Efecto de cuatro sustancias naturales como atrayentes para el control del escarabajo adulto Aethina tumida Murray (Coleóptera: Nitidulidae) en Abejas Apis mellifera, en Finca Los Tamarindos, Cantón Las Delicias, San Juan Opico, La Libertad, El Salvador

Aethina tumida Murray conocido como el pequeño escarabajo de las colmenas (PEC), insecto nativo de Sudáfrica donde es una plaga menor, en contraste el escarabajo afecta de manera importante a las colmenas de Apis mellífera, donde se ha convertido en un parásito de las colmenas; esta plaga amenaza con expandirse en el territorio salvadoreño y todo el continente americano. Para combatirla se hace uso de medidas de prevención y control, se ha identificado el uso de sustancias naturales que tienen referencia como atrayentes para el control del insecto. El propósito de esta investigación consistió en evaluar el efecto de atracción de cuatro sustancias naturales, mezcla de poles con miel (testigo), vinagre de piña, vinagre de manzana y vinagre de guineo, que ejercen sobre el escarabajo, como alternativa a las técnicas tradicionales del control de plaga. Una de las formas de evaluar las sustancias, fue mediante una trampa experimental (olfato metro), el procedimiento consistió en exponer a los insectos al olor de los vinagres, para observar cuales eran más atractivos, cuantificando la cantidad de escarabajos que ingresaban a las diferentes fuentes emisoras de olores

Psychometric Properties of the Perfectionism Cognitions Inventory in Ecuador

Perfectionistic Automatic Thoughts (PATs) are currently being studied due to their association with maladaptive variables. This study aims to validate the Spanish version of the Perfectionism Cognitions Inventory (PCI) in a sample of Ecuadorian undergraduates as well as to analyze latent mean differences across sex. The sample was composed by 3060 undergraduates (Mage = 22.7, SD = 2.46). The Spanish model of the PCI composed by 17 items divided into three first-order dimensions (perfectionistic concerns, strivings, and demands) and a second-order factor was supported by confirmatory factor analysis. Acceptable levels of reliability and factorial invariance across sex were observed. Higher latent mean scores for males in comparison with females in the second-order factor of the PCI were found. The three dimensions of the PCI significantly and positively correlated with interpersonal difficulties. Overall, results demonstrate that the Spanish version of the PCI is a valid and reliable measure to evaluate PATs in Ecuadorian undergraduates

Kinetics of amorphization induced by swift heavy ions in α-quartz

The kinetics of amorphization in crystalline SiO2 (α-quartz) under irradiation with swift heavy ions (O+1 at 4 MeV, O+4 at 13 MeV, F+2 at 5 MeV, F+4 at 15 MeV, Cl+3 at 10 MeV, Cl+4 at 20 MeV, Br+5 at 15 and 25 MeV and Br+8 at 40 MeV) has been analyzed in this work with an Avrami-type law and also with a recently developed cumulative approach (track-overlap model). This latter model assumes a track morphology consisting of an amorphous core (area σ) and a surrounding defective halo (area h), both being axially symmetric. The parameters of the two approaches which provide the best fit to the experimental data have been obtained as a function of the electronic stopping power Se. The extrapolation of the σ(Se) dependence yields a threshold value for amorphization, Sth ≈ 2.1 keV/nm; a second threshold is also observed around 4.1 keV/nm. We believe that this double-threshold effect could be related to the appearance of discontinuous tracks in the region between 2.1 and 4.1 keV/nm. For stopping power values around or below the lower threshold, where the ratio h/σ is large, the track-overlap model provides a much better fit than the Avrami function. Therefore, the data show that a right modeling of the amorphization kinetics needs to take into account the contribution of the defective track halo. Finally, a short comparative discussion with the kinetic laws obtained for elastic collision damage is given

Superplasticidad de aceros de baja aleación con grano ultrafino: Superplasticity of ultrafine grained low-alloy steels

Write Steels with ultrafine grained structure may present superplastic behavior at specific temperatures and strain rates that allow the grain boundary sliding mechanisms to be activated. The superplastic behavior implies deformation to large strains by grain-boundary sliding with diffusional accommodation, as described by the Ashby-Verrall model. The work presents high temperature tension tests in a low carbon, low alloy steel obtained by advanced thermomechanical controlled rolling processes, showing at 800°C elongations as high as 200%.The microstructure of the steel was analyzed in order to identify ferrite and pearlite grain boundaries, and their interaction after the specimens were deformed. Microanalytical techniques (Optical and SEM) show evidence of: damage growth that prevents the development of higher elongations to failure, non-uniform flow (relative movement-rotation of grains in close proximity to each other) and intergranular non-superplastic deformation (quasi-uniform flow); thus leading to premature failure.Los aceros con estructura de grano ultrafino pueden presentar comportamiento superplástico a temperaturas y velocidades de deformación específicas, que faciliten la activación de los mecanismos de deslizamiento de fronteras de grano. El comportamiento superplástico implica deformaciones elevadas por procesos de deslizamiento de fronteras de grano con acomodo de materia por difusión, tal como lo describe el modelo de Ashby-Verrall. El trabajo presenta pruebas de tensión a temperatura elevada en aceros de bajo carbono y baja aleación obtenidos por procesos avanzados de rolado controlados termomecánicamente, mostrando a 800°C elongaciones de hasta el 200%. La microestructura del acero se analizó para poder identificar las fronteras de grano de la ferrita y de la perlita, y su interacción después de que la probeta fue deformada. Las técnicas de microanálisis (óptico y SEM) muestran evidencia de: crecimiento de defectos que impiden alcanzar elongaciones a ruptura mayores, flujo no uniforme (movimiento-rotación relativo de granos próximos entre sí) y deformación intergranular nosuperplástica(flujo cuasi-uniforme), resultando todo esto en fractura prematura

