Materiales didácticos generados a través de la lúdica, utilizando residuos sólidos que se producen en la Institución Educativa José Joaquín Flórez Hernández

Este proyecto pretende reforzar en los estudiantes de la I.E José Joaquín Flórez Hernández, la importancia de cuidar nuestro medio ambiente, generando en ellos la necesidad de reciclar y reutilizar todos los residuos sólidos que lleguen a sus hogares para mejorar y cuidar nuestro entorno. La propuesta pedagógica consiste en enseñar a los jóvenes del grado octavo sobre el manejo del material de reciclaje y la manera como se pueden crear otros objetos que les van a servir tanto a los estudiantes como a sus familias y seguramente también a la institución. Además, es importante fomentar en ellos, el deseo de no contaminar el ambiente y porque no, les permita crear una fuente de ingreso para su hogar, transformando estos objetos en nuevos productos.This project proposal aims to reinforce the I.E José Joaquín Flórez Hernández´s students in the importance of caring our environment, making them aware of recycling and reusing all solid waste that reaches their homes to improve and take care of our environment. This pedagogical proposal consists of teaching eighth graders about the managment of recycling material and how to create other objects that will serve both students and their families and surely also the school. In addition, it is important to generate in them the desire of not to pollute the environment and why not, to allow them to create a source of income for their home in the transformation of those products

Plan de mejoramiento para el área financiera de la empresa Key Market SAS en reorganización

Formular un plan de mejoramiento para el área financiera de la empresa Key Market SAS en ReorganizaciónLa crisis económica por la que han atravesado muchas empresas en nuestro país, ha generado que el estado establezca mecanismos para que las mismas puedan seguir operando y puedan resolver su situación de iliquidez y salir de su crisis; Actualmente en Colombia se han aceptado para reorganización 2641 procesos de empresas de todos los sectores del país, es muy importante la figura que han adoptado ya que ello le permite conservar la empresa como unidad de explotación económica y fuente generadora de empleo. De acuerdo a lo anterior, se ha realizado el estudio a la compañía Key Market SAS En Reorganizacion desde el año 2014 cuyo proceso tiene vigencia de 10 años para el pago de forma gradual de obligaciones con empleados, bancos, impuestos, y proveedores estrategicos y quirografarios.According to the Colombian Confederation of Chambers of Commerce (Confecámaras) in Colombia 90% of the productive units are Mipymes, being the main productive structure of the country since they generate 67% of employment and close to 28% of Gross Domestic Product PIB. An important percentage of this Mipymes, are involved in issues of illiquidity, (Currently, for every 100 companies created in Colombia, only 29 subsist the first 5 years). This has led numerous Colombian companies to take advantage of Law 1116 of 2006 that determines the processes of corporate reorganization. According to the foregoing, the study was carried out on the company Key Market SAS In Reorganization since 2014, whose process is valid for 10 years for the gradual payment of obligations with employees, banks, taxes, strategic suppliers and unsecured suppliers. The information of the company's financial statements was compiled, in which a preliminary diagnosis was made, horizontal and vertical analysis of the financial statements, analysis of the financial ratios as well as: debt, liquidity, activity and profitability ratios; analysis of the financial structure and cash flow, all from the periods 2013 to 2018 of the Key Market company, using the different methods learned during the specialization in Finance

Plan de mejoramiento para el área financiera de la empresa Key Market SAS en reorganización

Formular un plan de mejoramiento para el área financiera de la empresa Key Market SAS en ReorganizaciónLa crisis económica por la que han atravesado muchas empresas en nuestro país, ha generado que el estado establezca mecanismos para que las mismas puedan seguir operando y puedan resolver su situación de iliquidez y salir de su crisis; Actualmente en Colombia se han aceptado para reorganización 2641 procesos de empresas de todos los sectores del país, es muy importante la figura que han adoptado ya que ello le permite conservar la empresa como unidad de explotación económica y fuente generadora de empleo. De acuerdo a lo anterior, se ha realizado el estudio a la compañía Key Market SAS En Reorganizacion desde el año 2014 cuyo proceso tiene vigencia de 10 años para el pago de forma gradual de obligaciones con empleados, bancos, impuestos, y proveedores estrategicos y quirografarios.According to the Colombian Confederation of Chambers of Commerce (Confecámaras) in Colombia 90% of the productive units are Mipymes, being the main productive structure of the country since they generate 67% of employment and close to 28% of Gross Domestic Product PIB. An important percentage of this Mipymes, are involved in issues of illiquidity, (Currently, for every 100 companies created in Colombia, only 29 subsist the first 5 years). This has led numerous Colombian companies to take advantage of Law 1116 of 2006 that determines the processes of corporate reorganization. According to the foregoing, the study was carried out on the company Key Market SAS In Reorganization since 2014, whose process is valid for 10 years for the gradual payment of obligations with employees, banks, taxes, strategic suppliers and unsecured suppliers. The information of the company's financial statements was compiled, in which a preliminary diagnosis was made, horizontal and vertical analysis of the financial statements, analysis of the financial ratios as well as: debt, liquidity, activity and profitability ratios; analysis of the financial structure and cash flow, all from the periods 2013 to 2018 of the Key Market company, using the different methods learned during the specialization in Finance

