14 research outputs found

    Identification of Cost-Optimal Measures for Energy Renovation of Thermal Envelopes in Different Types of Public School Buildings in the City of Valencia

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    [EN] In order to achieve the EU emission reduction goals, it is essential to renovate the building stock, by improving energy efficiency and promoting total decarbonisation. According to the 2018/844/EU Directive, 3% of Public Administration buildings should be renovated every year. So as to identify the measures to be applied in those buildings and obtain the greatest reduction in energy consumption at the lowest cost, the Directive 2010/31/EU proposed a cost-optimisation-based methodology. The implementation of this allowed to carry out studies in detail in actual scenarios for the energy renovation of thermal envelopes of public schools in the city of Valencia. First, primary school buildings were analysed and classified into three representative types. For each type, 21 sets of measures for improving building thermal envelopes were proposed, considering the global cost, in order to learn about the savings obtained, the repayment term for the investment made, the percentage reduction in energy consumption and the level of compliance with regulatory requirements. The result and conclusions will help Public Administration in Valencia to draw up an energy renovation plan for public building schools in the city.Liébana-Durán, ME.; Serrano Lanzarote, AB.; Ortega-Madrigal, L. (2021). Identification of Cost-Optimal Measures for Energy Renovation of Thermal Envelopes in Different Types of Public School Buildings in the City of Valencia. Applied Sciences. 11(11):1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11115108116111

    Análisis tipológico de centros escolares para caracterizar los consumos energéticos. El caso de la ciudad de Valencia.

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    This paper presents the work developed like continuation of the European project TABULA-EIE (2010-2013), faced to characterize the types of the residential park of housings, to develope strategies of energy rehabilitation. The work now presented studies the centres of education, attending on the potential of saving that this type of buildings presents, many of them, constructed without regulation on energy efficiency. One of the main detected barriers has been the scarcity of energy information on the service industries. Other one has been the multiplicity of variables (uses, schedules…) that make difficult to establish systematical classifications. The challenge of the present investigation has been to propose a classification of types of constructions of educational centres in the city of Valencia, to help to establish possible progress strategies for groups and favor the energy saving. There are analysed the classification systems used in multiple energy studies on educational centres in Europe and, taking as a base the model of classification prepared in the project TABULA, the “matrix of buildings types”, a new matrix has been proposed for the centres of pre-school and primary education of Valencia. Finally, there appear the results of the theoretical energy study developed on one of the types of schools included in the proposed matrix. The used methodology can be replicable to other cities of Spain and can constitute the base to estimate the possible energy savings in school centres, in order to raise future stages of energy rehabilitation of an efficient way.Esta comunicación presenta el trabajo desarrollado como continuación del proyecto europeo EIE TABULA (2010-2013), orientado a caracterizar los tipos del parque residencial de viviendas, para plantear estrategias de rehabilitación energética. El trabajo ahora presentado estudia los centros de educación, atendiendo al potencial de ahorro que presentan este tipo de edificios, muchos de ellos, construidos sin normativa sobre eficiencia energética. Una de las principales barreras detectadas ha sido la escasez de datos energéticos sobre el sector terciario. Otra ha sido la multiplicidad de variables (usos, horarios, ...), que dificultan establecer clasificaciones sistemáticas. El reto de la presente investigación ha sido proponer una clasificación de tipos de construcciones de centros educativos en la ciudad de Valencia, para ayudar a establecer posibles estrategias futuras de mejora, por grupos, y favorecer el ahorro energético. Se analizan los sistemas de clasificación utilizados en múltiples estudios energéticos sobre centros educativos en Europa y, tomando como base el modelo de clasificación elaborado en el proyecto TABULA, la “Matriz de tipos de edificios”, se ha propuesto una nueva matriz para los centros de educación infantil y primaria de Valencia. Por último, se presentan los resultados del estudio energético teórico desarrollado sobre uno de los tipos de colegios incluido en la matriz propuesta. La metodología utilizada puede ser replicable a otras ciudades de España y puede constituir la base para estimar los posibles ahorros energéticos en centros escolares, de cara a plantear futuros escenarios de rehabilitación energética de manera eficiente

    Propuesta metodológica para estimación de la vida útil de la envolvente de los edificios

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    The estimation of the service life of the construction elements of a building and its materials is an essential part of drawing up a realistic and economically viable maintenance program. In this regard, this paper presents a methodology to estimate the service life of the construction systems of outer walls and roofs frequently used in modern buildings. The reference document used was the ISO-15686 standard, which proposes an efficient method of estimating service life based on durability factors. However this method was designed for general application and is difficult to apply. Due to the scarce amount of reliable information available on material durability values, it was found necessary to generate a service-life database of the construction elements considered, as well as of their component materials, based on their common degradation mechanisms. Factors that affect durability were also identified and a clear procedure for evaluation was set up. The proposed method, rather than giving accurate information on service life, allows different construction systems to be compared and is thus of assistance in the project design phase. The methodology can also be used as a model for other construction elements and is transferable to other countries.La estimación de la vida útil de los elementos constructivos de un edificio y de sus materiales, es fundamental para elaborar programas de mantenimiento realistas y viables económicamente. En este sentido, el presente trabajo presenta una propuesta metodológica para estimar la vida útil de fachadas y cubiertas más frecuentes en edificación. El documento referencia utilizado ha sido la norma ISO-15686, que propone un método eficiente para estimar la vida útil, basándose en los factores que afectan a la durabilidad, pero que sin embargo está planteado de forma muy generalista de difícil aplicación. Constatada la escasa información fiable sobre durabilidades de los materiales, ha sido necesario generar una base de datos de vida útil de los elementos constructivos considerados, así como de sus materiales componentes, a partir de los mecanismos de degradación que con más frecuencia pueden afectarles. Asimismo se han identificado factores que afectan a la durabilidad y se ha propuesto un procedimiento claro para su evaluación. El método planteado, más que dar una información precisa sobre la vida útil, permite comparar diferentes sistemas constructivos y facilita al técnico su diseño en fase de proyecto. La metodología puede servir de modelo para otros elementos constructivos o para otros países.Ortega Madrigal, L.; Serrano Lanzarote, AB.; Fran Bretones, JM. (2015). Proposed method of estimating the service life of building envelopes. Revista de la Construcción. 14(1):60-68. doi:10.4067/S0718-915X2015000100008S606814