Impact of CD68/(CD3+CD20) Ratio at the Invasive Front of Primary Tumors on Distant Metastasis Development in Breast Cancer

Tumors are infiltrated by macrophages, T and B-lymphocytes, which may favor tumor development by promoting angiogenesis, growth and invasion. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical relevance of the relative amount of macrophages (CD68⁺), T-cells (CD3⁺ and B-cells (CD20⁺) at the invasive front of breast carcinomas, and the expression of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) and their inhibitors (TIMPs) either at the invasive front or at the tumor center. We performed an immunohistochemical study counting CD3, CD20 and CD68 positive cells at the invasive front, in 102 breast carcinomas. Also, tissue sections were stained with MMP-2, -9, -11, -14 and TIMP-2 antibodies, and immunoreactivity location, percentage of reactive area and intensity were determined at the invasive front and at the tumor center. The results showed that an increased CD68 count and CD68/(CD3+CD20) ratio were directly associated with both MMP-11 and TIMP-2 expression by mononuclear inflammatory cells at the tumor center (p = 0.041 and p = 0.025 for CD68 count and p = 0.001 and p = 0.045 for ratio, respectively for MMP-11 and TIMP-2). In addition, a high CD68/(CD3+CD20) ratio (>0.05) was directly associated with a higher probability of shortened relapse-free survival. Multivariate analysis revealed that CD68/(CD3+CD20) ratio was an independent factor associated with distant relapse-free survival (RR: 2.54, CI: (1.23-5.24), p<0.01). Therefore, CD68/(CD3+CD20) ratio at the invasive front could be used as an important prognostic marker

Nanocolumnar films: sustainable manufacturing and applications in biomedicine

Resumen del trabajo presentado en la 3rd International Conference on Nanomaterials Applied to Life Sciences (NALS 2022), celebrada en Santander (España), del 27 al 29 de abril de 2022Nanocolumnar films (NCFs) can be manufactured by glancing angle deposition with magnetron sputtering. This technique is environmentally friendly: it is carried out at RT in a single step (moderate energy consumption) and does not involve chemical products (no recycling issues). Depending on several parameters (namely the gas pressure, the electromagnetic power, the angle of inclination of the substrate and its possible rotation), the nanocolumnar structure can be controlled [1]. Moreover, this method can be scaled up to large surfaces, representing a valid approach for the industrial production of nanostructured films [2]. In particular, concerning biomedicine, NCFs made of Ti, Au and Pt have been fabricated and successfully employed in several applications. Ti NCFs can be used as antibacterial coatings for orthopedic implants [2,3]. Pt NCFs show improved properties as bioelectrodes for electric stimulation [4]. Finally, Au NCFs are excellent substrates for the identification of biomolecules in surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy, SERS [5]

Guía de buen uso de tiras de autoanálisis de la glucemia capilar en la Diabetes Mellitus

Texto en gallego y españo

Recensiones [Revista de Historia Económica Año I Primavera-Verano 1983 n. 1 pp. 199-231]

Bartolomé Bennassar. Valladolid en el siglo de Oro. Una ciudad de Castilla y su entorno agrario en el siglo XVI (Bartolomé Yun Casalilla).-- Miguel Artola. La economía española al final del Antiguo Régimen. IV: Instituciones (Ovidio García Regueiro).-- Charles E. Harvey. The Rio Tinto Company. An Economic History of a Leading International Mining Concern, 1873-1954 (Gabriel Tortella Casares).-- Grupo de Estudios de Historia Rural. Los precios del trigo y la cebada en España, 1891-1907; Los precios del aceite de oliva en España, 1891- 1916; El vino, 1871-1907; Dificultades para reconstruir la serie de sus cotizaciones (Teresa Carnero Arbat).-- Manuel Martín Rodríguez. Azúcar o descolonización. Origen de una crisis agraria en la Vega de Granada. El ingenio de San Juan, 1822- 1904 (José Morilla Crit).-- Manuel Tuñón de Lara (ed.). Historia de España. IX: La crisis del Estado, Dictadura, República, Guerra (1923-1939) (Pablo Martín Aceña).-- Caglar Keyder. he Definition of a Peripheral Economy: Turkey, 1923-1929 (Mourad Wahba).-- Marjorie Grice-Hutchinson. El pensamiento económico en España (1377-1740) (Carlos Barciela).-- Carl Menger. Principios de Economía Política (Juan Torras Gómez).-- Josep Fontana. (ed.) La economía española al final del Antiguo Régimen. III: Comercio y colonias (Carlos Martínez Shaw)Publicad

Impacto del embarazo en la salud de las adolescentes (Perú)

El análisis que se presenta en esta publicación, bajo la conducción del doctor Luis Távara conjuntamente con un equipo de profesionales de primera línea, nos ofrece los resultados de un estudio mucho más amplio enmarcado dentro de una iniciativa mayor denominada “Vidas robadas” y que incluye a países como Perú, Ecuador, Guatemala y Nicaragua, cuyas realidades, si bien diferentes, tienen mucho en común con relación a la vulnerabilidad de los y las adolescentes. El objetivo de estos estudios fue analizar el impacto que ejerce el embarazo en la salud adolescente en sus tres dimensiones: física, mental y social.http://promsex.org/images/docs/Publicaciones/ImpactoEmbarazoAdolescenteLTavara.pd