sufriendo el turismo, ha provocado que lo industrial se haya convertido en una nueva opción para el turismo en ciudades medias. Analizaremos el caso de Sanlúcar de Barrameda, caracterizada principalmente por su industria vinatera, para observar las posibilidades turísticas que encierra la correcta interpretación del patrimonio industrial.The advances in our industrial heritage have brought with them new uses, most notably related to culture and tourism. We will show some industrial sites which have become tourist reception centers, as is the case with Rio Tinto Mines. Industry has also become a new option for tourism in medium-sized cities. We will examine the case of the town of Sanlúcar de Barrameda, characterized by its wine industry, in order to analyze the opportunities for tourism in relation to industrial heritage

Gestión cultural de iniciativa privada en una ciudad media. Nuevos horizontes turísticos.

La gestión cultural del patrimonio juega hoy día un papel primordial en el ámbito turístico, sin embargo para una gestión adecuada y de calidad es necesaria la participación conjunta de los diferentes agentes locales y comarcales. Desde hace algunos años en este sector se están desarrollando en especial las empresas de iniciativa privada que buscan crear nuevas opciones turísticas para revitalizar nuestras ciudades. Es el caso de una ciudad media como Sanlúcar de Barrameda (Cádiz) con gran variedad de posibilidades desde el punto de vista patrimonial, pero que sin embargo ha obtenido un limitado desarrollo turístico. Para profundizar en esta situación nos acercaremos a tres ejemplos de empresas de iniciativa privada dedicadas a la gestión cultural en esta ciudad.The cultural heritage management plays a key role today. However a quality management requires the participation of all the local and regional actors. In this area are being developed especially private companies that are creating new options for revitalizing our cities. This is the case of an average town, Sanlúcar de Barrameda (Cadiz). To explore this situation we will go to three examples of private companies engaged in cultural management in this city

HGF, IL-1α, and IL-27 Are Robust Biomarkers in Early Severity Stratification of COVID-19 Patients

Producción CientíficaPneumonia is the leading cause of hospital admission and mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to identify the cytokines responsible for lung damage and mortality. We prospectively recruited 108 COVID-19 patients between March and April 2020 and divided them into four groups according to the severity of respiratory symptoms. Twenty-eight healthy volunteers were used for normalization of the results. Multiple cytokines showed statistically significant differences between mild and critical patients. High HGF levels were associated with the critical group (OR = 3.51; p < 0.001; 95%CI = 1.95–6.33). Moreover, high IL-1α (OR = 1.36; p = 0.01; 95%CI = 1.07–1.73) and low IL-27 (OR = 0.58; p < 0.005; 95%CI = 0.39–0.85) greatly increased the risk of ending up in the severe group. This model was especially sensitive in order to predict critical status (AUC = 0.794; specificity = 69.74%; sensitivity = 81.25%). Furthermore, high levels of HGF and IL-1α showed significant results in the survival analysis (p = 0.033 and p = 0.011, respectively). HGF, IL-1α, and IL 27 at hospital admission were strongly associated with severe/critical COVID-19 patients and therefore are excellent predictors of bad prognosis. HGF and IL-1α were also mortality biomarkers.Instituto de Salud Carlos III (grant COV20/00491

HGF, IL-1α, and IL-27 are robust biomarkers in early severity stratification of COVID-19 patients

© 2021 by the authors.Pneumonia is the leading cause of hospital admission and mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to identify the cytokines responsible for lung damage and mortality. We prospectively recruited 108 COVID-19 patients between March and April 2020 and divided them into four groups according to the severity of respiratory symptoms. Twenty-eight healthy volunteers were used for normalization of the results. Multiple cytokines showed statistically significant differences between mild and critical patients. High HGF levels were associated with the critical group (OR = 3.51; p < 0.001; 95%CI = 1.95–6.33). Moreover, high IL-1α (OR = 1.36; p = 0.01; 95%CI = 1.07–1.73) and low IL-27 (OR = 0.58; p < 0.005; 95%CI = 0.39–0.85) greatly increased the risk of ending up in the severe group. This model was especially sensitive in order to predict critical status (AUC = 0.794; specificity = 69.74%; sensitivity = 81.25%). Furthermore, high levels of HGF and IL-1α showed significant results in the survival analysis (p = 0.033 and p = 0.011, respectively). HGF, IL-1α, and IL 27 at hospital admission were strongly associated with severe/critical COVID-19 patients and therefore are excellent predictors of bad prognosis. HGF and IL-1α were also mortality biomarkers.This work was supported by the Carlos III Health Institute (Grant COV20/00491)