    Strategy for the energy renovation of the housing stock in Comunitat Valenciana (Spain)

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    [EN] The Spanish residential building stock built between 1940 and 1980 period presents a high energy saving potential as it represents a significant percentage of the total housing stock and it was built without any regulation regarding energy efficiency. Accordingly, the first aim of this paper was to quantify the energy saving potential and the related reduction in CO2 emissions of the housing stock in those years. The work focuses on the Mediterranean climate of the Comunitat Valenciana Region, therefore the energy efficiency strategies proposed are passive and deal with the envelope of buildings. On the basis of the results obtained, several scenarios with intervention periods of 10, 20 and 30 years were calculated. The conclusion was that with the current rate of annual building renovation, it will be nearly impossible to reach the goals established by the EPBD. Only a deep transformation of the building fabric within this sector could help in achieving them. Finally, it should be noted that the proposed methodology can be applied to other areas with different climates, particularly in Spain. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.This research has been supported by the Valencia Government - Conselleria of Housing, Public Works And Territorial Structure, by the research institute Valencia Institute of Building (IVE) and by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme of the European Union through EPISCOPE project.Serrano Lanzarote, AB.; Ortega Madrigal, L.; Garcia-Prieto Ruiz, A.; Soto-Francés, L.; Soto Francés, VM. (2016). Strategy for the energy renovation of the housing stock in Comunitat Valenciana (Spain). Energy and Buildings. 132:117-129. doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.06.087S11712913

    Scenario Analyses Concerning Energy Efficiency and Climate Protection in Regional and National Residential Building Stocks. Examples from Nine European Countries. - EPISCOPE Synthesis Report No. 3

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    This report documents methodological aspects and selected results of the scenario analyses to assess refurbishment as well as energy saving processes and project future energy consumption.. It covers scenario calculations conducted for regional residential building stocks in Salzburg/Austria, the Comunidat Valenciana/Spain, the Piedmont Region/Italy, the national non-profit housing stock in the Netherlands as well as the national residential building stocks in Germany, England, Greece, Norway, and Slovenia. Thereby, the objective of the scenario analysis is not a prediction of future energy demand in the respective building stock. Rather, the objective is to show the potential future impact of predefined assumptions. This may help respective key actors and policy makers to decide on strategies and policies for transforming building stocks towards carbon dioxide neutrality

    Tracking of Energy Performance Indicators in Residential Building Stocks – Different Approaches and Common Results - EPISCOPE Synthesis Report No. 4

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    A central task of IEE EPISCOPE project was to carry out energy balance calculations and scenario analysis for national, regional or local residential building stocks against the background of energy saving and climate protection targets. The EPISCOPE Synthesis Report No. 4 documents the individual approaches of collecting information for the investigated residential building stocks as a foundation for building stock models and scenario calculations. Issues related to the availability of data and data quality are discussed, and concepts for a continuous monitoring (a regular data collection) are presented as a basis for a future tracking of energy performance in the observed building stocks

    Optimización y propuesta de un método para la estimación de la durabilidad de los sistemas constructivos característicos de la Comunidad Valenciana

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    En los últimos años se ha percibido un aumento en el interés por determinar la durabilidad y la vida útil de los elementos constructivos de los edificios, así como de sus componentes y materiales. Este interés ha venido de la mano de cuestiones medioambientales y económicas. Por un lado, la durabilidad está directamente relacionada con la búsqueda de un desarrollo sostenible, tema en el que se están invirtiendo muchos esfuerzos a nivel internacional. Por otro lado, los edificios existentes, entendidos como capital inmobiliario, representan una cantidad importante del capital nacional, por lo que los costes de inspección y mantenimiento de estos edificios son de gran importancia para la economía de un país. Estos gastos se podrían reducir estudiando la durabilidad de los diferentes sistemas y seleccionando aquellos más duraderos. En este contexto, se efectúa una propuesta metodológica para estimar la vida útil de los sistemas constructivos de fachadas y cubiertas utilizados actualmente con más frecuencia en la edificación española a partir del método propuesto por la norma ISO-15686. Los principales resultados que se han obtenido en el proceso de elaboración de la metodología son una base de datos de durabilidades de los diferentes componentes constitutivos de los elementos constructivos y una caracterización de las lesiones que más afectan a los elementos constructivos de fachada y cubierta. En estos momentos en los que el sector de la construcción necesita cambiar el modelo que se ha aplicado en las últimas décadas, un avance de las características del que se ha conseguido con la investigación expuesta en este documento, permite dar pasos en el camino de la mejora de la calidad y la sostenibilidad en el sector de la construcción, impulsando un mejor conocimiento de los componentes y sistemas constructivos que empleamos. No podremos mejorar aquello que no sepamos cómo se comporta.Ortega Madrigal, L. (2013). Optimización y propuesta de un método para la estimación de la durabilidad de los sistemas constructivos característicos de la Comunidad Valenciana [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/27666TESI

    Mexico's Ants: Who are They and Where do They Live?

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