Clinical, Microbiological, and Genetic Characteristics of Heteroresistant Vancomycin-Intermediate Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia in a Teaching Hospital

The emergence of vancomycin intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) and heterogeneous VISA (hVISA) is of major concern worldwide. Our objective was to investigate the prevalence, phenotypic and molecular features of hVISA strains isolated from bacteremic patients and to determine the clinical significance of the hVISA phenotype in patients with bacteremia. A total of 104 S. aureus blood isolates were collected from a teaching hospital of Argentina between August 2009 and November 2010. No VISA isolate was recovered, and 3 out of 92 patients (3.3%) were infected with hVISA, 2 of them methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) (4.5% of MRSA). Macro Etest and prediffusion method detected 3/3 and 2/3 hVISA respectively. Considering the type of bacteremia, the three cases were distributed as follows: two patients had suffered multiple episodes of bacteremia (both hVISA strains recovered in the second episode), while only one patient had suffered a single episode of bacteremia with hVISA infection. MRSA bloodstream isolates exhibiting the hVISA phenotype were related to HA-MRSA Cordobes clone (ST5-SCCmec I-spa t149) and MRSA Argentinean pediatric clone (ST100-SCCmec IVNV-spa t002), but not to CA-MRSA-ST30-SCCmec IV-spa t019 clone that was one of the most frequent in our country. Although still relatively infrequent in our hospital, hVISA strains weresignificantly associated with multiple episodes of bacteremia ( p = 0.037) and genetically unrelated.Fil: Di Gregorio, Sabrina Noelia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; ArgentinaFil: Perazzi, Beatriz Elizabeth. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; ArgentinaFil: Martinez Ordoñez, Andrea. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica; ArgentinaFil: de Gregorio, Stella. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Hospital de Clínicas General San Martín; ArgentinaFil: Focoli, Mónica. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Hospital de Clínicas General San Martín; ArgentinaFil: Lasala, María Beatriz. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Hospital de Clínicas General San Martín; ArgentinaFil: Garcia, Susana. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Hospital de Clínicas General San Martín; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; ArgentinaFil: Vay, Carlos Alberto. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Hospital de Clínicas General San Martín; ArgentinaFil: Famiglietti, Angela María Rosa. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Hospital de Clínicas General San Martín; ArgentinaFil: Mollerach, Marta Eugenia. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay; Argentin

Relationship between the chemical composition and atomic volume in ag- x % at zn (x ≤ 20) solid solutions

In this work the relationship between the chemical composition and atomic volume in the Ag – x % Zn (x ≤ 20) system was studied. For this purpose, 10 solid solutions were obtained by means of casting and mechanical alloying. The microstructural characterization was carried out by means of X ray diffraction. The lattice parameter was obtained using the Rietveld’s method, while the chemical composition was determined by dispersive energy X-ray spectroscopy. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that there is an inverse lineal relationship between the atomic volume of the solid solution and its Zn concentration, which shows a negative deviation from Vegard`s law (-2.96%). Additionally, it was proposed an equation which relates the Zn concentration with the atomic volume of the solid solution, which showed a prediction error less than 12%

PROPUESTA DE UNA METODOLOGÍA PARA EL DISEÑO DE UN NUEVO PRODUCTO ALIMENTARIO

El principal objetivo de este trabajo es la creación de un diseño de proyecto para la elaboración de un nuevo producto alimentario que cumpla con las tendencias actuales de la sociedad, en los últimos años se ha dado tendencia hacia alimentos sanos que también tienen preparaciones rápidas como lo son los alimentos de IV y V gamma, si se toma solo en cuenta las encuestas realizadas en esta propuesta se puede evidenciar el deseo del consumidor de obtener un alimento listo para el consumo, dejando atrás el mundo del azúcar, la grasa y renaciendo un nuevo estilo de vida alimentaria. En esta propuesta se pudo identificar dos actores principales uno es la elaboración de alimentos frescos listos para el consumo y el otro a aplicación de un recubrimiento comestible para ese producto, el cual va a permitir un aumento en su vida útil de anaquel siendo así más atractivo para el consumidor. En la investigación se pudo establecer que el recubrimiento comestible permite la extensión de la vida útil cuando se aplica al alimento de cuarta gamma en este caso “ensalada verde lista para el consumo”The main objective of this work is the creation of a project design for the development of a new food product that meets the current trends of society, in recent years there has been a trend towards healthy foods that also have fast preparations as they are the foods of IV and V gamma, if one takes into account only the surveys carried out in this proposal it can be evidenced the desire of the consumer to obtain a food ready for consumption, leaving behind the world of sugar, fat and rebirth of a new food lifestyle. In this proposal it was possible to identify two main actors, one is the preparation of fresh food ready for consumption and the other one applying an edible coating for that product, which will allow an increase in its shelf life being thus more attractive for the consumer In the investigation it was established that the edible coating allows the extension of the shelf life when applied to the fourth gamma food in this case “green salad ready for consumption