A novel HPV 16 L1-based chimeric virus-like particle containing E6 and E7 seroreactive epitopes permits highly specific detection of antibodies in patients with CIN 1 and HPV-16 infection

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The presence of IgG antibodies to HPV-16 L1-virus like particles (VLPs) in serum has been reported as a result of persistent exposure to the virus and as a marker of disease progression. However, detection of VLP-specific antibodies in sera does not always indicate a malignant lesion as positive results may also be due to a nonmalignant viral infection. Furthermore, malignant lesions are associated with an increased antibody titer for E6 and E7 proteins. The aim of this study was to develop an ELISA using a novel chimeric virus-like particle (cVLP) encoding an L1 protein fused with a string of HPV-16 E6 and E7 seroreactive epitopes to its C-terminus to be used for detection of HPV-16 specific antibodies in patients with cervical intraepithelial lesion grade 1 (CIN 1).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The sera of 30 patients with CIN 1 who also tested positive for HPV-16 DNA and of 30 age-matched normal donors negative for HPV infection were tested for the presence of IgG antibodies specific for either VLP-L1 (HPV-16 L1), gVLP (derived from Gardasil), or cVLP by ELISA. The cVLP-reactive sera yielded two distinct groups of results: (H) reactivity levels that presented very strong cVLP-specific titers, and (L) reactivity levels with significantly lower titers similar to those obtained with VLP-L1 and gVLP antigens. Additionally, the sera that presented the higher cVLP titers closely matched those that had significantly stronger reactivity to E6 and E7 epitopes. Interestingly, the samples with the highest titers corresponded to patients with the higher numbers of sexual partners and pregnancies. On the other hand only 4 out of the 12 sera that harbored antibodies with VLP neutralizing ability corresponded to the group with high cVLP antibody titers.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>We report for the first time that chimeric particles containing HPV-16 L1 protein fused with E6 and E7 seroreactive epitopes enable much better detection of IgG antibodies in the sera of CIN 1 patients positive for HPV-16 infection than those obtained with VLPs containing only the HPV-16 L1 protein. We also found that the sera with higher cVLP antibody titers corresponded to patients with more sexual partners and pregnancies, and not always with to those with a high neutralizing activity. This novel assay could help in the development of a tool to evaluate cervical cancer risk.</p

Can the Cytokine Profile According to ABO Blood Groups Be Related to Worse Outcome in COVID-19 Patients? Yes, They Can

Producción CientíficaSevere status of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is extremely associated to cytokine release. Moreover, it has been suggested that blood group is also associated with the prevalence and severity of this disease. However, the relationship between the cytokine profile and blood group remains unclear in COVID-19 patients. In this sense, we prospectively recruited 108 COVID-19 patients between March and April 2020 and divided according to ABO blood group. For the analysis of 45 cytokines, plasma samples were collected in the time of admission to hospital ward or intensive care unit and at the sixth day after hospital admission. The results show that there was a risk of more than two times lower of mechanical ventilation or death in patients with blood group O (log rank: p = 0.042). At first time, all statistically significant cytokine levels, except from hepatocyte growth factor, were higher in O blood group patients meanwhile the second time showed a significant drop, between 20% and 40%. In contrast, A/B/AB group presented a maintenance of cytokine levels during time. Hepatocyte growth factor showed a significant association with intubation or mortality risk in non-O blood group patients (OR: 4.229, 95% CI (2.064–8.665), p < 0.001) and also was the only one bad prognosis biomarker in O blood group patients (OR: 8.852, 95% CI (1.540–50.878), p = 0.015). Therefore, higher cytokine levels in O blood group are associated with a better outcome than A/B/AB group in COVID-19 patients.Instituto de Salud Carlos III (grant COV20/00491)Junta de Castilla y León (grant 18IGOF