Maximum levels of cross-contamination for 24 antimicrobial active substances in non-target feed. Part 6: Macrolides: tilmicosin, tylosin and tylvalosin

The specific concentrations of tilmicosin, tylosin and tylvalosin in non-target feed for food-producing animals, below which there would not be an effect on the emergence of, and/or selection for, resistance in bacteria relevant for human and animal health, as well as the specific antimicrobial concentrations in feed which have an effect in terms of growth promotion/increased yield, were assessed by EFSA in collaboration with EMA. Details of the methodology used for this assessment, associated data gaps and uncertainties, are presented in a separate document. To address antimicrobial resistance, the Feed Antimicrobial Resistance Selection Concentration (FARSC) model developed specifically for the assessment was applied. However, due to the lack of data on the parameters required to calculate the FARSC, it was not possible to conclude the assessment until further experimental data become available. To address growth promotion, data from scientific publications obtained from an extensive literature review were used. Levels in feed that showed to have an effect on growth promotion/increased yield were reported for tilmicosin and tylosin, whilst for tylvalosin no suitable data for the assessment were available. It was recommended to carry out studies to generate the data that are required to fill the gaps which prevented the calculation of the FARSC for these three antimicrobials

Maximum levels of cross-contamination for 24 antimicrobial active substances in non-target feed. Part 8: Pleuromutilins: tiamulin and valnemulin

The specific concentrations of tiamulin and valnemulin in non-target feed for food-producing animals, below which there would not be an effect on the emergence of, and/or selection for, resistance in bacteria relevant for human and animal health, as well as the specific antimicrobial concentrations in feed which have an effect in terms of growth promotion/increased yield were assessed by EFSA in collaboration with EMA. Details of the methodology used for this assessment, associated data gaps and uncertainties, are presented in a separate document. To address antimicrobial resistance, the Feed Antimicrobial Resistance Selection Concentration (FARSC) model developed specifically for the assessment was applied. However, due to the lack of data on the parameters required to calculate the FARSC, it was not possible to conclude the assessment until further experimental data become available. To address growth promotion, data from scientific publications obtained from an extensive literature review were used. Levels in feed that showed to have an effect on growth promotion/increased yield were reported for tiamulin, while for valnemulin no suitable data for the assessment were available. It was recommended to carry out studies to generate the data that are required to fill the gaps which prevented the calculation of the FARSC for these two antimicrobials

Maximum levels of cross-contamination for 24 antimicrobial active substances in non-target feed. Part 1: Methodology, general data gaps and uncertainties

The European Commission requested EFSA to assess, in collaboration with EMA, the specific concentrations of antimicrobials resulting from cross-contamination in non-target feed for food-producing animals below which there would not be an effect on the emergence of, and/or selection for, resistance in microbial agents relevant for human and animal health, as well as the levels of the antimicrobials which could have a growth promotion/increase yield effect. The assessment was performed for 24 antimicrobial active substances, as specified in the mandate. This scientific opinion describes the methodology used, and the main associated data gaps and uncertainties. To estimate the antimicrobial levels in the non-target feed that would not result in emergence of, and/or selection for, resistance, a model was developed. This ‘Feed Antimicrobial Resistance Selection Concentration’ (FARSC) model is based on the minimal selective concentration (MSC), or the predicted MSC (PMSC) if MSC for the most susceptible bacterial species is unavailable, the fraction of antimicrobial dose available for exposure to microorganisms in the large intestine or rumen (considering pharmacokinetic parameters), the daily faecal output or rumen volume and the daily feed intake. Currently, lack of data prevents the establishment of PMSC and/or FARSC for several antimicrobials and animal species. To address growth promotion, data from an extensive literature search were used. Specific assessments of the different substances grouped by antimicrobial classes are addressed in separate scientific opinions. General conclusions and recommendations were made

Maximum levels of cross-contamination for 24 antimicrobial active substances in non-target feed. Part 13: Diaminopyrimidines: trimethoprim

The specific concentrations of trimethoprim in non-target feed for food-producing animals below which there would not be an effect on the emergence of, and/or selection for, resistance in bacteria relevant for human and animal health, as well as the specific antimicrobial concentrations in feed which have an effect in terms of growth promotion/increased yield were assessed by EFSA in collaboration with EMA. Details of the methodology used for this assessment, associated data gaps and uncertainties, are presented in a separate document. To address antimicrobial resistance, the Feed Antimicrobial Resistance Selection Concentration (FARSC) model developed specifically for the assessment was applied. The FARSC for trimethoprim was estimated. Uncertainties and data gaps associated to the levels reported were addressed. To address growth promotion, data from scientific publications obtained from an extensive literature review were used. No suitable data for the assessment were available. It was recommended to perform further studies to supply more diverse and complete data related to the requirements for calculation of the FARSC for trimethoprim